{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2759130031","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s17102253","title":"PSpice Modeling of a Sandwich Piezoelectric Ceramic Ultrasonic Transducer in Longitudinal Vibration","display_name":"PSpice Modeling of a Sandwich Piezoelectric Ceramic Ultrasonic Transducer in Longitudinal Vibration","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-09-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2759130031","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s17102253","mag":"2759130031","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28973996"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s17102253","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s17102253","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/17/10/2253/pdf?version=1508757215","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/17/10/2253/pdf?version=1508757215","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027725117","display_name":"Xiaoyuan Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5395-9248"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131919","display_name":"Xi'an University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/038avdt50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131919"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoyuan Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Technology, Xi\u2019an 710048, Shaanxi, China","Department of Electronic Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, Shaanxi, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Technology, Xi\u2019an 710048, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131919"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131919"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038561808","display_name":"Yuan Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4225-5226"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131919","display_name":"Xi'an University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/038avdt50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131919"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yuan Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Technology, Xi\u2019an 710048, Shaanxi, China","Department of Electronic Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, Shaanxi, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Technology, Xi\u2019an 710048, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131919"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131919"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050557062","display_name":"Wenqing Yao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8004-2531"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131919","display_name":"Xi'an University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/038avdt50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131919"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenqing Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Technology, Xi\u2019an 710048, Shaanxi, China","Department of Electronic Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, Shaanxi, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Technology, Xi\u2019an 710048, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131919"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131919"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101860066","display_name":"Lei Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0571-3697"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131919","display_name":"Xi'an University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/038avdt50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131919"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Technology, Xi\u2019an 710048, Shaanxi, China","Department of Electronic Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, Shaanxi, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0571-3697","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Technology, Xi\u2019an 710048, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131919"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131919"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038561808"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131919"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":3.9581,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":38,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93688916,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"10","first_page":"2253","last_page":"2253"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10662","display_name":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10662","display_name":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10727","display_name":"Ultrasound Imaging and Elastography","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12169","display_name":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antiresonance","display_name":"Antiresonance","score":0.7977703213691711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pmut","display_name":"PMUT","score":0.7833438515663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.756472647190094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/piezoelectricity","display_name":"Piezoelectricity","score":0.7427849769592285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transducer","display_name":"Transducer","score":0.6949348449707031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultrasonic-sensor","display_name":"Ultrasonic sensor","score":0.6659122705459595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplifier","display_name":"Amplifier","score":0.5364044308662415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capacitive-micromachined-ultrasonic-transducers","display_name":"Capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers","score":0.4593285918235779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vibration","display_name":"Vibration","score":0.44673678278923035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-impedance","display_name":"Electrical impedance","score":0.43735504150390625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/equivalent-circuit","display_name":"Equivalent