{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2789938641","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s18030723","title":"Ppbv-Level Ethane Detection Using Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy with a Continuous-Wave, Room Temperature Interband Cascade Laser","display_name":"Ppbv-Level Ethane Detection Using Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy with a Continuous-Wave, Room Temperature Interband Cascade Laser","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-02-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2789938641","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s18030723","mag":"2789938641","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29495610"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s18030723","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s18030723","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/3/723/pdf?version=1519823612","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/3/723/pdf?version=1519823612","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100654345","display_name":"Chunguang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6387-6881"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181877577","display_name":"Shanxi University","ror":"https://ror.org/03y3e3s17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181877577"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091786","display_name":"State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/00g102351","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716","https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210091786","https://openalex.org/I4210149211","https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152006","display_name":"Jilin Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/05dmhhd41","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4392738299","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices","ror":"https://ror.org/035z18f46","country_code":null,"type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181877577","https://openalex.org/I4392738299"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74775410","display_name":"Rice University","ror":"https://ror.org/008zs3103","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74775410"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunguang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, USA","National Engineering Research Center of Geophysics Exploration Instruments, College of Instrumentation & Electrical Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China","State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China","State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152006","https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74775410"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Research Center of Geophysics Exploration Instruments, College of Instrumentation & Electrical Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181877577","https://openalex.org/I4392738299"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091786","https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015869047","display_name":"Lei Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7379-3388"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181877577","display_name":"Shanxi University","ror":"https://ror.org/03y3e3s17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181877577"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4392738299","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices","ror":"https://ror.org/035z18f46","country_code":null,"type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181877577","https://openalex.org/I4392738299"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74775410","display_name":"Rice University","ror":"https://ror.org/008zs3103","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74775410"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lei Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, USA","State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7379-3388","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74775410"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181877577","https://openalex.org/I4392738299"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085699639","display_name":"Chuantao Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8008-466X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091786","display_name":"State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/00g102351","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716","https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210091786","https://openalex.org/I4210149211","https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74775410","display_name":"Rice University","ror":"https://ror.org/008zs3103","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74775410"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chuantao Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, USA","State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74775410"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091786","https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001260948","display_name":"Jun Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6772-317X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering Research Center of Geophysics Exploration Instruments, College of Instrumentation & Electrical Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Research Center of Geophysics Exploration Instruments, College of Instrumentation & Electrical Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100607420","display_name":"Yiding Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7621-6188"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091786","display_name":"State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/00g102351","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716","https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210091786","https://openalex.org/I4210149211","https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiding Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091786","https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076939563","display_name":"Frank K. Tittel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2245-7565"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74775410","display_name":"Rice University","ror":"https://ror.org/008zs3103","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74775410"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frank Tittel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2245-7565","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74775410"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015869047"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181877577","https://openalex.org/I4392738299","https://openalex.org/I74775410"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":1.4176,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.775732,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"3","first_page":"723","last_page":"723"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11111","display_name":"Spectroscopy and Laser Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11111","display_name":"Spectroscopy and Laser Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11588","display_name":"Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11320","display_name":"Atmospheric Ozone and Climate","score":0.9926000237464905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photoacoustic-spectroscopy","display_name":"Photoacoustic spectroscopy","score":0.7927470207214355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/allan-variance","display_name":"Allan variance","score":0.741599440574646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-delay-and-integration","display_name":"Time delay and integration","score":0.7254427671432495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-cascade-laser","display_name":"Quantum cascade laser","score":0.6574963331222534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser","display_name":"Laser","score":0.6346753239631653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detection-limit","display_name":"Detection limit","score":0.6281942129135132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelength","display_name":"Wavelength","score":0.5778066515922546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/continuous-wave","display_name":"Continuous wave","score":0.5479941964149475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectroscopy","display_name":"Spectroscopy","score":0.5352340936660767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.506330132484436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/absorption","display_name":"Absorption (acoustics)","score":0.48564115166664124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.47424596548080444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.4561064541339874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tunable-diode-laser-absorption-spectroscopy","display_name":"Tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy","score":0.45317205786705017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/absorption-spectroscopy","display_name":"Absorption spectroscopy","score":0.4503251612186432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parts-per-notation","display_name":"Parts-per notation","score":0.4451008141040802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.4423756003379822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","score":0.4233630299568176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.35498490929603577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.2909838557243347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tunable-laser","display_name":"Tunable