{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2793307691","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s18061858","title":"Automatic Detection and Classification of Audio Events for Road Surveillance Applications","display_name":"Automatic Detection and Classification of Audio Events for Road Surveillance Applications","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-06-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2793307691","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s18061858","mag":"2793307691","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29882825"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s18061858","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s18061858","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/6/1858/pdf?version=1528291952","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/6/1858/pdf?version=1528291952","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001020667","display_name":"Noor Almaadeed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8187-5228"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Noor Almaadeed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047694877","display_name":"Muhammad Asim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5976-7167"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Asim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017608892","display_name":"Somaya Al-M\u00e1adeed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0241-2899"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Somaya Al-Maadeed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0241-2899","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033623398","display_name":"Ahmed Bouridane","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1474-2772"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32394136","display_name":"Northumbria University","ror":"https://ror.org/049e6bc10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32394136"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Bouridane","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and Information Sciences, Northumbria University Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Information Sciences, Northumbria University Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32394136"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010658612","display_name":"Azeddine Beghdadi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5595-0615"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204730241","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/05f82e368","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204730241"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091279","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Sorbonne Paris Nord","ror":"https://ror.org/0199hds37","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091279"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091437","display_name":"Sorbonne Paris Cit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/001z21q04","country_code":"FR","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091437"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Azeddine Beghdadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["L2TI, Institut Galil\u00e9e, Universit\u00e9 Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cit\u00e9 99, Avenue J.B. Cl\u00e9ment, 93430 Villetaneuse, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"L2TI, Institut Galil\u00e9e, Universit\u00e9 Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cit\u00e9 99, Avenue J.B. Cl\u00e9ment, 93430 Villetaneuse, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204730241","https://openalex.org/I4210091279","https://openalex.org/I4210091437"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5001020667"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"fwci":5.5142,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":65,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96553738,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"6","first_page":"1858","last_page":"1858"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9861000180244446,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11606","display_name":"Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring","score":0.9829000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6268467307090759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.517939031124115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/event","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","score":0.4949626326560974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/audio-visual","display_name":"Audio visual","score":0.43684232234954834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-domain","display_name":"Frequency domain","score":0.4280019998550415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.409252405166626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.2534661293029785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.08696228265762329}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6268467307090759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.517939031124115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779662365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416694","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","level":2,"score":0.4949626326560974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017588708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q758901","display_name":"Audio visual","level":2,"score":0.43684232234954834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19118579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786423","display_name":"Frequency domain","level":2,"score":0.4280019998550415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.409252405166626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.2534661293029785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.08696228265762329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s18061858","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s18061858","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/6/1858/pdf?version=1528291952","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:29882825","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29882825","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:nrl.northumbria.ac.uk:34516","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/34516/1/Almadeed%20et%20al%20-%20Automatic%20Detection%20and%20Classification%20of%20Audio%20Events%20for%20Road%20Surveillance%20Applications%20AAM.docx","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401884","display_name":"Northumbria Research