{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2766922320","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s17102433","title":"mlCAF: Multi-Level Cross-Domain Semantic Context Fusioning for Behavior Identification","display_name":"mlCAF: Multi-Level Cross-Domain Semantic Context Fusioning for Behavior Identification","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-10-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2766922320","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s17102433","mag":"2766922320","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29064459"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s17102433","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s17102433","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/17/10/2433/pdf?version=1508916550","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/17/10/2433/pdf?version=1508916550","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101882039","display_name":"Muhammad Asif Razzaq","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0061-8834"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35928602","display_name":"Kyung Hee University","ror":"https://ror.org/01zqcg218","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Razzaq","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ubiquitous Computing Lab, Department of Computer Engineering, Kyung Hee University (Global Campus), Seocheon-dong, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 446-701, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ubiquitous Computing Lab, Department of Computer Engineering, Kyung Hee University (Global Campus), Seocheon-dong, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 446-701, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090873475","display_name":"Claudia Villalonga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4253-7909"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116615","display_name":"Universidad Internacional De La Rioja","ror":"https://ror.org/029gnnp81","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116615"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Claudia Villalonga","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Technology, Universidad Internacional de La Rioja (UNIR), C/ Almansa 101, 28040 Madrid, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Technology, Universidad Internacional de La Rioja (UNIR), C/ Almansa 101, 28040 Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116615"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112049288","display_name":"Sungyoung Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35928602","display_name":"Kyung Hee University","ror":"https://ror.org/01zqcg218","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sungyoung Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ubiquitous Computing Lab, Department of Computer Engineering, Kyung Hee University (Global Campus), Seocheon-dong, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 446-701, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ubiquitous Computing Lab, Department of Computer Engineering, Kyung Hee University (Global Campus), Seocheon-dong, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 446-701, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083793569","display_name":"Usman Akhtar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4553-0550"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35928602","display_name":"Kyung Hee University","ror":"https://ror.org/01zqcg218","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Usman Akhtar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ubiquitous Computing Lab, Department of Computer Engineering, Kyung Hee University (Global Campus), Seocheon-dong, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 446-701, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ubiquitous Computing Lab, Department of Computer Engineering, Kyung Hee University (Global Campus), Seocheon-dong, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 446-701, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101953827","display_name":"Maqbool Ali","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35928602","display_name":"Kyung Hee University","ror":"https://ror.org/01zqcg218","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maqbool Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ubiquitous Computing Lab, Department of Computer Engineering, Kyung Hee University (Global Campus), Seocheon-dong, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 446-701, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ubiquitous Computing Lab, Department of Computer Engineering, Kyung Hee University (Global Campus), Seocheon-dong, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 446-701, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100604437","display_name":"Eun\u2010Soo Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9332-5653"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161024014","display_name":"Kwangwoon University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e9zc863","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161024014"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eun-Soo Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Kwangwoon University 20 Kwangwoon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01897, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Kwangwoon University 20 Kwangwoon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01897, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161024014"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063432011","display_name":"Asad Masood Khattak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0630-1264"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91044093","display_name":"Zayed University","ror":"https://ror.org/03snqfa66","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91044093"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Asad Khattak","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Technological Innovation, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi 144534, UAE"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Technological Innovation, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi 144534, UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91044093"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111440030","display_name":"Hyonwoo Seung","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98600543","display_name":"Seoul Women's University","ror":"https://ror.org/04b2fhx54","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98600543"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyonwoo Seung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Seoul Women\u2019s University, Seoul 01797, Korea","Department of Computer Science, Seoul Women's University, Seoul 01797, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Seoul Women\u2019s University, Seoul 01797, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98600543"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Seoul Women's University, Seoul 01797, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98600543"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045870775","display_name":"Taeho Hur","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7458-3745"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35928602","display_name":"Kyung Hee University","ror":"https://ror.org/01zqcg218","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Taeho Hur","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ubiquitous Computing Lab, Department of Computer Engineering, Kyung Hee University (Global Campus), Seocheon-dong, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 446-701, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ubiquitous Computing Lab, Department of Computer Engineering, Kyung Hee University (Global Campus), Seocheon-dong, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 446-701, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037717724","display_name":"Jaehun Bang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3675-2258"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35928602","display_name":"Kyung