{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2560307331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s16122081","title":"Aerodynamic Drag Analysis of 3-DOF Flex-Gimbal GyroWheel System in the Sense of Ground Test","display_name":"Aerodynamic Drag Analysis of 3-DOF Flex-Gimbal GyroWheel System in the Sense of Ground Test","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-12-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2560307331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s16122081","mag":"2560307331","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27941602"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s16122081","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s16122081","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/16/12/2081/pdf?version=1481100842","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/16/12/2081/pdf?version=1481100842","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103042152","display_name":"Xin Huo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4945-6271"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xin Huo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Control and Simulation Center, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Control and Simulation Center, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066683561","display_name":"Sizhao Feng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sizhao Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Control and Simulation Center, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Control and Simulation Center, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055137402","display_name":"Kang\u2010Zhi Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2826-7957"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159385669","display_name":"Chiba University","ror":"https://ror.org/01hjzeq58","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159385669"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kangzhi Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159385669"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100662924","display_name":"Libin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7270-0853"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Libin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Control and Simulation Center, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Control and Simulation Center, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064482165","display_name":"Weishan Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1272-1652"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weishan Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103042152"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":1.8928,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86195672,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"12","first_page":"2081","last_page":"2081"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13885","display_name":"Geophysics and Sensor Technology","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13885","display_name":"Geophysics and Sensor Technology","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11602","display_name":"Magnetic Bearings and Levitation Dynamics","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11325","display_name":"Inertial Sensor and Navigation","score":0.9851999878883362,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gimbal","display_name":"Gimbal","score":0.7762280702590942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerodynamics","display_name":"Aerodynamics","score":0.6894310116767883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-moment-gyroscope","display_name":"Control moment gyroscope","score":0.639869213104248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drag","display_name":"Drag","score":0.5415440201759338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rotor","display_name":"Rotor (electric)","score":0.5244962573051453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.5169498324394226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fluent","display_name":"Fluent","score":0.4937764108181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/helicopter-rotor","display_name":"Helicopter rotor","score":0.47501763701438904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.4143137037754059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.4019654095172882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-fluid-dynamics","display_name":"Computational fluid dynamics","score":0.35278624296188354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.3369573950767517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.3150262236595154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.2838159203529358}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125750033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1146104","display_name":"Gimbal","level":2,"score":0.7762280702590942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13393347","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8424","display_name":"Aerodynamics","level":2,"score":0.6894310116767883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134425645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1497982","display_name":"Control moment gyroscope","level":3,"score":0.639869213104248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72921944","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q206621","display_name":"Drag","level":2,"score":0.5415440201759338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17281054","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193466","display_name":"Rotor (electric)","level":2,"score":0.5244962573051453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.5169498324394226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780411076","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5462653","display_name":"Fluent","level":3,"score":0.4937764108181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177124886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1343028","display_name":"Helicopter