{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2793018423","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s18020512","title":"A Dynamic Approach to Rebalancing Bike-Sharing Systems","display_name":"A Dynamic Approach to Rebalancing Bike-Sharing Systems","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-02-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2793018423","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s18020512","mag":"2793018423","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29419771"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s18020512","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s18020512","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/2/512/pdf?version=1518094026","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/2/512/pdf?version=1518094026","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031458924","display_name":"Federico Chiariotti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7915-7275"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138689650","display_name":"University of Padua","ror":"https://ror.org/00240q980","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Federico Chiariotti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, 35131 Padova PD, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, 35131 Padova PD, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052908547","display_name":"Chiara Pielli","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138689650","display_name":"University of Padua","ror":"https://ror.org/00240q980","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chiara Pielli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, 35131 Padova PD, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, 35131 Padova PD, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008187510","display_name":"Andr\u00e9a Zanella","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3671-5190"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138689650","display_name":"University of Padua","ror":"https://ror.org/00240q980","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Andrea Zanella","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, 35131 Padova PD, Italy","Human Inspired Technologies (HIT) Research Center, University of Padova, 35131 Padova PD, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, 35131 Padova PD, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Human Inspired Technologies (HIT) Research Center, University of Padova, 35131 Padova PD, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005894115","display_name":"Michele Zorzi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2870-4678"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138689650","display_name":"University of Padua","ror":"https://ror.org/00240q980","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michele Zorzi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, 35131 Padova PD, Italy","Human Inspired Technologies (HIT) Research Center, University of Padova, 35131 Padova PD, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, 35131 Padova PD, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Human Inspired Technologies (HIT) Research Center, University of Padova, 35131 Padova PD, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008187510"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":23.8624,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":142,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99524399,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"2","first_page":"512","last_page":"512"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10298","display_name":"Urban Transport and Accessibility","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10298","display_name":"Urban Transport and Accessibility","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10698","display_name":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11942","display_name":"Transportation and Mobility Innovations","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6849237680435181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bike-sharing","display_name":"Bike sharing","score":0.6448589563369751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.5936214923858643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schedule","display_name":"Schedule","score":0.5507845878601074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traffic-congestion","display_name":"Traffic congestion","score":0.5050066113471985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/truck","display_name":"Truck","score":0.5039998888969421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.492364764213562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.45783117413520813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/order","display_name":"Order (exchange)","score":0.4144345223903656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.41212761402130127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.4111339747905731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.28663724660873413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.16378933191299438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15048518776893616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-management","display_name":"Operations management","score":0.13314136862754822}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6849237680435181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994001137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1358919","display_name":"Bike sharing","level":2,"score":0.6448589563369751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.5936214923858643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68387754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7271585","display_name":"Schedule","level":2,"score":0.5507845878601074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779888511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q244156","display_name":"Traffic