{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2781171210","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s17122930","title":"Estimation of the Botanical Composition of Clover-Grass Leys from RGB Images Using Data Simulation and Fully Convolutional Neural Networks","display_name":"Estimation of the Botanical Composition of Clover-Grass Leys from RGB Images Using Data Simulation and Fully Convolutional Neural Networks","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-12-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2781171210","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s17122930","mag":"2781171210","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29258215"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s17122930","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s17122930","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/17/12/2930/pdf?version=1513679704","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/17/12/2930/pdf?version=1513679704","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012280920","display_name":"S\u00f8ren Skovsen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6222-3005"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204337017","display_name":"Aarhus University","ror":"https://ror.org/01aj84f44","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204337017"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"S\u00f8ren Skovsen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering, Aarhus University, Finlandsgade 22, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering, Aarhus University, Finlandsgade 22, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204337017"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088817547","display_name":"Mads Dyrmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6510-1609"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204337017","display_name":"Aarhus University","ror":"https://ror.org/01aj84f44","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204337017"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mads Dyrmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering, Aarhus University, Finlandsgade 22, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering, Aarhus University, Finlandsgade 22, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204337017"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041049308","display_name":"Anders Krogh Mortensen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8773-635X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204337017","display_name":"Aarhus University","ror":"https://ror.org/01aj84f44","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204337017"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anders Mortensen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Fors\u00f8gsvej 1, 4200 Slagelse, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Fors\u00f8gsvej 1, 4200 Slagelse, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204337017"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063513679","display_name":"Kim Arild Steen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210103281","display_name":"Agro Business Park","ror":"https://ror.org/014xsev03","country_code":"DK","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210103281"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kim Steen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Agro Intelligence ApS, Agro Food Park 13, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Agro Intelligence ApS, Agro Food Park 13, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210103281"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008210431","display_name":"Ole Green","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210103281","display_name":"Agro Business Park","ror":"https://ror.org/014xsev03","country_code":"DK","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210103281"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ole Green","raw_affiliation_strings":["Agro Intelligence ApS, Agro Food Park 13, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Agro Intelligence ApS, Agro Food Park 13, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210103281"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049870993","display_name":"J\u00f8rgen Eriksen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4622-7660"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204337017","display_name":"Aarhus University","ror":"https://ror.org/01aj84f44","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204337017"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J\u00f8rgen Eriksen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers All\u00e9 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers All\u00e9 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204337017"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032499599","display_name":"Ren\u00e9 Gislum","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1432-4781"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204337017","display_name":"Aarhus University","ror":"https://ror.org/01aj84f44","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204337017"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ren\u00e9 Gislum","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Fors\u00f8gsvej 1, 4200 Slagelse, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Fors\u00f8gsvej 1, 4200 Slagelse, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204337017"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000548850","display_name":"Rasmus Nyholm J\u00f8rgensen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1329-1674"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204337017","display_name":"Aarhus University","ror":"https://ror.org/01aj84f44","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204337017"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rasmus J\u00f8rgensen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering, Aarhus University, Finlandsgade 22, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering, Aarhus University, Finlandsgade 22, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204337017"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008668056","display_name":"Henrik Karstoft","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3739-8983"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204337017","display_name":"Aarhus University","ror":"https://ror.org/01aj84f44","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204337017"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Henrik Karstoft","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering, Aarhus University, Finlandsgade 22, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering, Aarhus University, Finlandsgade 22, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204337017"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5012280920"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204337017"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":10.1313,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":42,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97584325,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"12","first_page":"2930","last_page":"2930"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11796","display_name":"Horticultural and Viticultural Research","score":0.9840999841690063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rgb-color-model","display_name":"RGB color