Hee University","ror":"https://ror.org/01zqcg218","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaehun Bang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ubiquitous Computing Lab, Department of Computer Engineering, Kyung Hee University (Global Campus), Seocheon-dong, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 446-701, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ubiquitous Computing Lab, Department of Computer Engineering, Kyung Hee University (Global Campus), Seocheon-dong, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 446-701, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084029563","display_name":"Dohyeong Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8980-7043"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35928602","display_name":"Kyung Hee University","ror":"https://ror.org/01zqcg218","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dohyeong Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ubiquitous Computing Lab, Department of Computer Engineering, Kyung Hee University (Global Campus), Seocheon-dong, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 446-701, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ubiquitous Computing Lab, Department of Computer Engineering, Kyung Hee University (Global Campus), Seocheon-dong, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 446-701, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003544564","display_name":"Wajahat Ali Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4118-7855"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35928602","display_name":"Kyung Hee University","ror":"https://ror.org/01zqcg218","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wajahat Ali Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ubiquitous Computing Lab, Department of Computer Engineering, Kyung Hee University (Global Campus), Seocheon-dong, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 446-701, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ubiquitous Computing Lab, Department of Computer Engineering, Kyung Hee University (Global Campus), Seocheon-dong, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 446-701, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":12,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003544564"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.6474,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79215238,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"10","first_page":"2433","last_page":"2433"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10444","display_name":"Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10444","display_name":"Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10866","display_name":"Nutritional Studies and Diet","score":0.9564999938011169,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9455000162124634,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ontology","display_name":"Ontology","score":0.8190364837646484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7612078785896301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.732735276222229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.7088443636894226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6925985217094421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ubiquitous-computing","display_name":"Ubiquitous computing","score":0.5066304802894592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context-model","display_name":"Context model","score":0.49026086926460266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context-awareness","display_name":"Context awareness","score":0.47859856486320496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.41570428013801575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.4053069055080414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2726994752883911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.0844828188419342}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25810664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44325","display_name":"Ontology","level":2,"score":0.8190364837646484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7612078785896301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.732735276222229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.7088443636894226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6925985217094421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172195944","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q541265","display_name":"Ubiquitous computing","level":2,"score":0.5066304802894592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183322885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17007702","display_name":"Context model","level":3,"score":0.49026086926460266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781368080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q501688","display_name":"Context awareness","level":3,"score":0.47859856486320496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.41570428013801575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.4053069055080414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2726994752883911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.0844828188419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778707766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202064","display_name":"Phone","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001364","descriptor_name":"Awareness","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001364","descriptor_name":"Awareness","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001364","descriptor_name":"Awareness","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001519","descriptor_name":"Behavior","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001519","descriptor_name":"Behavior","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001519","descriptor_name":"Behavior","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008991","descriptor_name":"Monitoring, Physiologic","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008991","descriptor_name":"Monitoring, Physiologic","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008991","descriptor_name":"Monitoring, Physiologic","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012660","descriptor_name":"Semantics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012660","descriptor_name":"Semantics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012660","descriptor_name":"Semantics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014584","descriptor_name":"User-Computer Interface","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014584","descriptor_name":"User-Computer Interface","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014584","descriptor_name":"User-Computer Interface","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s17102433","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s17102433","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/17/10/2433/pdf?version=1508916550","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:29064459","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29064459","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d15fc12fa44f456780c15b8eb9c732ce","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d15fc12fa44f456780c15b8eb9c732ce","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 17, Iss 10, p 2433 (2017)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:4602304","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5677224","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/17/10/2433/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s17102433","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 17; Issue 10; Pages: 2433","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:reunir.unir.net:123456789/6322","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://reunir.unir.net/handle/123456789/6322","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400329","display_name":"Re-Unir (International University of La Rioja)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Articulo Revista