congestion","level":2,"score":0.5050066113471985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52121051","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43193","display_name":"Truck","level":2,"score":0.5039998888969421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.492364764213562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.45783117413520813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.4144345223903656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.41212761402130127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.4111339747905731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.28663724660873413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.16378933191299438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15048518776893616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.13314136862754822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s18020512","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s18020512","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/2/512/pdf?version=1518094026","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:29419771","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29419771","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:905177e4f23f46f3bf633c7a25a64214","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/905177e4f23f46f3bf633c7a25a64214","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 18, Iss 2, p 512 (2018)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/18/2/512/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18020512","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 18; Issue 2; Pages: 512","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:5856052","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5856052","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.research.unipd.it:11577/3255771","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3255771","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196283","display_name":"Research Padua  Archive (University of Padua)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I138689650","host_organization_name":"University of Padua","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s18020512","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s18020512","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/2/512/pdf?version=1518094026","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.75,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2793018423.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2793018423.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W109636739","https://openalex.org/W1129526491","https://openalex.org/W1970180010","https://openalex.org/W1978445248","https://openalex.org/W1979411729","https://openalex.org/W2016769493","https://openalex.org/W2022667068","https://openalex.org/W2029422051","https://openalex.org/W2029681015","https://openalex.org/W2032251915","https://openalex.org/W2040282510","https://openalex.org/W2040947194","https://openalex.org/W2043179846","https://openalex.org/W2044121814","https://openalex.org/W2051496781","https://openalex.org/W2054274567","https://openalex.org/W2058401212","https://openalex.org/W2058481364","https://openalex.org/W2066906122","https://openalex.org/W2074069971","https://openalex.org/W2078209746","https://openalex.org/W2079870008","https://openalex.org/W2080964701","https://openalex.org/W2083717481","https://openalex.org/W2095204134","https://openalex.org/W2099225386","https://openalex.org/W2105560970","https://openalex.org/W2120743121","https://openalex.org/W2121204839","https://openalex.org/W2124708011","https://openalex.org/W2130121832","https://openalex.org/W2151828736","https://openalex.org/W2153311596","https://openalex.org/W2179770505","https://openalex.org/W2205199926","https://openalex.org/W2213147230","https://openalex.org/W2247816666","https://openalex.org/W2262021895","https://openalex.org/W2294139373","https://openalex.org/W2398810887","https://openalex.org/W2425858923","https://openalex.org/W2440547490","https://openalex.org/W2516505612","https://openalex.org/W2523826194","https://openalex.org/W2562573815","https://openalex.org/W2574779741","https://openalex.org/W2582307557","https://openalex.org/W2624735749","https://openalex.org/W3118260104","https://openalex.org/W3124730894","https://openalex.org/W6732274465","https://openalex.org/W6775794996"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W17155033","https://openalex.org/W3207760230","https://openalex.org/W1496222301","https://openalex.org/W1590307681","https://openalex.org/W4312814274","https://openalex.org/W4285370786","https://openalex.org/W2296488620","https://openalex.org/W2358353312","https://openalex.org/W2353836703","https://openalex.org/W2903104999"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Bike-sharing":[0],"services":[1,24],"are":[2,25,57],"flourishing":[3],"in":[4,45,53,65,90],"Smart":[5],"Cities":[6],"worldwide.":[7],"They":[8],"provide":[9],"a":[10,74,141,159],"low-cost":[11],"and":[12,16,29,51,87,103,109,117],"environment-friendly":[13],"transportation":[14],"alternative":[15],"help":[17],"reduce":[18],"traffic":[19],"congestion.":[20],"However,":[21],"these":[22],"new":[23],"still":[26],"under":[27],"development,":[28],"several":[30],"challenges":[31],"need":[32],"to":[33,47,82,98,106,112,145,147],"be":[34],"solved.":[35],"A":[36],"major":[37],"problem":[38],"is":[39],"the":[40,54,63,66,84,100,114,118,123,127,148,152],"management":[41],"of":[42,92,151],"rebalancing":[43,76,115,155],"trucks":[44],"order":[46],"ensure":[48],"that":[49,78,140],"bikes":[50],"stalls":[52],"docking":[55],"stations":[56,119],"always":[58],"available":[59],"when":[60,105],"needed,":[61],"despite":[62],"fluctuations":[64],"service":[67],"demand.":[68],"In":[69],"this":[70],"work,":[71],"we":[72],"propose":[73],"dynamic":[75,142],"strategy":[77,143],"exploits":[79],"historical":[80],"data":[81,128],"predict":[83],"network":[85,153],"conditions":[86],"promptly":[88],"act":[89],"case":[91],"necessity.":[93],"We":[94,121],"use":[95],"Birth-Death":[96],"Processes":[97],"model":[99],"stations'":[101],"occupancy":[102],"decide":[104],"redistribute":[107],"bikes,":[108],"graph":[110],"theory":[111],"select":[113],"path":[116],"involved.":[120],"validate":[122],"proposed":[124],"framework":[125],"on":[126,158],"provided":[129],"by":[130],"New":[131],"York":[132],"City's":[133],"bike-sharing":[134],"system.":[135],"The":[136],"numerical":[137],"simulations":[138],"show":[139],"able":[144],"adapt":[146],"fluctuating":[149],"nature":[150],"outperforms":[154],"schemes":[156],"based":[157],"static":[160],"schedule.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-12T07:58:50.170612","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}