{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2624036417","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s17061296","title":"Ultrasensitive Magnetic Nanoparticle Detector for Biosensor Applications","display_name":"Ultrasensitive Magnetic Nanoparticle Detector for Biosensor Applications","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-06-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2624036417","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s17061296","mag":"2624036417","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28587265"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s17061296","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s17061296","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/17/6/1296/pdf?version=1496727348","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/17/6/1296/pdf?version=1496727348","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102273893","display_name":"Yu-Chi Liang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu-Chi Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Integrated Bio & Nano Systems, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA","Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Integrated Bio & Nano Systems, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103211611","display_name":"Long Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2186-7397"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Long Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Integrated Bio & Nano Systems, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA","Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Integrated Bio & Nano Systems, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Wenlan Qiu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenlan Qiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Integrated Bio & Nano Systems, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA","Materials Science & Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Integrated Bio & Nano Systems, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Materials Science & Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002621338","display_name":"Arati Kolhatkar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5703-2674"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arati Kolhatkar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043814962","display_name":"Binh Vu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5054-2890"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Binh Vu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068574400","display_name":"Katerina Kourentzi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5891-6415"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Katerina Kourentzi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069270397","display_name":"T. Randall Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9584-8861"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9584-8861","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064786948","display_name":"Youli Zu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8574-9974"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092922","display_name":"Methodist Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00g635h87","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283055418","https://openalex.org/I4210092922","https://openalex.org/I4388446366","https://openalex.org/I4388446366","https://openalex.org/I592451","https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Youli Zu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092922"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016310840","display_name":"Richard Willson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98461037","display_name":"Tecnol\u00f3gico de Monterrey","ror":"https://ror.org/03ayjn504","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98461037"]}],"countries":["MX","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard Willson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centro de Biotecnolog\u00eda FEMSA, Departamento de Biotecnolog\u00eda e Ingenier\u00eda de Alimentos, Tecnol\u00f3gico de Monterrey, Monterrey, NL 64849, Mexico","Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centro de Biotecnolog\u00eda FEMSA, Departamento de Biotecnolog\u00eda e Ingenier\u00eda de Alimentos, Tecnol\u00f3gico de Monterrey, Monterrey, NL 64849, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98461037"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039441973","display_name":"Dmitri Litvinov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2272-562X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dmitri Litvinov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Integrated Bio & Nano Systems, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA","Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA","Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA","Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA","Materials Science & Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2272-562X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Integrated Bio & Nano Systems, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Materials Science & Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039441973"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":2.5615,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90000772,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"6","first_page":"1296","last_page":"1296"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10049","display_name":"Magnetic properties of thin films","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10049","display_name":"Magnetic properties of thin films","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12405","display_name":"Characterization and Applications of Magnetic Nanoparticles","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10377","display_name":"Metal and Thin Film Mechanics","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.8130139112472534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanoparticle","display_name":"Nanoparticle","score":0.7416078448295593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetoresistance","display_name":"Magnetoresistance","score":0.58392733335495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/giant-magnetoresistance","display_name":"Giant magnetoresistance","score":0.5693209767341614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-nanoparticles","display_name":"Magnetic nanoparticles","score":0.5418432950973511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.5331332683563232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanotechnology","display_name":"Nanotechnology","score":0.4854157865047455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.47328469157218933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sputter-deposition","display_name":"Sputter deposition","score":0.44475528597831726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spin-valve","display_name":"Spin valve","score":0.43053147196769714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biosensor","display_name":"Biosensor","score":0.41902679204940796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle","display_name":"Particle (ecology)","score":0.41253039240837097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sputtering","display_name":"Sputtering","score":0.4045327305793762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-field","display_name":"Magnetic field","score":0.3950124979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thin-film","display_name":"Thin film","score":0.15979963541030884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.1347796618938446}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.8130139112472534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155672457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61231","display_name":"Nanoparticle","level":2,"score":0.7416078448295593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117958382","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58347","display_name":"Magnetoresistance","level":3,"score":0.58392733335495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84154488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58353","display_name":"Giant magnetoresistance","level":4,"score":0.5693209767341614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87023908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3870166","display_name":"Magnetic nanoparticles","level":3,"score":0.5418432950973511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.5331332683563232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.4854157865047455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.47328469157218933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61427134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q847609","display_name":"Sputter