{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2746622790","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s17081903","title":"LoRa Mobile-To-Base-Station Channel Characterization in the Antarctic","display_name":"LoRa Mobile-To-Base-Station Channel Characterization in the Antarctic","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-08-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2746622790","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s17081903","mag":"2746622790","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28820477"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s17081903","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s17081903","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/17/8/1903/pdf?version=1503054017","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/17/8/1903/pdf?version=1503054017","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067254478","display_name":"Johnny Gaelens","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32597200","display_name":"Ghent University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cv9y106","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Johnny Gaelens","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Technology, Ghent University/imec, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 15, 9052 Gent, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology, Ghent University/imec, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 15, 9052 Gent, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041229752","display_name":"Patrick Van Torre","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0633-0815"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32597200","display_name":"Ghent University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cv9y106","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Patrick Van Torre","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Technology, Ghent University/imec, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 15, 9052 Gent, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology, Ghent University/imec, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 15, 9052 Gent, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086051857","display_name":"Jo Verhaevert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4003-0098"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32597200","display_name":"Ghent University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cv9y106","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jo Verhaevert","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Technology, Ghent University/imec, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 15, 9052 Gent, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4003-0098","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology, Ghent University/imec, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 15, 9052 Gent, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036707280","display_name":"Hendrik Rogier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8139-2736"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32597200","display_name":"Ghent University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cv9y106","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hendrik Rogier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Technology, Ghent University/imec, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 15, 9052 Gent, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8139-2736","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology, Ghent University/imec, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 15, 9052 Gent, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5041229752"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":3.215,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":46,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9250388,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"8","first_page":"1903","last_page":"1903"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12801","display_name":"Bluetooth and Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.6904932260513306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/link-budget","display_name":"Link budget","score":0.6182279586791992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path-loss","display_name":"Path loss","score":0.5770199298858643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-propagation","display_name":"Radio propagation","score":0.5157771110534668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5084477663040161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.5034369826316833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-spectrum","display_name":"Radio spectrum","score":0.4635099470615387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terrain","display_name":"Terrain","score":0.4633138179779053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-height-considerations","display_name":"Antenna height considerations","score":0.4504684507846832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delay-spread","display_name":"Delay spread","score":0.44799888134002686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.38142722845077515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.37255293130874634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.37202006578445435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3524000346660614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.34735700488090515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2622343897819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multipath-propagation","display_name":"Multipath propagation","score":0.18732523918151855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.18297520279884338}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.6904932260513306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94137725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1509342","display_name":"Link budget","level":3,"score":0.6182279586791992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194273485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1478845","display_name":"Path loss","level":3,"score":0.5770199298858643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202311505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1474701","display_name":"Radio propagation","level":2,"score":0.5157771110534668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5084477663040161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.5034369826316833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92545706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902174","display_name":"Radio spectrum","level":2,"score":0.4635099470615387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161840515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186131","display_name":"Terrain","level":2,"score":0.4633138179779053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155050386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068623","display_name":"Antenna height considerations","level":3,"score":0.4504684507846832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49456836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q666814","display_name":"Delay spread","level":4,"score":0.44799888134002686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.38142722845077515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.37255293130874634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.37202006578445435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3524000346660614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.34735700488090515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2622343897819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161218011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11827794","display_name":"Multipath propagation","level":3,"score":0.18732523918151855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.18297520279884338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s17081903","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s17081903","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/17/8/1903/pdf?version=1503054017","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:28820477","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28820477","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:archive.ugent.be:8531947","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8531947","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400478","display_name":"Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I32597200","host_organization_name":"Ghent University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISSN: 1424-8220","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1fc87801bbd0403da7685a62c1a65c9f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1fc87801bbd0403da7685a62c1a65c9f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 17, Iss 8, p 1903 (2017)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/17/8/1903/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s17081903","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 17; Issue 8; Pages: 1903","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:5579885","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5579885","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s17081903","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s17081903","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/17/8/1903/pdf?version=1503054017","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2746622790.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2054283647","https://openalex.org/W2110618891","https://openalex.org/W2520480241","https://openalex.org/W2571043451","https://openalex.org/W2595511394","https://openalex.org/W2617209552","https://openalex.org/W2735739713","https://openalex.org/W4205566495","https://openalex.org/W6636601783"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3199767624","https://openalex.org/W2214790880","https://openalex.org/W2254967749","https://openalex.org/W2115853370","https://openalex.org/W3094827220","https://openalex.org/W3205324984","https://openalex.org/W2007615404","https://openalex.org/W1857245758","https://openalex.org/W2397924219","https://openalex.org/W2767869834"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Antarctic":[0],"conditions":[1],"demand":[2],"that":[3,13],"wireless":[4,34,66,101],"sensor":[5,74,102],"nodes":[6],"are":[7],"operational":[8],"all":[9],"year":[10],"round":[11],"and":[12,82,89,134],"they":[14],"provide":[15],"a":[16,47,69,77,115],"large":[17,48],"communication":[18],"range":[19,116],"of":[20,23,86,97,117,126],"several":[21],"tens":[22],"kilometers.":[24],"LoRa":[25,98],"technology":[26,99],"operating":[27],"in":[28,58,84,104,124,130,166],"sub-GHz":[29],"frequency":[30],"bands":[31],"implements":[32],"these":[33,59],"links":[35],"with":[36,52],"minimal":[37],"power":[38],"consumption.":[39],"The":[40],"employed":[41],"chirp":[42],"spread":[43],"spectrum":[44],"modulation":[45],"provides":[46],"link":[49,67],"budget,":[50],"combined":[51],"the":[53,95,112,132,145,149,153,167],"excellent":[54],"radio-wave":[55],"propagation":[56,129,161],"characteristics":[57],"bands.":[60,137],"In":[61],"this":[62],"paper,":[63],"an":[64],"experimental":[65],"from":[68],"mobile":[70],"vehicle":[71],"which":[72],"transmits":[73],"data":[75],"to":[76,119,143,156],"base":[78,113],"station":[79],"is":[80,122,141],"measured":[81],"analyzed":[83],"terms":[85],"signal-to-noise":[87],"ratio":[88],"packet":[90],"loss.":[91],"These":[92],"measurements":[93],"confirm":[94],"usefulness":[96],"for":[100],"systems":[103],"polar":[105],"regions.":[106],"By":[107],"deploying":[108],"directional":[109],"antennas":[110],"at":[111],"station,":[114],"up":[118],"30":[120],"km":[121],"covered":[123],"case":[125],"Line-of-Sight":[127,154],"radio":[128,160],"both":[131],"434":[133],"868":[135],"MHz":[136],"Varying":[138],"terrain":[139],"elevation":[140],"shown":[142],"be":[144,157],"dominating":[146],"factor":[147],"influencing":[148],"propagation,":[150],"sometimes":[151],"causing":[152],"path":[155],"obstructed.":[158],"Tropospheric":[159],"effects":[162],"were":[163],"not":[164],"apparent":[165],"measurements.":[168]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-22T06:13:13.366637","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}