Link (Northumbria University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I32394136","host_organization_name":"Northumbria University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32394136"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:4978434","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6022152","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c63c1c61c4804d8f9d70502ca2d659fd","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c63c1c61c4804d8f9d70502ca2d659fd","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 18, Iss 6, p 1858 (2018)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/18/6/1858/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18061858","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:qspace.qu.edu.qa:10576/11877","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85048310896&origin=inward","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400014","display_name":"Qatar University QSpace (Qatar University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","host_organization_name":"Qatar University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s18061858","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s18061858","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/6/1858/pdf?version=1528291952","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.4099999964237213}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4634448879","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NPRP 8-140-2-065","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332753","funder_display_name":"Qatar National Research Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5132657378","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NPRP grant # NPRP8-140-2-065","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332753","funder_display_name":"Qatar National Research Fund"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309815","display_name":"Qatar Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/01cawbq05"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321038","display_name":"Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/039z13y21"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332753","display_name":"Qatar National Research Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/01svaqq28"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2793307691.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2793307691.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W5438179","https://openalex.org/W89771994","https://openalex.org/W821549425","https://openalex.org/W1481523241","https://openalex.org/W1927364623","https://openalex.org/W1968487420","https://openalex.org/W2007620635","https://openalex.org/W2015157307","https://openalex.org/W2045871908","https://openalex.org/W2047057867","https://openalex.org/W2074834023","https://openalex.org/W2089390156","https://openalex.org/W2097450352","https://openalex.org/W2110349562","https://openalex.org/W2115328820","https://openalex.org/W2115972319","https://openalex.org/W2118230268","https://openalex.org/W2121562595","https://openalex.org/W2128588152","https://openalex.org/W2135131618","https://openalex.org/W2135342008","https://openalex.org/W2140795960","https://openalex.org/W2149054612","https://openalex.org/W2153635508","https://openalex.org/W2154043763","https://openalex.org/W2154053567","https://openalex.org/W2156735859","https://openalex.org/W2160335114","https://openalex.org/W2165163503","https://openalex.org/W2170068989","https://openalex.org/W2290139716","https://openalex.org/W2292996718","https://openalex.org/W2296645466","https://openalex.org/W2339927096","https://openalex.org/W2417900547","https://openalex.org/W2462308570","https://openalex.org/W2513571904","https://openalex.org/W2556437173","https://openalex.org/W2761246525","https://openalex.org/W2767104497","https://openalex.org/W2782619427","https://openalex.org/W3109348583","https://openalex.org/W6682173217","https://openalex.org/W6748042853"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2271369634","https://openalex.org/W2350550760","https://openalex.org/W578794879","https://openalex.org/W2625296515","https://openalex.org/W3137890128","https://openalex.org/W4245955731","https://openalex.org/W2393726419","https://openalex.org/W2380912101","https://openalex.org/W1984634519","https://openalex.org/W2801048620"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,112],"work":[1],"investigates":[2],"the":[3,60,90,105,155,158],"problem":[4],"of":[5,92,108,127,157,172],"detecting":[6,162],"hazardous":[7,163],"events":[8,67,134,164],"on":[9,99,135,165],"roads":[10,136,166],"by":[11,169],"designing":[12],"an":[13,50],"audio":[14,95,100,138],"surveillance":[15,37,110],"system":[16],"that":[17,39,179],"automatically":[18],"detects":[19],"perilous":[20],"situations":[21],"such":[22,68,83,109],"as":[23,69,84,167],"car":[24,70],"crashes":[25,71],"and":[26,72,78,87,94,119,140,183],"tire":[27,73],"skidding.":[28],"In":[29],"recent":[30],"years,":[31],"research":[32],"has":[33],"shown":[34],"several":[35],"visual":[36,61],"systems":[38],"have":[40],"been":[41],"proposed":[42,159],"for":[43,161],"road":[44],"monitoring":[45],"to":[46,52,115,132],"detect":[47,65,133],"accidents":[48],"with":[49],"aim":[51],"improve":[53],"safety":[54],"procedures":[55],"in":[56],"emergency":[57],"cases.":[58],"However,":[59],"information":[62],"alone":[63],"cannot":[64],"certain":[66],"skidding,":[74],"especially":[75],"under":[76],"adverse":[77],"visually":[79],"cluttered":[80],"weather":[81],"conditions":[82],"snowfall,":[85],"rain,":[86],"fog.":[88],"Consequently,":[89],"incorporation":[91],"microphones":[93],"event":[96],"detectors":[97],"based":[98],"processing":[101],"can":[102],"significantly":[103],"enhance":[104],"detection":[106],"accuracy":[107,173],"systems.":[111],"paper":[113],"proposes":[114],"combine":[116],"time-domain,":[117],"frequency-domain,":[118],"joint":[120],"time-frequency":[121,129],"features":[122],"extracted":[123],"from":[124],"a":[125,147],"class":[126],"quadratic":[128],"distributions":[130],"(QTFDs)":[131],"through":[137],"analysis":[139],"processing.":[141],"Experiments":[142],"were":[143],"carried":[144],"out":[145],"using":[146],"publicly":[148],"available":[149],"dataset.":[150],"The":[151],"experimental":[152],"results":[153],"conform":[154],"effectiveness":[156],"approach":[160],"demonstrated":[168],"7%":[170],"improvement":[171],"rate":[174],"when":[175],"compared":[176],"against":[177],"methods":[178],"use":[180],"individual":[181],"temporal":[182],"spectral":[184],"features.":[185]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-08-01T09:00:35.917206","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
