{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2889000433","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s18092856","title":"On the Feasibility of Using an Ear-EEG to Develop an Endogenous Brain-Computer Interface","display_name":"On the Feasibility of Using an Ear-EEG to Develop an Endogenous Brain-Computer Interface","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-08-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2889000433","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s18092856","mag":"2889000433","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30158505"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s18092856","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s18092856","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/9/2856/pdf?version=1535553084","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/9/2856/pdf?version=1535553084","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Soo-In Choi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113409471","display_name":"Kumoh National Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dkjfz60","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113409471"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Soo-In Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical IT Convergence Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical IT Convergence Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113409471"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037639889","display_name":"Chang Hee Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8668-3989"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148503","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/045eg9c12","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148503","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chang-Hee Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Berlin Institute of Technology, Machine Learning Group, Marchstrasse 23, 10587 Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8668-3989","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Berlin Institute of Technology, Machine Learning Group, Marchstrasse 23, 10587 Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148503","https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051686222","display_name":"Ga-Young Choi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2209-5517"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113409471","display_name":"Kumoh National Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dkjfz60","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113409471"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ga-Young Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical IT Convergence Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical IT Convergence Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113409471"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062619576","display_name":"Jaeyoung Shin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2899-6893"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4575257","display_name":"Hanyang University","ror":"https://ror.org/046865y68","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaeyoung Shin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2899-6893","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109401779","display_name":"Kwang Soup Song","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113409471","display_name":"Kumoh National Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dkjfz60","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113409471"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kwang Soup Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical IT Convergence Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical IT Convergence Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113409471"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018807391","display_name":"Chang\u2010Hwan Im","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3795-3318"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4575257","display_name":"Hanyang University","ror":"https://ror.org/046865y68","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chang-Hwan Im","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3795-3318","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066186528","display_name":"Han-Jeong Hwang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1183-1219"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113409471","display_name":"Kumoh National Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dkjfz60","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113409471"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Han-Jeong Hwang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical IT Convergence Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1183-1219","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical IT Convergence Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113409471"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5066186528"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113409471"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":1.1551,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77044264,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"9","first_page":"2856","last_page":"2856"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10241","display_name":"Functional Brain Connectivity Studies","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.8484640121459961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain\u2013computer-interface","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","score":0.8013762831687927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalp","display_name":"Scalp","score":0.6687936186790466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-activity-and-meditation","display_name":"Brain activity and meditation","score":0.6312566995620728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/audiology","display_name":"Audiology","score":0.5763661861419678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.43896111845970154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.4182726740837097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.40248775482177734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3273162841796875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.2097063660621643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anatomy","display_name":"Anatomy","score":0.07275837659835815}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.8484640121459961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173201364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q897410","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","level":3,"score":0.8013762831687927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778515351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9622","display_name":"Scalp","level":2,"score":0.6687936186790466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120843803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4955807","display_name":"Brain activity and meditation","level":3,"score":0.6312566995620728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548259974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965","display_name":"Audiology","level":1,"score":0.5763661861419678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.43896111845970154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4182726740837097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.40248775482177734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3273162841796875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2097063660621643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.07275837659835815}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004423","descriptor_name":"Ear","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004423","descriptor_name":"Ear","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004423","descriptor_name":"Ear","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005240","descriptor_name":"Feasibility Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005240","descriptor_name":"Feasibility Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005240","descriptor_name":"Feasibility Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012535","descriptor_name":"Scalp","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012535","descriptor_name":"Scalp","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012535","descriptor_name":"Scalp","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D062207","descriptor_name":"Brain-Computer Interfaces","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D062207","descriptor_name":"Brain-Computer