laser","score":0.27939164638519287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.14825081825256348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.08714756369590759}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777286522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900415","display_name":"Photoacoustic spectroscopy","level":3,"score":0.7927470207214355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5722023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1440227","display_name":"Allan variance","level":3,"score":0.741599440574646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96566525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7805282","display_name":"Time delay and integration","level":2,"score":0.7254427671432495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776957298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1407411","display_name":"Quantum cascade laser","level":3,"score":0.6574963331222534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.6346753239631653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119128265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900165","display_name":"Detection limit","level":2,"score":0.6281942129135132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6260449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41364","display_name":"Wavelength","level":2,"score":0.5778066515922546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99568719","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1129003","display_name":"Continuous wave","level":3,"score":0.5479941964149475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32891209","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483666","display_name":"Spectroscopy","level":2,"score":0.5352340936660767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.506330132484436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125287762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1758948","display_name":"Absorption (acoustics)","level":2,"score":0.48564115166664124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.47424596548080444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.4561064541339874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103324678","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q592333","display_name":"Tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy","level":4,"score":0.45317205786705017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119824511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13553575","display_name":"Absorption spectroscopy","level":2,"score":0.4503251612186432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56819118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27084","display_name":"Parts-per notation","level":2,"score":0.4451008141040802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.4423756003379822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.4233630299568176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.35498490929603577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.2909838557243347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97749803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3753940","display_name":"Tunable laser","level":3,"score":0.27939164638519287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.14825081825256348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.08714756369590759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22679943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159375","display_name":"Standard deviation","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s18030723","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s18030723","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/3/723/pdf?version=1519823612","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:29495610","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29495610","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f28d7f07a2734a2b8aa6d7f736ee4fd2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f28d7f07a2734a2b8aa6d7f736ee4fd2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 18, Iss 3, p 723 (2018)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:4796646","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5876592","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarship.rice.edu:1911/102410","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1911/102410","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401268","display_name":"Rice Digital Scholarship Archive (Rice University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I74775410","host_organization_name":"Rice University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74775410"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s18030723","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s18030723","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/3/723/pdf?version=1519823612","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.6499999761581421,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2750870315","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61575113","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2964056115","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61622503","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3157559788","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017QNSJXZ-04","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4102298838","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61622503, 61575113, 61307124","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G605495246","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"201506175025","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","funder_display_name":"China Scholarship Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7459685366","display_name":"\u6df1\u90e8\u91c7\u52a8\u4e0b\u7ea2\u5916\u74e6\u65af\u4f20\u611f\u7279\u6027\u81f4\u53d8\u6a21\u5f0f\u53ca\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u68c0\u6d4b\u673a\u5236\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61307124","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7628674347","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BX201700100","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335768","funder_display_name":"National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7976184908","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"14KG022","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","display_name":"China Scholarship Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04atp4p48"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335768","display_name":"National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2789938641.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1921958149","https://openalex.org/W1990955206","https://openalex.org/W1991027011","https://openalex.org/W2004877012","https://openalex.org/W2006268576","https://openalex.org/W2016850367","https://openalex.org/W2031122079","https://openalex.org/W2036518709","https://openalex.org/W2045283659","https://openalex.org/W2046956470","https://openalex.org/W2047725654","https://openalex.org/W2050135588","https://openalex.org/W2059651151","https://openalex.org/W2065898001","https://openalex.org/W2067154623","https://openalex.org/W2070427364","https://openalex.org/W2079236384","https://openalex.org/W2089236773","https://openalex.org/W2091791384","https://openalex.org/W2103747864","https://openalex.org/W2118063803","https://openalex.org/W2118630924","https://openalex.org/W2124585275","https://openalex.org/W2133085804","https://openalex.org/W2168688090","https://openalex.org/W2171010575","https://openalex.org/W2301239990","https://openalex.org/W2559778457","https://openalex.org/W2612387648","https://openalex.org/W6675417515"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4247067409","https://openalex.org/W1725580113","https://openalex.org/W2117984434","https://openalex.org/W3024513910","https://openalex.org/W4362720734","https://openalex.org/W2304785969","https://openalex.org/W3205077045","https://openalex.org/W2348569486","https://openalex.org/W2789938641","https://openalex.org/W2964652643"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,106],"ppbv-level":[1],"quartz-enhanced":[2],"photoacoustic":[3],"spectroscopy":[4,47],"(QEPAS)-based":[5],"ethane":[6],"(C2H6)":[7],"sensor":[8,98],"was":[9,27,57,99,117],"demonstrated":[10],"by":[11,141],"using":[12,101],"a":[13,31,120],"3.3":[14],"\u03bcm":[15],"continuous-wave":[16],"(CW),":[17],"distributed":[18],"feedback":[19],"(DFB)":[20],"interband":[21],"cascade":[22],"laser":[23,74],"(ICL).":[24],"The":[25],"ICL":[26],"employed":[28],"for":[29,88],"targeting":[30],"strong":[32],"C2H6":[33,104],"absorption":[34,43],"line":[35],"located":[36],"at":[37],"2996.88":[38],"cm\u22121":[39],"in":[40,114],"its":[41],"fundamental":[42],"band.":[44],"Wavelength":[45],"modulation":[46,76],"(WMS)":[48],"combined":[49],"with":[50,119],"the":[51,61,90,96,131,143],"second":[52],"harmonic":[53],"(2f)":[54],"detection":[55,107,132],"technique":[56],"utilized":[58],"to":[59,80,138,147],"increase":[60],"signal-to-noise":[62],"ratio":[63],"(SNR)":[64],"and":[65,69,73,84,130],"simplify":[66],"data":[67],"acquisition":[68],"processing.":[70],"Gas":[71],"pressure":[72],"frequency":[75],"depth":[77],"were":[78],"optimized":[79],"be":[81,135],"100":[82],"Torr":[83],"0.106":[85],"cm\u22121,":[86],"respectively,":[87],"maximizing":[89],"2f":[91],"signal":[92],"amplitude.":[93],"Performance":[94],"of":[95,109],"QEPAS":[97],"evaluated":[100],"specially":[102],"prepared":[103],"samples.":[105],"limit":[108],"11":[110],"parts":[111],"per":[112],"billion":[113],"volume":[115],"(ppbv)":[116],"obtained":[118],"1-s":[121],"integration":[122,144],"time":[123,145],"based":[124],"on":[125],"an":[126],"Allan-Werle":[127],"variance":[128],"analysis,":[129],"precision":[133],"can":[134],"further":[136],"improved":[137],"~1.5":[139],"ppbv":[140],"increasing":[142],"up":[146],"230":[148],"s.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-22T06:13:13.366637","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
