{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2530262042","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s16101666","title":"Adaptive Collaborative Gaussian Mixture Probability Hypothesis Density Filter for Multi-Target Tracking","display_name":"Adaptive Collaborative Gaussian Mixture Probability Hypothesis Density Filter for Multi-Target Tracking","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-10-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2530262042","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s16101666","mag":"2530262042","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27727177"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s16101666","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s16101666","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/16/10/1666/pdf?version=1476177990","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/16/10/1666/pdf?version=1476177990","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062038689","display_name":"Feng Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6991-1628"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1327237609","display_name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01mv9t934","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feng Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Information Fusion Technology, Ministry of China, Xi\u2019an 710072, China","School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China","Key Laboratory of Information Fusion Technology, Ministry of China, Xi'an 710072, China","School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Information Fusion Technology, Ministry of China, Xi\u2019an 710072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Information Fusion Technology, Ministry of China, Xi'an 710072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101867698","display_name":"Yongqi Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6543-1051"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongqi Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southwest China Research Institute of Electronic Equipment (SWIEE), Chengdu 610036, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southwest China Research Institute of Electronic Equipment (SWIEE), Chengdu 610036, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059526453","display_name":"Hao Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8319-8101"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1327237609","display_name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01mv9t934","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Information Fusion Technology, Ministry of China, Xi\u2019an 710072, China","School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China","Key Laboratory of Information Fusion Technology, Ministry of China, Xi'an 710072, China","School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Information Fusion Technology, Ministry of China, Xi\u2019an 710072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Information Fusion Technology, Ministry of China, Xi'an 710072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012136828","display_name":"Pengyan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1837-9787"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1327237609","display_name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01mv9t934","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pengyan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Information Fusion Technology, Ministry of China, Xi\u2019an 710072, China","School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China","Key Laboratory of Information Fusion Technology, Ministry of China, Xi'an 710072, China","School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Information Fusion Technology, Ministry of China, Xi\u2019an 710072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Information Fusion Technology, Ministry of China, Xi'an 710072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100646875","display_name":"Yan Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4798-4257"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1327237609","display_name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01mv9t934","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yan Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Information Fusion Technology, Ministry of China, Xi\u2019an 710072, China","School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China","Key Laboratory of Information Fusion Technology, Ministry of China, Xi'an 710072, China","School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Information Fusion Technology, Ministry of China, Xi\u2019an 710072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an 710072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Information Fusion Technology, Ministry of China, Xi'an 710072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100646875"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609","https://openalex.org/I17145004"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"fwci":1.6437,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90185336,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"10","first_page":"1666","last_page":"1666"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12205","display_name":"Time Series Analysis and Forecasting","score":0.9767000079154968,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.944100022315979,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.7156864404678345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.6564971804618835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.6280073523521423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probability-density-function","display_name":"Probability density function","score":0.6129990220069885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5773887634277344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4268868565559387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3906215727329254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.36466777324676514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.27803218364715576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.2393823266029358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.234469473361969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.059882164001464844}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.7156864404678345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.6564971804618835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.6280073523521423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197055811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207522","display_name":"Probability density function","level":2,"score":0.6129990220069885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5773887634277344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4268868565559387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3906215727329254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.36466777324676514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.27803218364715576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.2393823266029358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.234469473361969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.059882164001464844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s16101666","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s16101666","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/16/10/1666/pdf?version=1476177990","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:27727177","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27727177","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f2172d68133c4d5e83cc873c3be63e9f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f2172d68133c4d5e83cc873c3be63e9f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 16, Iss 10, p 1666 (2016)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/16/10/1666/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s16101666","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 16; Issue 10; Pages: 1666","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:5087454","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5087454","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s16101666","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s16101666","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/16/10/1666/pdf?version=1476177990","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2530262042.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2530262042.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W34992941","https://openalex.org/W1964113075","https://openalex.org/W1985499982","https://openalex.org/W1995755936","https://openalex.org/W2014787937","https://openalex.org/W2018275473","https://openalex.org/W2020185935","https://openalex.org/W2053543324","https://openalex.org/W2055412590","https://openalex.org/W2106873007","https://openalex.org/W2126885789","https://openalex.org/W2137585588","https://openalex.org/W2143808940","https://openalex.org/W2155729356","https://openalex.org/W2169732458","https://openalex.org/W2175715835","https://openalex.org/W2282482941","https://openalex.org/W2512105818","https://openalex.org/W2519679787","https://openalex.org/W2571050459","https://openalex.org/W4244635056","https://openalex.org/W6664050348"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2084086966","https://openalex.org/W2023861399","https://openalex.org/W2730915376","https://openalex.org/W2626306547","https://openalex.org/W2021396365","https://openalex.org/W2394134009","https://openalex.org/W2119515433","https://openalex.org/W2009561238","https://openalex.org/W1340065","https://openalex.org/W2215635302"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"an":[3],"adaptive":[4],"collaborative":[5],"Gaussian":[6],"Mixture":[7],"Probability":[8,55],"Hypothesis":[9,56],"Density":[10],"(ACo-GMPHD)":[11],"filter":[12,83],"is":[13,69],"proposed":[14,82],"for":[15,48],"multi-target":[16],"tracking":[17,95],"with":[18],"automatic":[19],"track":[20],"extraction.":[21],"Based":[22],"on":[23],"the":[24,28,32,35,50,60,81],"evolutionary":[25],"difference":[26],"between":[27],"persistent":[29,43,51],"targets":[30],"and":[31,44,52,91],"birth":[33,45,53],"targets,":[34],"measurements":[36],"are":[37],"adaptively":[38],"partitioned":[39],"into":[40],"two":[41],"parts,":[42],"measurement":[46],"sets,":[47],"updating":[49],"target":[54],"Density,":[57],"respectively.":[58],"Furthermore,":[59],"collaboration":[61],"mechanism":[62],"of":[63],"multiple":[64],"probability":[65],"hypothesis":[66],"density":[67],"(PHDs)":[68],"established,":[70],"where":[71],"tracks":[72],"can":[73],"be":[74],"automatically":[75],"extracted.":[76],"Simulation":[77],"results":[78],"reveal":[79],"that":[80],"yields":[84],"considerable":[85],"computational":[86],"savings":[87],"in":[88,94],"processing":[89],"requirements":[90],"significant":[92],"improvement":[93],"accuracy.":[96]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-27T08:26:11.824852","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