Indexada"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s17102433","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s17102433","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/17/10/2433/pdf?version=1508916550","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.4300000071525574,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G149606388","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2011-0030079","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","funder_display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1739134435","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IITP-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324891","funder_display_name":"Iran Telecommunication Research Center"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2703251239","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Korea","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334880","funder_display_name":"Small and Medium Business Administration"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G342704958","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"funded","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3571475270","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2011-0030079","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4244126222","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2016","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4755126298","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IITP-2017-0-01629","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324891","funder_display_name":"Iran Telecommunication Research Center"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5334778219","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"and NRF-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5630833296","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IITP-2017-0-01629","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6072120315","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"funded","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","funder_display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6658558022","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2011-0030079","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7068967809","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2011-0030079","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7282767885","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IITP-2017-0-01629","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","funder_display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7685055460","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7983511614","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IITP-2017-0-01629","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8385540104","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RIF # R17057","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325295","funder_display_name":"Zayed University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G982292920","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-20","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324891","display_name":"Iran Telecommunication Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01a3g2z22"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325295","display_name":"Zayed University","ror":"https://ror.org/03snqfa66"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/01wpjm123"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334880","display_name":"Small and Medium Business Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/022c4zk48"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion","ror":"https://ror.org/01g0hqq23"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2766922320.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2766922320.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1500258577","https://openalex.org/W1545099645","https://openalex.org/W1995529998","https://openalex.org/W2004254965","https://openalex.org/W2011521729","https://openalex.org/W2021476087","https://openalex.org/W2050655421","https://openalex.org/W2051785280","https://openalex.org/W2054133212","https://openalex.org/W2068849277","https://openalex.org/W2072510001","https://openalex.org/W2075694938","https://openalex.org/W2085374652","https://openalex.org/W2086240082","https://openalex.org/W2103588263","https://openalex.org/W2128931075","https://openalex.org/W2130296687","https://openalex.org/W2143597275","https://openalex.org/W2164946884","https://openalex.org/W2168867823","https://openalex.org/W2246089988","https://openalex.org/W2259636357","https://openalex.org/W2286535616","https://openalex.org/W2296435789","https://openalex.org/W2299599272","https://openalex.org/W2411537057","https://openalex.org/W2465482591","https://openalex.org/W2479692466","https://openalex.org/W2500429628","https://openalex.org/W2526217971","https://openalex.org/W2526869372","https://openalex.org/W2536270858","https://openalex.org/W2572898367","https://openalex.org/W2574798978","https://openalex.org/W2736720630","https://openalex.org/W2750187297","https://openalex.org/W2964054697","https://openalex.org/W4234816175","https://openalex.org/W4403696562","https://openalex.org/W7024755708"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W57335507","https://openalex.org/W2161386589","https://openalex.org/W1656433004","https://openalex.org/W2127178188","https://openalex.org/W2116169104","https://openalex.org/W2436001314","https://openalex.org/W4233069924","https://openalex.org/W2542603226","https://openalex.org/W2156173222","https://openalex.org/W2101541078"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,193],"emerging":[1],"research":[2],"on":[3,111,123],"automatic":[4],"identification":[5],"of":[6,45,67,134,152,163,202],"user's":[7,27],"contexts":[8,28,48,99,135,172],"from":[9,71,136,174],"the":[10,25,96,124,132,167,206],"cross-domain":[11,46,98,171,208],"environment":[12],"in":[13,33,100,150],"ubiquitous":[14],"and":[15,29,84,120,161,190],"pervasive":[16],"computing":[17],"systems":[18],"has":[19],"proved":[20],"to":[21,37,56,78,102,115,143,179],"be":[22],"successful.":[23],"Monitoring":[24],"diversified":[26],"behaviors":[30],"can":[31],"help":[32],"controlling":[34],"lifestyle":[35,191],"associated":[36],"chronic":[38],"diseases":[39],"using":[40],"context-aware":[41],"applications.":[42],"However,":[43],"availability":[44],"heterogeneous":[47],"provides":[49],"a":[50,72,197],"challenging":[51],"opportunity":[52],"for":[53,60,86,187,205],"their":[54,140],"fusion":[55],"obtain":[57],"abstract":[58,181],"information":[59],"further":[61],"analysis.":[62],"This":[63,107,147],"work":[64,70,108],"demonstrates":[65],"extension":[66],"our":[68],"previous":[69],"single":[73],"domain":[74],"(i.e.,":[75],"physical":[76],"activity)":[77],"multiple":[79],"domains":[80],"(physical":[81],"activity,":[82],"nutrition":[83],"clinical)":[85],"context-awareness.":[87],"We":[88],"propose":[89],"<i>multi-level":[90],"Context-aware":[91],"Framework</i>":[92],"(mlCAF),":[93],"which":[94,183],"fuses":[95],"multi-level":[97,116,170],"order":[101],"arbitrate":[103],"richer":[104,144],"behavioral":[105],"contexts.":[106,209],"explicitly":[109],"focuses":[110],"key":[112],"challenges":[113],"linked":[114],"context":[117,158,198],"modeling,":[118],"reasoning":[119],"fusioning":[121,141],"based":[122],"mlCAF":[125],"open-source":[126],"ontology.":[127],"More":[128],"specifically,":[129],"it":[130],"addresses":[131],"interpretation":[133],"three":[137],"different":[138],"domains,":[139,157],"conforming":[142],"contextual":[145],"information.":[146],"paper":[148],"contributes":[149],"terms":[151],"ontology":[153],"evolution":[154],"with":[155],"additional":[156],"definitions,":[159],"rules":[160],"inclusion":[162],"semantic":[164],"queries.":[165],"For":[166],"framework":[168],"evaluation,":[169],"collected":[173,207],"20":[175],"users":[176],"were":[177],"used":[178],"ascertain":[180],"contexts,":[182],"served":[184],"as":[185],"basis":[186],"behavior":[188],"modeling":[189],"identification.":[192],"experimental":[194],"results":[195],"indicate":[196],"recognition":[199],"average":[200],"accuracy":[201],"around":[203],"92.65%":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}