{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2792770866","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s18030758","title":"Nonlinear Errors Resulting from Ghost Reflection and Its Coupling with Optical Mixing in Heterodyne Laser Interferometers","display_name":"Nonlinear Errors Resulting from Ghost Reflection and Its Coupling with Optical Mixing in Heterodyne Laser Interferometers","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-03-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2792770866","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s18030758","mag":"2792770866","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29498685"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s18030758","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s18030758","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/3/758/pdf?version=1519994168","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/3/758/pdf?version=1519994168","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017150314","display_name":"Haijin Fu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9695-9544"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haijin Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Ultra-Precision Optoelectronic Instrument Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China","Postdoctoral Research Station of Optical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Ultra-Precision Optoelectronic Instrument Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Postdoctoral Research Station of Optical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100658423","display_name":"Yue Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3642-0301"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yue Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Ultra-Precision Optoelectronic Instrument Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Ultra-Precision Optoelectronic Instrument Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061422815","display_name":"Pengcheng Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2471-7036"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pengcheng Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Ultra-Precision Optoelectronic Instrument Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2471-7036","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Ultra-Precision Optoelectronic Instrument Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090605103","display_name":"Jiubin Tan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0941-7932"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiubin Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Ultra-Precision Optoelectronic Instrument Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Ultra-Precision Optoelectronic Instrument Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032649501","display_name":"Zhigang Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4628-1915"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhigang Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Postdoctoral Research Station of Optical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Postdoctoral Research Station of Optical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5061422815"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":1.5378,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80839623,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"3","first_page":"758","last_page":"758"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11583","display_name":"Advanced Measurement and Metrology Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11583","display_name":"Advanced Measurement and Metrology Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10988","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Laser Technologies","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13049","display_name":"Surface Roughness and Optical Measurements","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astronomical-interferometer","display_name":"Astronomical interferometer","score":0.7748463749885559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.7094985842704773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coupling","display_name":"Coupling (piping)","score":0.644203245639801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heterodyne","display_name":"Heterodyne (poetry)","score":0.6393539309501648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reflection","display_name":"Reflection (computer programming)","score":0.5738976001739502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser","display_name":"Laser","score":0.5629781484603882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.5503243803977966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mixing","display_name":"Mixing (physics)","score":0.5397864580154419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heterodyne-detection","display_name":"Heterodyne detection","score":0.5307949185371399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.5279297828674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interferometry","display_name":"Interferometry","score":0.45405063033103943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-optics","display_name":"Nonlinear optics","score":0.4524662494659424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/four-wave-mixing","display_name":"Four-wave mixing","score":0.446103036403656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.2553672194480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.25343912839889526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.23864513635635376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.11394309997558594}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23576306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17004698","display_name":"Astronomical interferometer","level":3,"score":0.7748463749885559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.7094985842704773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131584629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4308705","display_name":"Coupling (piping)","level":2,"score":0.644203245639801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780497637","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16938394","display_name":"Heterodyne (poetry)","level":2,"score":0.6393539309501648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65682993","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1056451","display_name":"Reflection (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.5738976001739502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.5629781484603882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.5503243803977966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138777275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6884054","display_name":"Mixing (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5397864580154419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204003914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q760140","display_name":"Heterodyne detection","level":3,"score":0.5307949185371399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.5279297828674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166689943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850283","display_name":"Interferometry","level":2,"score":0.45405063033103943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78854221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q756033","display_name":"Nonlinear optics","level":3,"score":0.4524662494659424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146363664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1424759","display_name":"Four-wave mixing","level":4,"score":0.446103036403656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.2553672194480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.25343912839889526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.23864513635635376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.11394309997558594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s18030758","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s18030758","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/3/758/pdf?version=1519994168","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:29498685","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29498685","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:4797013","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5877298","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/18/3/758/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18030758","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 18; Issue 3; Pages: 758","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s18030758","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s18030758","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/3/758/pdf?version=1519994168","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2377897942","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51675138","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2880492006","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61675058","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6941133644","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"91536224","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6984102123","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51605120","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2792770866.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2792770866.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1977004163","https://openalex.org/W1985038612","https://openalex.org/W1991247924","https://openalex.org/W1991735935","https://openalex.org/W2007524978","https://openalex.org/W2013928079","https://openalex.org/W2029012601","https://openalex.org/W2032918888","https://openalex.org/W2041789722","https://openalex.org/W2069439625","https://openalex.org/W2070527724","https://openalex.org/W2071103558","https://openalex.org/W2072588726","https://openalex.org/W2075693964","https://openalex.org/W2084384988","https://openalex.org/W2110430660","https://openalex.org/W2297240046","https://openalex.org/W2588728233","https://openalex.org/W2745929523","https://openalex.org/W2774909030","https://openalex.org/W4234010574"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2027773797","https://openalex.org/W2047104693","https://openalex.org/W4320929577","https://openalex.org/W2093167008","https://openalex.org/W1964388845","https://openalex.org/W2364953721","https://openalex.org/W1998735284","https://openalex.org/W2121467892","https://openalex.org/W2378288134","https://openalex.org/W2357206083"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Even":[0],"after":[1,160],"the":[2,29,102,112,120,133,136,149,156],"Heydemann":[3,137],"correction,":[4,138],"residual":[5,157],"nonlinear":[6,50,84,104,158],"errors,":[7],"ranging":[8],"from":[9,87],"hundreds":[10],"of":[11,31,71,135],"picometers":[12],"to":[13,101,119],"several":[14],"nanometers,":[15],"are":[16],"still":[17],"found":[18],"in":[19],"heterodyne":[20],"laser":[21],"interferometers.":[22],"This":[23],"is":[24,61,162],"a":[25,48,98,126],"crucial":[26],"factor":[27],"impeding":[28],"realization":[30],"picometer":[32],"level":[33],"metrology,":[34],"but":[35],"its":[36,91],"source":[37],"and":[38,56,63,82,90],"mechanism":[39],"have":[40,96],"barely":[41],"been":[42],"investigated.":[43],"To":[44],"study":[45],"this":[46,72,142],"problem,":[47],"novel":[49],"model":[51],"based":[52],"on":[53,111],"optical":[54,94],"mixing":[55],"coupling":[57,92],"with":[58,93],"ghost":[59,88,122,128,166],"reflection":[60,89,129],"proposed":[62],"then":[64],"verified":[65],"by":[66,165],"experiments.":[67],"After":[68],"intense":[69],"investigation":[70],"new":[73,79],"model's":[74],"influence,":[75],"results":[76],"indicate":[77],"that":[78],"additional":[80],"high-order":[81],"negative-order":[83],"harmonics,":[85],"arising":[86],"mixing,":[95],"only":[97,164],"negligible":[99],"contribution":[100],"overall":[103],"error.":[105],"In":[106],"real":[107],"applications,":[108],"any":[109],"effect":[110],"Lissajous":[113],"trajectory":[114],"might":[115],"be":[116],"invisible":[117],"due":[118],"small":[121],"reflectance.":[123,167],"However,":[124],"even":[125,140],"tiny":[127],"can":[130],"significantly":[131],"worsen":[132],"effectiveness":[134],"or":[139],"make":[141],"correction":[143,161],"completely":[144],"ineffective,":[145],"i.e.,":[146],"compensation":[147],"makes":[148],"error":[150,159],"larger":[151],"rather":[152],"than":[153],"smaller.":[154],"Moreover,":[155],"dominated":[163]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
