{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2744110496","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s17081837","title":"Discrimination of Oil Slicks and Lookalikes in Polarimetric SAR Images Using CNN","display_name":"Discrimination of Oil Slicks and Lookalikes in Polarimetric SAR Images Using CNN","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-08-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2744110496","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s17081837","mag":"2744110496","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28792477"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s17081837","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s17081837","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/17/8/1837/pdf?version=1502287234","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/17/8/1837/pdf?version=1502287234","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004698668","display_name":"Hao Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5025-1922"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43313876","display_name":"Dalian Maritime University","ror":"https://ror.org/002b7nr53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hao Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Science and Technology College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5025-1922","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Science and Technology College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002876461","display_name":"Danni Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4831-2217"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43313876","display_name":"Dalian Maritime University","ror":"https://ror.org/002b7nr53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Danni Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Science and Technology College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4831-2217","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Science and Technology College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089005116","display_name":"Jubai An","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8667-1168"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43313876","display_name":"Dalian Maritime University","ror":"https://ror.org/002b7nr53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jubai An","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Science and Technology College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Science and Technology College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004698668"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"fwci":2.2129,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":78,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88307838,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"8","first_page":"1837","last_page":"1837"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12316","display_name":"Oil Spill Detection and Mitigation","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12316","display_name":"Oil Spill Detection and Mitigation","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9381999969482422,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12597","display_name":"Fire Detection and Safety Systems","score":0.9380000233650208,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racing-slick","display_name":"Racing slick","score":0.9650630354881287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7087768316268921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6717372536659241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.648703932762146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6244440674781799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.6180031299591064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.598842203617096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polarimetry","display_name":"Polarimetry","score":0.5733705163002014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5702343583106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.5016238689422607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4418811500072479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.2979171872138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scattering","display_name":"Scattering","score":0.09473976492881775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.07491767406463623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.06638896465301514}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50251070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1888226","display_name":"Racing slick","level":3,"score":0.9650630354881287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7087768316268921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6717372536659241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.648703932762146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6244440674781799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.6180031299591064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.598842203617096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28493345","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899381","display_name":"Polarimetry","level":3,"score":0.5733705163002014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5702343583106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5016238689422607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4418811500072479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.2979171872138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191486275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210028","display_name":"Scattering","level":2,"score":0.09473976492881775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07491767406463623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.06638896465301514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s17081837","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s17081837","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/17/8/1837/pdf?version=1502287234","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:28792477","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28792477","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a658f3f6efdc4de8aedc59f04c63b0a1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a658f3f6efdc4de8aedc59f04c63b0a1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 