rotor","level":3,"score":0.47501763701438904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.4143137037754059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.4019654095172882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1633027","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815820","display_name":"Computational fluid dynamics","level":2,"score":0.35278624296188354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.3369573950767517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3150262236595154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2838159203529358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s16122081","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s16122081","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/16/12/2081/pdf?version=1481100842","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:27941602","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27941602","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f5384c3e847a4e8bacff6652d85f19d9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f5384c3e847a4e8bacff6652d85f19d9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 16, Iss 12, p 2081 (2016)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/16/12/2081/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s16122081","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 16; Issue 12; Pages: 2081","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:5191062","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5191062","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s16122081","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s16122081","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/16/12/2081/pdf?version=1481100842","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4099999964237213,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3234636562","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61427809","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4379216314","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2015M571415","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6765973895","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HIT.NSRIF.201626","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7131643423","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"15K06133","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhkn466"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2560307331.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2560307331.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W192614101","https://openalex.org/W1059717899","https://openalex.org/W1665940140","https://openalex.org/W1968363137","https://openalex.org/W1975734423","https://openalex.org/W1981358971","https://openalex.org/W1992735911","https://openalex.org/W1994718918","https://openalex.org/W1999717642","https://openalex.org/W2013278261","https://openalex.org/W2016132409","https://openalex.org/W2018165982","https://openalex.org/W2028002748","https://openalex.org/W2028476052","https://openalex.org/W2028488358","https://openalex.org/W2035179658","https://openalex.org/W2041005472","https://openalex.org/W2044220337","https://openalex.org/W2055770383","https://openalex.org/W2056835945","https://openalex.org/W2100948482","https://openalex.org/W2156803406","https://openalex.org/W2162458218","https://openalex.org/W2169031778","https://openalex.org/W2314999153","https://openalex.org/W2317823058","https://openalex.org/W2336323523","https://openalex.org/W2500428251","https://openalex.org/W2512132133"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2393821599","https://openalex.org/W2940894672","https://openalex.org/W2077388134","https://openalex.org/W2221659834","https://openalex.org/W2891242671","https://openalex.org/W2135595091","https://openalex.org/W193363647","https://openalex.org/W2499468016","https://openalex.org/W2358378744","https://openalex.org/W2065153368"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"GyroWheel":[0,92,129,173],"is":[1,44,61,66,94,113,120,144,175,193],"an":[2,132],"innovative":[3],"device":[4],"that":[5],"combines":[6],"the":[7,16,33,36,39,48,51,71,82,89,103,109,124,128,138,140,147,157,163,168,172,196,202,210],"actuating":[8],"capabilities":[9,19],"of":[10,20,35,41,50,108,127,162,198],"a":[11,21,27,62],"control":[12,55],"moment":[13],"gyro":[14,24],"with":[15,86,131,152,179,212],"rate":[17],"sensing":[18],"tuned":[22],"rotor":[23,111,164,174],"by":[25,96,177],"using":[26],"spinning":[28,110],"flex-gimbal":[29,91],"system.":[30,136],"However,":[31],"in":[32,74,166,201],"process":[34],"ground":[37,203],"test,":[38],"existence":[40],"aerodynamic":[42,83,199],"disturbance":[43],"inevitable,":[45],"which":[46],"hinders":[47],"improvement":[49],"specification":[52],"performance":[53],"and":[54,76,99,115,146,159,186,195],"accuracy.":[56],"A":[57],"vacuum":[58],"tank":[59],"test":[60,204],"possible":[63],"candidate":[64],"but":[65],"sometimes":[67],"unrealistic":[68],"due":[69],"to":[70,88,156,181],"substantial":[72],"increase":[73],"costs":[75],"complexity":[77],"involved.":[78],"In":[79,137],"this":[80],"paper,":[81],"drag":[84,200],"problem":[85],"respect":[87,180],"3-DOF":[90],"system":[93,112,130],"investigated":[95],"simulation":[97,178,211],"analysis":[98],"experimental":[100,191,213],"verification.":[101],"Concretely,":[102],"angular":[104,184],"momentum":[105],"envelope":[106],"property":[107],"studied":[114],"its":[116,182],"integral":[117],"dynamical":[118],"model":[119,143,148],"deduced":[121],"based":[122],"on":[123],"physical":[125],"configuration":[126],"appropriately":[133],"defined":[134],"coordinate":[135],"sequel,":[139],"fluid":[141],"numerical":[142],"established":[145],"geometries":[149],"are":[150,206],"checked":[151],"FLUENT":[153],"software.":[154],"According":[155],"diversity":[158],"time-varying":[160],"properties":[161,197],"motions":[165],"three-dimensions,":[167],"airflow":[169],"field":[170],"around":[171],"analyzed":[176],"varying":[183],"velocity":[185],"tilt":[187],"angle.":[188],"The":[189],"IPC-based":[190],"platform":[192],"introduced,":[194],"condition":[205],"obtained":[207],"through":[208],"comparing":[209],"results.":[214]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}