{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2791486843","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s18030795","title":"A Novel Anti-Spoofing Solution for Iris Recognition Toward Cosmetic Contact Lens Attack Using Spectral ICA Analysis","display_name":"A Novel Anti-Spoofing Solution for Iris Recognition Toward Cosmetic Contact Lens Attack Using Spectral ICA Analysis","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-03-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2791486843","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s18030795","mag":"2791486843","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29509692"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s18030795","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s18030795","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/3/795/pdf?version=1520349344","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/3/795/pdf?version=1520349344","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057172510","display_name":"Sheng-Hsun Hsieh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2813-2286"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sheng-Hsun Hsieh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Photonics, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Photonics, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048205934","display_name":"Yung\u2010Hui Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0475-3689"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22265921","display_name":"National Central University","ror":"https://ror.org/00944ve71","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22265921"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yung-Hui Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science & Information Engineering, National Central University, 300 Zhongda Road, Zhongli District, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0475-3689","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science & Information Engineering, National Central University, 300 Zhongda Road, Zhongli District, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22265921"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100757829","display_name":"Wei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8598-0831"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Photonics, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Photonics, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113546072","display_name":"Chung-Hao Tien","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chung-Hao Tien","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Photonics, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Photonics, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5113546072"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":2.9913,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9220381,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"3","first_page":"795","last_page":"795"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13192","display_name":"Forensic Fingerprint Detection Methods","score":0.970300018787384,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9693999886512756,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iris-recognition","display_name":"Iris recognition","score":0.8744441270828247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6778279542922974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contact-lens","display_name":"Contact lens","score":0.6458579301834106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iris","display_name":"IRIS (biosensor)","score":0.6339977383613586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5595732927322388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.555298388004303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/independent-component-analysis","display_name":"Independent component analysis","score":0.5388891696929932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biometrics","display_name":"Biometrics","score":0.5375342965126038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spoofing-attack","display_name":"Spoofing attack","score":0.5238397121429443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lens","display_name":"Lens (geology)","score":0.5186354517936707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5028466582298279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.4205900728702545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2028902769088745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.1253976821899414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.11684688925743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ophthalmology","display_name":"Ophthalmology","score":0.0855109691619873}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112356035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1672722","display_name":"Iris recognition","level":3,"score":0.8744441270828247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6778279542922974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986805488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23797","display_name":"Contact lens","level":2,"score":0.6458579301834106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779503344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5973514","display_name":"IRIS (biosensor)","level":3,"score":0.6339977383613586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5595732927322388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.555298388004303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51432778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1259145","display_name":"Independent component analysis","level":2,"score":0.5388891696929932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184297639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177765","display_name":"Biometrics","level":2,"score":0.5375342965126038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167900197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11081100","display_name":"Spoofing attack","level":2,"score":0.5238397121429443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15336307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1766051","display_name":"Lens (geology)","level":2,"score":0.5186354517936707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5028466582298279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4205900728702545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2028902769088745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.1253976821899414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.11684688925743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118487528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437","display_name":"Ophthalmology","level":1,"score":0.0855109691619873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78762247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1273174","display_name":"Petroleum engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003358","descriptor_name":"Cosmetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003358","descriptor_name":"Cosmetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003358","descriptor_name":"Cosmetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007498","descriptor_name":"Iris","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007498","descriptor_name":"Iris","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007498","descriptor_name":"Iris","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016208","descriptor_name":"Databases, Factual","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016208","descriptor_name":"Databases, Factual","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016208","descriptor_name":"Databases, Factual","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s18030795","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s18030795","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/3/795/pdf?version=1520349344","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:29509692","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29509692","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:774ba4bf7ca94a138e6252e5067cb2c7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/774ba4bf7ca94a138e6252e5067cb2c7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 18, Iss 3, p 795 (2018)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:4796765","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5876747","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/18/3/795/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18030795","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 18; Issue 3; Pages: 795","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s18030795","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s18030795","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/3/795/pdf?version=1520349344","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1052468712","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 105-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3468423577","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 105","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5563719332","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"106-2221-E-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8746736249","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"106-2221-E-008","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","ror":"https://ror.org/02kv4zf79"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2791486843.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2791486843.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1503853200","https://openalex.org/W1534776754","https://openalex.org/W1551665079","https://openalex.org/W1856525733","https://openalex.org/W1879242765","https://openalex.org/W1923137425","https://openalex.org/W1924552359","https://openalex.org/W1974821667","https://openalex.org/W1983626212","https://openalex.org/W1986702455","https://openalex.org/W1992358283","https://openalex.org/W2001390602","https://openalex.org/W2011210363","https://openalex.org/W2014883954","https://openalex.org/W2022228241","https://openalex.org/W2024178148","https://openalex.org/W2025546194","https://openalex.org/W2032730676","https://openalex.org/W2044465660","https://openalex.org/W2049078578","https://openalex.org/W2051068139","https://openalex.org/W2068779413","https://openalex.org/W2075183129","https://openalex.org/W2083811603","https://openalex.org/W2092389652","https://openalex.org/W2122759487","https://openalex.org/W2133295669","https://openalex.org/W2134408546","https://openalex.org/W2142256325","https://openalex.org/W2142358292","https://openalex.org/W2151103935","https://openalex.org/W2151532442","https://openalex.org/W2151587461","https://openalex.org/W2159907681","https://openalex.org/W2163352848","https://openalex.org/W2171759622","https://openalex.org/W2214328505","https://openalex.org/W2535781533","https://openalex.org/W2541326295","https://openalex.org/W2559574334","https://openalex.org/W2613902731","https://openalex.org/W2730947821","https://openalex.org/W6678326819"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2162640687","https://openalex.org/W2151970936","https://openalex.org/W2557390811","https://openalex.org/W2355560018","https://openalex.org/W2147209541","https://openalex.org/W2952386695","https://openalex.org/W4231710054","https://openalex.org/W2027539209","https://openalex.org/W2563133041","https://openalex.org/W2759939383"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"study,":[2],"we":[3,30],"maneuvered":[4],"a":[5,16,56],"dual-band":[6],"spectral":[7,28],"imaging":[8],"system":[9],"to":[10,25,85],"capture":[11],"an":[12],"iridal":[13],"image":[14,61],"from":[15,37,50,63,81],"cosmetic-contact-lens-wearing":[17],"subject.":[18],"By":[19],"using":[20],"the":[21,33,38,46,51,68,72,90],"independent":[22],"component":[23],"analysis":[24],"separate":[26],"individual":[27],"primitives,":[29],"successfully":[31],"distinguished":[32],"natural":[34],"iris":[35,48],"texture":[36],"cosmetic":[39],"contact":[40],"lens":[41],"(CCL)":[42],"pattern,":[43],"and":[44],"restored":[45],"genuine":[47],"patterns":[49],"CCL-polluted":[52],"image.":[53],"Based":[54],"on":[55],"database":[57],"containing":[58],"200":[59],"test":[60],"pairs":[62],"20":[64],"CCL-wearing":[65],"subjects":[66],"as":[67],"proof":[69],"of":[70],"concept,":[71],"recognition":[73],"accuracy":[74],"(False":[75],"Rejection":[76],"Rate:":[77],"FRR)":[78],"was":[79],"improved":[80],"FRR":[82,86],"=":[83,87],"10.52%":[84],"0.57%":[88],"with":[89],"proposed":[91],"ICA":[92],"anti-spoofing":[93],"scheme.":[94]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