circuit","score":0.41837894916534424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.40331828594207764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.33792948722839355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2889377176761627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.2513166666030884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.24889221787452698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1221114993095398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.09596359729766846}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176150650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583042","display_name":"Antiresonance","level":3,"score":0.7977703213691711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57693265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17105295","display_name":"PMUT","level":3,"score":0.7833438515663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.756472647190094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100082104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183759","display_name":"Piezoelectricity","level":2,"score":0.7427849769592285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56318395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215928","display_name":"Transducer","level":2,"score":0.6949348449707031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81288441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20736125","display_name":"Ultrasonic sensor","level":2,"score":0.6659122705459595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.5364044308662415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58772458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5034480","display_name":"Capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers","level":3,"score":0.4593285918235779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198394728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3695508","display_name":"Vibration","level":2,"score":0.44673678278923035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17829176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179043","display_name":"Electrical impedance","level":2,"score":0.43735504150390625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23572009","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q964981","display_name":"Equivalent circuit","level":3,"score":0.41837894916534424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.40331828594207764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.33792948722839355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2889377176761627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.2513166666030884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.24889221787452698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1221114993095398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.09596359729766846}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s17102253","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s17102253","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/17/10/2253/pdf?version=1508757215","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:28973996","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28973996","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:7cd540ee2f74475c99ede0c1ba8dd187","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/7cd540ee2f74475c99ede0c1ba8dd187","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 17, Iss 10, p 2253 (2017)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:4602454","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5677437","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/17/10/2253/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s17102253","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 17; Issue 10; Pages: 2253","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s17102253","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s17102253","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/17/10/2253/pdf?version=1508757215","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6800000071525574,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1764484811","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"No.51477138","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2759130031.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2759130031.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1989379752","https://openalex.org/W1990723210","https://openalex.org/W1992132752","https://openalex.org/W1999131106","https://openalex.org/W2018649389","https://openalex.org/W2028322633","https://openalex.org/W2042837935","https://openalex.org/W2049486988","https://openalex.org/W2071172826","https://openalex.org/W2081463754","https://openalex.org/W2087938005","https://openalex.org/W2093260631","https://openalex.org/W2115791706","https://openalex.org/W2162314018","https://openalex.org/W2170087079","https://openalex.org/W2310816742","https://openalex.org/W2416587712","https://openalex.org/W2523157767","https://openalex.org/W2800892374","https://openalex.org/W6650241187"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3154639051","https://openalex.org/W3017545558","https://openalex.org/W2119827520","https://openalex.org/W3189577114","https://openalex.org/W47979711","https://openalex.org/W2770460125","https://openalex.org/W2946742279","https://openalex.org/W2766757780","https://openalex.org/W1978089044","https://openalex.org/W2051847435"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Sandwiched":[0],"piezoelectric":[1,23,91,175],"transducers":[2,25,93],"are":[3,50,85,100,117],"widely":[4],"used,":[5],"especially":[6],"in":[7,26],"high":[8],"power":[9],"applications.":[10],"For":[11,64],"more":[12,178],"convenient":[13],"analysis":[14,116],"and":[15,37,47,52,59,72,81,94,103,114,192],"design,":[16],"a":[17,78],"PSpice":[18,76,170],"lossy":[19],"model":[20,171],"of":[21,33,67,74,156,172],"sandwiched":[22,90,174],"ultrasonic":[24,92,157],"longitudinal":[27],"vibration":[28],"is":[29,54,125,150,163,177],"proposed":[30,43,169],"by":[31],"means":[32],"the":[34,42,45,57,65,70,75,112,121,128,136,142,147,153,160,173],"one-dimensional":[35],"wave":[36],"transmission":[38],"line":[39],"theories.":[40],"With":[41],"model,":[44,77],"resonance":[46,154,161],"antiresonance":[48],"frequencies":[49],"obtained,":[51],"it":[53,124],"shown":[55,126],"that":[56,127,141],"simulations":[58],"measurements":[60],"have":[61,131],"good":[62,132],"consistency.":[63,133],"purpose":[66],"further":[68],"verification":[69],"accuracy":[71],"application":[73],"pitch-catch":[79,110,148],"setup":[80,149],"an":[82],"experimental":[83],"platform":[84],"built.":[86],"They":[87],"include":[88],"two":[89,95],"aluminum":[96],"cylinders":[97],"whose":[98],"lengths":[99],"20":[101],"mm":[102,105],"100":[104],"respectively.":[106],"Based":[107],"on":[108],"this":[109],"setup,":[111],"impedance":[113],"transient":[115],"performed.":[118],"Compared":[119],"with":[120,183],"measured":[122],"results,":[123],"simulated":[129],"results":[130],"In":[134],"addition,":[135],"conclusion":[137],"can":[138],"be":[139],"drawn":[140],"optimal":[143],"excitation":[144],"frequency":[145,155,162],"for":[146],"not":[151],"necessarily":[152],"transducers,":[158],"because":[159],"obtained":[164],"under":[165],"no":[166],"load.":[167],"The":[168],"transducer":[176],"conveniently":[179],"applied":[180],"to":[181],"combine":[182],"other":[184],"circuits":[185],"such":[186],"as":[187],"driving":[188],"circuits,":[189],"filters,":[190],"amplifiers,":[191],"so":[193],"on.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T09:19:25.381259","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