deposition","level":4,"score":0.44475528597831726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118316555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4115590","display_name":"Spin valve","level":4,"score":0.43053147196769714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160756335","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q669391","display_name":"Biosensor","level":2,"score":0.41902679204940796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778517922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7140482","display_name":"Particle (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.41253039240837097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22423302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898444","display_name":"Sputtering","level":3,"score":0.4045327305793762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115260700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11408","display_name":"Magnetic field","level":2,"score":0.3950124979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19067145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1137203","display_name":"Thin film","level":2,"score":0.15979963541030884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.1347796618938446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D008280","descriptor_name":"Magnetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008280","descriptor_name":"Magnetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008280","descriptor_name":"Magnetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015374","descriptor_name":"Biosensing Techniques","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015374","descriptor_name":"Biosensing Techniques","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015374","descriptor_name":"Biosensing Techniques","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058185","descriptor_name":"Magnetite Nanoparticles","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058185","descriptor_name":"Magnetite Nanoparticles","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058185","descriptor_name":"Magnetite Nanoparticles","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s17061296","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s17061296","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/17/6/1296/pdf?version=1496727348","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:28587265","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28587265","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:4343123","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5492373","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/17/6/1296/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s17061296","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 17; Issue 6; Pages: 1296","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s17061296","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s17061296","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/17/6/1296/pdf?version=1496727348","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.7300000190734863,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3238835089","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1RC1RR028465","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5477592728","display_name":"Single-biomolecule detector array based on nanomagnetically stabilized magnetoresistive sensors","funder_award_id":"0932971","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7449726689","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant No. E-1320","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306196","funder_display_name":"Welch Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7772287324","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"E-1320","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306196","funder_display_name":"Welch Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G958989080","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CBET-0932971","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306196","display_name":"Welch Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/00np6vq88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308129","display_name":"Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas","ror":"https://ror.org/0003xa228"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309549","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/040vwpm13"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334100","display_name":"Texas Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337390","display_name":"Division of Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/0471zv972"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2624036417.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2624036417.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W48585894","https://openalex.org/W1963500746","https://openalex.org/W1965245884","https://openalex.org/W1981932807","https://openalex.org/W1989530990","https://openalex.org/W1993007361","https://openalex.org/W1994258994","https://openalex.org/W2013002293","https://openalex.org/W2013418304","https://openalex.org/W2014305128","https://openalex.org/W2028003034","https://openalex.org/W2028497254","https://openalex.org/W2038553364","https://openalex.org/W2040500447","https://openalex.org/W2043072234","https://openalex.org/W2051841119","https://openalex.org/W2082876544","https://openalex.org/W2089037091","https://openalex.org/W2090167409","https://openalex.org/W2094130377","https://openalex.org/W2096143567","https://openalex.org/W2099090728","https://openalex.org/W2116507845","https://openalex.org/W2126346850","https://openalex.org/W2134126872","https://openalex.org/W2134487231","https://openalex.org/W2137820585","https://openalex.org/W2140831206","https://openalex.org/W2141487524","https://openalex.org/W2142201042","https://openalex.org/W2155446943","https://openalex.org/W2162698868","https://openalex.org/W2162731268","https://openalex.org/W2169862711","https://openalex.org/W2407868607","https://openalex.org/W2422623101","https://openalex.org/W2464659342","https://openalex.org/W2520474697","https://openalex.org/W2586510043","https://openalex.org/W2613333461"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1971008423","https://openalex.org/W1994548658","https://openalex.org/W2179233664","https://openalex.org/W2044926968","https://openalex.org/W2003869650","https://openalex.org/W2481514247","https://openalex.org/W2037084284","https://openalex.org/W2504360922","https://openalex.org/W1945007365","https://openalex.org/W2152278545"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"/Ta":[0],"spin-valve":[1],"giant":[2],"magnetoresistive":[3],"(GMR)":[4],"multilayers":[5],"were":[6,40,98,136],"deposited":[7],"using":[8,31],"UHV":[9],"magnetron":[10],"sputtering":[11],"and":[12,36,48,88,101,153,182],"optimized":[13],"to":[14,85,118],"achieve":[15],"a":[16,32,146,154],"13%":[17],"GMR":[18,23,76,171],"ratio":[19],"before":[20],"patterning.":[21],"The":[22],"multilayer":[24],"was":[25,63,162],"patterned":[26],"into":[27],"12":[28],"sensor":[29,127,172],"arrays":[30,128,173],"combination":[33],"of":[34,58,74,81,141,145,158,179],"e-beam":[35],"optical":[37],"lithographies.":[38],"Arrays":[39],"constructed":[41],"with":[42,129],"400":[43,46,49,110,120,123,130,133],"nm":[44,47,50,53,111,114,121,124,131,134,149,160],"\u00d7":[45,51,112,122,132],"200":[52,113],"sensors":[54,77,115],"for":[55,138,167],"the":[56,67,75,79,89,93,102,109,119,139,177],"detection":[57,62],"reporter":[59],"nanoparticles.":[60],"Nanoparticle":[61],"based":[64],"on":[65],"measuring":[66],"shift":[68],"in":[69,78,108],"high-to-low":[70],"resistance":[71,94],"switching":[72,96,103],"field":[73,104],"presence":[80],"magnetic":[82,151],"particle(s).":[83],"Due":[84],"shape":[86],"anisotropy":[87],"corresponding":[90],"demag":[91],"field,":[92],"state":[95],"fields":[97],"significantly":[99,106],"larger":[100],"distribution":[105],"broader":[107],"as":[116,176],"compared":[117],"sensors.":[125,184],"Thus,":[126],"dimensions":[135],"used":[137],"demonstration":[140],"particle":[142],"detection.":[143],"Detection":[144],"single":[147],"225":[148],"Fe\u2083O\u2084":[150],"nanoparticle":[152],"small":[155],"number":[156],"(~10)":[157],"100":[159],"nanoparticles":[161],"demonstrated.":[163],"With":[164],"appropriate":[165],"functionalization":[166],"biomolecular":[168],"recognition,":[169],"submicron":[170],"can":[174],"serve":[175],"basis":[178],"ultrasensitive":[180],"chemical":[181],"biological":[183]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}