Interfaces","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D062207","descriptor_name":"Brain-Computer Interfaces","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s18092856","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s18092856","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/9/2856/pdf?version=1535553084","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:30158505","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30158505","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:fc9e62cc910a4e6bb61fde36d5168dfe","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/fc9e62cc910a4e6bb61fde36d5168dfe","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 18, Iss 9, p 2856 (2018)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:5127056","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC6165202","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/18/9/2856/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18092856","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6165202","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6165202","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s18092856","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s18092856","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/9/2856/pdf?version=1535553084","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4399999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2156757918","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017-0-00451","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","funder_display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5740704912","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017-0-00451","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6009323207","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017-0-00451","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322030","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7347243037","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017R1C1B5017909","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7573002573","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"No. 2017-0-00451","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","funder_display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7781177018","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"No. 2017R1C1B5017909","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322030","display_name":"Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning","ror":"https://ror.org/032e49973"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/01wpjm123"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion","ror":"https://ror.org/01g0hqq23"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2889000433.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2889000433.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":84,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1519366346","https://openalex.org/W1587053050","https://openalex.org/W1967765022","https://openalex.org/W1968911628","https://openalex.org/W1971492907","https://openalex.org/W1978962433","https://openalex.org/W1987656288","https://openalex.org/W1990512452","https://openalex.org/W1993256203","https://openalex.org/W2008729693","https://openalex.org/W2022021629","https://openalex.org/W2041109102","https://openalex.org/W2045561515","https://openalex.org/W2045654603","https://openalex.org/W2048789521","https://openalex.org/W2049166497","https://openalex.org/W2052870065","https://openalex.org/W2061533263","https://openalex.org/W2065613910","https://openalex.org/W2066227468","https://openalex.org/W2066805849","https://openalex.org/W2076708394","https://openalex.org/W2082645024","https://openalex.org/W2100984734","https://openalex.org/W2106006415","https://openalex.org/W2112686332","https://openalex.org/W2128379882","https://openalex.org/W2128495200","https://openalex.org/W2128909182","https://openalex.org/W2131321253","https://openalex.org/W2133373764","https://openalex.org/W2135825876","https://openalex.org/W2137237725","https://openalex.org/W2142280324","https://openalex.org/W2148882454","https://openalex.org/W2150066253","https://openalex.org/W2158300918","https://openalex.org/W2161918244","https://openalex.org/W2163771047","https://openalex.org/W2164423683","https://openalex.org/W2166330320","https://openalex.org/W2168839829","https://openalex.org/W2218268979","https://openalex.org/W2223382330","https://openalex.org/W2282299048","https://openalex.org/W2408915913","https://openalex.org/W2410365704","https://openalex.org/W2414977329","https://openalex.org/W2417221209","https://openalex.org/W2469836966","https://openalex.org/W2503663328","https://openalex.org/W2519620145","https://openalex.org/W2527878485","https://openalex.org/W2537309610","https://openalex.org/W2546901344","https://openalex.org/W2552578398","https://openalex.org/W2552980087","https://openalex.org/W2554727052","https://openalex.org/W2560384232","https://openalex.org/W2594217161","https://openalex.org/W2606337139","https://openalex.org/W2606574754","https://openalex.org/W2616350852","https://openalex.org/W2729876102","https://openalex.org/W2742239524","https://openalex.org/W2742638082","https://openalex.org/W2756191246","https://openalex.org/W2768486568","https://openalex.org/W2769988548","https://openalex.org/W2770862305","https://openalex.org/W2771869577","https://openalex.org/W2782522902","https://openalex.org/W2789972732","https://openalex.org/W2790316274","https://openalex.org/W2791912068","https://openalex.org/W2792514837","https://openalex.org/W2794043058","https://openalex.org/W2794435134","https://openalex.org/W2884021537","https://openalex.org/W2950017146","https://openalex.org/W2964302064","https://openalex.org/W6648373187","https://openalex.org/W6661670011","https://openalex.org/W6766266577"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3202969339","https://openalex.org/W4237513258","https://openalex.org/W1994410349","https://openalex.org/W3177028067","https://openalex.org/W2466887110","https://openalex.org/W2068485906","https://openalex.org/W2146473982","https://openalex.org/W4389933916","https://openalex.org/W2314032432","https://openalex.org/W2335893660"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Brain-computer":[0],"interface":[1],"(BCI)":[2],"studies":[3],"based":[4,213],"on":[5,59,214],"electroencephalography":[6],"(EEG)":[7],"measured":[8,58],"around":[9],"the":[10,33,60,64,68,77,103,126,133,154,165,176,198,222],"ears":[11,65],"(ear-EEGs)":[12],"have":[13],"mostly":[14],"used":[15,206],"exogenous":[16],"paradigms":[17],"involving":[18],"brain":[19,47,104],"activity":[20,130],"evoked":[21],"by":[22],"external":[23,218],"stimuli.":[24],"The":[25,121],"objective":[26],"of":[27,35,39,70,111,128,132,143,224],"this":[28],"study":[29],"is":[30,139],"to":[31,66,74,141,207,226],"investigate":[32],"feasibility":[34],"ear-EEGs":[36,71,225],"for":[37,183],"development":[38],"an":[40,209],"endogenous":[41,210],"BCI":[42,211],"system":[43,212],"that":[44,125,202],"uses":[45],"self-modulated":[46],"activity.":[48],"We":[49],"performed":[50,83,90],"preliminary":[51,78,122],"and":[52,62,79,85,88,94,118,170,172],"main":[53,80,155],"experiments":[54],"where":[55],"EEGs":[56],"were":[57,162],"scalp":[61],"behind":[63],"check":[67],"reliability":[69],"as":[72],"compared":[73],"scalp-EEGs.":[75],"In":[76,153],"experiments,":[81],"subjects":[82],"eyes-open":[84],"eyes-closed":[86],"tasks,":[87,98],"they":[89],"mental":[91],"arithmetic":[92],"(MA)":[93],"light":[95],"cognitive":[96,215],"(LC)":[97],"respectively.":[99],"For":[100],"data":[101],"analysis,":[102],"area":[105,135],"was":[106],"divided":[107],"into":[108],"four":[109,166],"regions":[110],"interest":[112],"(ROIs)":[113],"(i.e.,":[114],"frontal,":[115],"central,":[116],"occipital,":[117],"ear":[119,134,148,192],"area).":[120],"experiment":[123],"showed":[124,175],"degree":[127],"alpha":[129],"increase":[131],"with":[136],"eyes":[137],"closed":[138],"comparable":[140],"those":[142],"other":[144],"ROIs":[145,167,174],"(occipital":[146,190],">":[147,149,151],"central":[150,194],"frontal).":[152,196],"experiment,":[156],"similar":[157],"event-related":[158],"(de)synchronization":[159],"(ERD/ERS)":[160],"patterns":[161],"observed":[163],"between":[164],"during":[168],"MA":[169],"LC,":[171],"all":[173],"mean":[177],"classification":[178],"accuracies":[179],"above":[180],"70%":[181],"required":[182],"effective":[184],"binary":[185],"communication":[186],"(MA":[187],"vs.":[188],"LC)":[189],"=":[191,193,195],"From":[197],"results,":[199],"we":[200],"demonstrated":[201],"ear-EEG":[203],"can":[204],"be":[205,227],"develop":[208],"tasks":[216],"without":[217],"stimuli,":[219],"which":[220],"allows":[221],"usability":[223],"extended.":[228]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}