17, Iss 8, p 1837 (2017)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/17/8/1837/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s17081837","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 17; Issue 8; Pages: 1837","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:5579578","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5579578","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s17081837","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s17081837","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/17/8/1837/pdf?version=1502287234","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.6100000143051147}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7053314733","display_name":"\u57fa\u4e8e\u6fc0\u5149\u6280\u672f\u7684\u6ea2\u6cb9\u4e73\u5316\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0d\u540c\u9636\u6bb5\u5224\u522b\u65b9\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61471079","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334950","display_name":"State Oceanic Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/05pxfr638"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2744110496.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2744110496.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1588783072","https://openalex.org/W1903029394","https://openalex.org/W1915761309","https://openalex.org/W1923697677","https://openalex.org/W1964789258","https://openalex.org/W1973178306","https://openalex.org/W1985226606","https://openalex.org/W1987241568","https://openalex.org/W1990819856","https://openalex.org/W2005902297","https://openalex.org/W2009436273","https://openalex.org/W2022508996","https://openalex.org/W2026512191","https://openalex.org/W2028000463","https://openalex.org/W2031481546","https://openalex.org/W2031803460","https://openalex.org/W2037404229","https://openalex.org/W2060172013","https://openalex.org/W2066916495","https://openalex.org/W2082757777","https://openalex.org/W2104636679","https://openalex.org/W2109255472","https://openalex.org/W2110144510","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2116060911","https://openalex.org/W2116337644","https://openalex.org/W2123099218","https://openalex.org/W2127227873","https://openalex.org/W2134905716","https://openalex.org/W2144354855","https://openalex.org/W2145268734","https://openalex.org/W2228563552","https://openalex.org/W2283579438","https://openalex.org/W2330129015","https://openalex.org/W2395611524","https://openalex.org/W2412782625","https://openalex.org/W2547190773","https://openalex.org/W2549470587","https://openalex.org/W2554820184","https://openalex.org/W6635245827","https://openalex.org/W6640102224","https://openalex.org/W6640295612","https://openalex.org/W6729288668"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2120978485","https://openalex.org/W2548109117","https://openalex.org/W2092360295","https://openalex.org/W2564399592","https://openalex.org/W2469797871","https://openalex.org/W2083226795","https://openalex.org/W2120688374","https://openalex.org/W1531747187","https://openalex.org/W2002319327","https://openalex.org/W2989605215"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Oil":[0],"slicks":[1,49,62,107],"and":[2,7,22,63,85,108,125,158],"lookalikes":[3,109],"(e.g.,":[4],"plant":[5,156],"oil":[6,8,48,61,106,160],"emulsion)":[9],"all":[10],"appear":[11],"as":[12,47,122],"dark":[13,41,206],"areas":[14],"in":[15,43,91],"polarimetric":[16,44,94,135],"Synthetic":[17],"Aperture":[18],"Radar":[19],"(SAR)":[20],"images":[21,46,210],"are":[23,120],"highly":[24],"heterogeneous,":[25],"so":[26],"it":[27],"is":[28,71,141,171,190,193],"very":[29],"difficult":[30],"to":[31,56,73,143,220],"use":[32],"a":[33,75,99,144],"single":[34],"feature":[35,136],"that":[36,196],"can":[37,202],"allow":[38],"classification":[39,181],"of":[40,60,118,134,148,168,176,187,216],"objects":[42],"SAR":[45,101,209],"or":[50],"lookalikes.":[51,64],"We":[52,96],"established":[53],"multi-feature":[54],"fusion":[55],"support":[57],"the":[58,66,92,123,131,164,166,169,174,197,205,214,217],"discrimination":[59,69,103],"In":[65,163],"paper,":[67],"simple":[68],"analysis":[70,175],"used":[72],"rationalize":[74],"preferred":[76],"features":[77,80],"subset.":[78],"The":[79,116,138,180],"analyzed":[81],"include":[82],"entropy,":[83],"alpha,":[84],"Single-bounce":[86],"Eigenvalue":[87],"Relative":[88],"Difference":[89],"(SERD)":[90],"C-band":[93],"mode.":[95],"also":[97,212],"propose":[98],"novel":[100],"image":[102],"method":[104,140,170,199],"for":[105,128],"based":[110],"on":[111,130,208],"Convolutional":[112],"Neural":[113],"Network":[114],"(CNN).":[115],"regions":[117],"interest":[119],"selected":[121],"training":[124,145],"testing":[126],"samples":[127,186],"CNN":[129],"three":[132],"kinds":[133],"images.":[137],"proposed":[139,198,218],"applied":[142],"data":[146,189],"set":[147],"5400":[149],"samples,":[150],"including":[151],"1800":[152,155,159],"crude":[153],"oil,":[154,157],"emulsion":[161],"samples.":[162],"end,":[165],"effectiveness":[167],"demonstrated":[172],"through":[173],"some":[177],"experimental":[178],"results.":[179],"accuracy":[182],"obtained":[183],"using":[184],"900":[185],"test":[188],"91.33%.":[191],"It":[192],"here":[194],"observed":[195],"not":[200],"only":[201],"accurately":[203],"identify":[204],"spots":[207],"but":[211],"verify":[213],"ability":[215],"algorithm":[219],"classify":[221],"unstructured":[222],"features.":[223]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-30T17:31:21.811387","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