model","score":0.7392596006393433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.5314651131629944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/red-clover","display_name":"Red Clover","score":0.5308626294136047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dry-matter","display_name":"Dry matter","score":0.5288276076316833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.5204927325248718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.48384490609169006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4766165316104889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agronomy","display_name":"Agronomy","score":0.4634513556957245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weed","display_name":"Weed","score":0.4405120313167572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4011012017726898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3395944833755493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.17271077632904053}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82990744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166194","display_name":"RGB color model","level":2,"score":0.7392596006393433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.5314651131629944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776702220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156635","display_name":"Red Clover","level":2,"score":0.5308626294136047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780138947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q393855","display_name":"Dry matter","level":2,"score":0.5288276076316833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.5204927325248718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.48384490609169006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4766165316104889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.4634513556957245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775891814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101879","display_name":"Weed","level":2,"score":0.4405120313167572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4011012017726898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3395944833755493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.17271077632904053}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s17122930","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s17122930","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/17/12/2930/pdf?version=1513679704","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:29258215","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29258215","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire/780b306b-da82-423f-8e00-39137906b011","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pure.au.dk/portal/en/publications/780b306b-da82-423f-8e00-39137906b011","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Skovsen, S, Dyrmann, M, Mortensen, A K, Steen, K A, Green, O, Eriksen, J, Gislum, R, Nyholm J\u00f8rgensen, R & Karstoft, H 2017, 'Estimation of the Botanical Composition of Clover-Grass Leys from RGB Images Using Data Simulation and Fully Convolutional Neural Networks', Sensors, vol. 17, no. 12, 2930. https://doi.org/10.3390/s17122930","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e6e80cf2cba9499ba669503d82651697","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e6e80cf2cba9499ba669503d82651697","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 17, Iss 12, p 2930 (2017)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/17/12/2930/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s17122930","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 17; Issue 12; Pages: 2930","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:5751073","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5751073","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s17122930","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s17122930","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/17/12/2930/pdf?version=1513679704","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7230509946","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"6159-00001B","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313796","funder_display_name":"Innovationsfonden"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313796","display_name":"Innovationsfonden","ror":"https://ror.org/00daj4111"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331737","display_name":"Gr\u00f8nt Udviklings- og Demonstrations Program","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2781171210.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2781171210.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1903029394","https://openalex.org/W1978249838","https://openalex.org/W1981648165","https://openalex.org/W1981678250","https://openalex.org/W1982583221","https://openalex.org/W2016095549","https://openalex.org/W2034224790","https://openalex.org/W2049164025","https://openalex.org/W2088236893","https://openalex.org/W2090353736","https://openalex.org/W2101420780","https://openalex.org/W2104932304","https://openalex.org/W2143929793","https://openalex.org/W2161381512","https://openalex.org/W2162638358","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2168908264","https://openalex.org/W2290067118","https://openalex.org/W2581094540","https://openalex.org/W2624423843"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2339415133","https://openalex.org/W169405665","https://openalex.org/W2478948919","https://openalex.org/W1992528192","https://openalex.org/W2002003016","https://openalex.org/W2008953672","https://openalex.org/W2393805954","https://openalex.org/W3037190648","https://openalex.org/W4256513111","https://openalex.org/W1540138918"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Optimal":[0],"fertilization":[1],"of":[2,8,41,53,60,78,89,102,121,167,180],"clover-grass":[3,54,91,103],"fields":[4,27],"relies":[5],"on":[6,98,154],"knowledge":[7,18],"the":[9,61,65,74,79,107,127,143,171],"clover":[10,58,76,174],"and":[11,44,49,86,113,160],"grass":[12],"fractions.":[13],"This":[14,105],"study":[15],"shows":[16],"how":[17],"can":[19],"be":[20,70],"obtained":[21],"by":[22],"analyzing":[23],"images":[24,52,66,101,123,145,155],"collected":[25],"in":[26,46,116],"automatically.":[28],"A":[29],"fully":[30],"convolutional":[31],"neural":[32],"network":[33,94,108,151],"was":[34,95,152],"trained":[35,96],"to":[36,69,109,130,136],"create":[37],"a":[38,84,131,177],"pixel-wise":[39],"classification":[40,165],"clover,":[42,111],"grass,":[43,112],"weeds":[45],"red,":[47],"green,":[48],"blue":[50],"(RGB)":[51],"mixtures.":[55],"The":[56,93,119,150],"estimated":[57],"fractions":[59,77],"dry":[62,80,172],"matter":[63,173],"from":[64],"were":[67],"found":[68],"highly":[71],"correlated":[72],"with":[73,156,176],"real":[75,117,144],"matter,":[81],"making":[82],"this":[83],"cheap":[85],"non-destructive":[87],"way":[88],"monitoring":[90],"fields.":[92,104],"solely":[97],"simulated":[99,122],"top-down":[100],"enables":[106],"distinguish":[110],"weed":[114],"pixels":[115],"images.":[118],"use":[120],"for":[124,148],"training":[125],"reduces":[126],"manual":[128],"labor":[129],"few":[132],"hours,":[133],"as":[134],"compared":[135],"more":[137],"than":[138],"3000":[139],"h":[140],"when":[141],"all":[142],"are":[146],"annotated":[147],"training.":[149],"tested":[153],"varied":[157],"clover/grass":[158],"ratios":[159],"achieved":[161],"an":[162],"overall":[163],"pixel":[164],"accuracy":[166],"83.4%,":[168],"while":[169],"estimating":[170],"fraction":[175],"standard":[178],"deviation":[179],"7.8%.":[181]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
