{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2504051713","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s16081254","title":"Reversed Three-Dimensional Visible Light Indoor Positioning Utilizing Annular Receivers with Multi-Photodiodes","display_name":"Reversed Three-Dimensional Visible Light Indoor Positioning Utilizing Annular Receivers with Multi-Photodiodes","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-08-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2504051713","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s16081254","mag":"2504051713","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27509504"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s16081254","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s16081254","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/16/8/1254/pdf?version=1470651056","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/16/8/1254/pdf?version=1470651056","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005199803","display_name":"Yinfan Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0570-1928"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yinfan Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MoE), Department of Communication Science and Engineering, Fudan University, No. 220, Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0570-1928","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MoE), Department of Communication Science and Engineering, Fudan University, No. 220, Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101839033","display_name":"Jiaqi Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3626-1360"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiaqi Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MoE), Department of Communication Science and Engineering, Fudan University, No. 220, Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MoE), Department of Communication Science and Engineering, Fudan University, No. 220, Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087519542","display_name":"Jianyang Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5478-3704"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianyang Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MoE), Department of Communication Science and Engineering, Fudan University, No. 220, Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MoE), Department of Communication Science and Engineering, Fudan University, No. 220, Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081905634","display_name":"Nan Chi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4966-3844"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nan Chi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MoE), Department of Communication Science and Engineering, Fudan University, No. 220, Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MoE), Department of Communication Science and Engineering, Fudan University, No. 220, Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5081905634"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":2.8512,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91331626,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"8","first_page":"1254","last_page":"1254"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13121","display_name":"Radio Wave Propagation Studies","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":0.9864000082015991,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photodiode","display_name":"Photodiode","score":0.9140301942825317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visible-light-communication","display_name":"Visible light communication","score":0.8152287602424622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/light-emitting-diode","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","score":0.700833797454834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.5424509644508362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.517642080783844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indoor-positioning-system","display_name":"Indoor positioning system","score":0.501314640045166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rss","display_name":"RSS","score":0.49078354239463806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.4677698016166687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ceiling","display_name":"Ceiling (cloud)","score":0.45646893978118896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diode","display_name":"Diode","score":0.4367339611053467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/positioning-system","display_name":"Positioning system","score":0.4121454060077667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radius","display_name":"RADIUS","score":0.4104255437850952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.35885319113731384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.32814374566078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.24429064989089966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.2112196981906891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accelerometer","display_name":"Accelerometer","score":0.09214121103286743}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C751236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175943","display_name":"Photodiode","level":2,"score":0.9140301942825317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160487672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1426313","display_name":"Visible light communication","level":3,"score":0.8152287602424622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176666156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25504","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","level":2,"score":0.700833797454834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.5424509644508362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.517642080783844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777486483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6026477","display_name":"Indoor positioning system","level":3,"score":0.501314640045166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2385561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45432","display_name":"RSS","level":2,"score":0.49078354239463806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.4677698016166687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777489069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1589822","display_name":"Ceiling (cloud)","level":2,"score":0.45646893978118896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78434282","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11656","display_name":"Diode","level":2,"score":0.4367339611053467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778603505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141406","display_name":"Positioning system","level":3,"score":0.4121454060077667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178635117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747499","display_name":"RADIUS","level":2,"score":0.4104255437850952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.35885319113731384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.32814374566078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.24429064989089966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.2112196981906891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89805583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192940","display_name":"Accelerometer","level":2,"score":0.09214121103286743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s16081254","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s16081254","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/16/8/1254/pdf?version=1470651056","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:27509504","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27509504","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a8fd7fb3b2614293bb7b6f89be9d77bd","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a8fd7fb3b2614293bb7b6f89be9d77bd","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 16, Iss 8, p 1254 (2016)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/16/8/1254/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s16081254","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 16; Issue 8; Pages: 1254","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:5017419","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5017419","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s16081254","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s16081254","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/16/8/1254/pdf?version=1470651056","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.5899999737739563}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5434194202","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"No. 61571133","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5688029142","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61571133","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2504051713.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2504051713.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1440897814","https://openalex.org/W1989045775","https://openalex.org/W1994349128","https://openalex.org/W1994689085","https://openalex.org/W2011747473","https://openalex.org/W2011831153","https://openalex.org/W2052756370","https://openalex.org/W2067295316","https://openalex.org/W2104243692","https://openalex.org/W2111265759","https://openalex.org/W2242405830","https://openalex.org/W2269277378","https://openalex.org/W2282219574","https://openalex.org/W2316110866","https://openalex.org/W2336510629","https://openalex.org/W6628331383"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2538316715","https://openalex.org/W2095730207","https://openalex.org/W2280661472","https://openalex.org/W2114873732","https://openalex.org/W2383599958","https://openalex.org/W4376163457","https://openalex.org/W2579348766","https://openalex.org/W3035614681","https://openalex.org/W2418090752","https://openalex.org/W4282920350"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Exploiting":[0],"the":[1,50,54,67,71,79,86,91,98,118,121,124,135,138],"increasingly":[2],"wide":[3],"use":[4],"of":[5,90,123,137],"light":[6,26],"emitting":[7],"diodes":[8],"(LEDs)":[9],"lighting,":[10],"in":[11,29,150],"this":[12],"paper":[13],"we":[14,41],"propose":[15],"a":[16,107],"reversed":[17],"indoor":[18,33],"positioning":[19,34,39,88,108],"system":[20,93],"(IPS)":[21],"based":[22],"on":[23,49],"LED":[24],"visible":[25],"communication":[27],"(VLC)":[28],"order":[30],"to":[31,52,65,77],"improve":[32],"accuracy.":[35],"Unlike":[36],"other":[37],"VLC":[38],"systems,":[40],"employ":[42],"two":[43,101],"annular":[44],"receivers":[45,102],"with":[46],"multi-photodiodes":[47,64],"installed":[48],"ceiling":[51],"locate":[53],"persons":[55],"who":[56],"carry":[57],"LEDs.":[58],"The":[59,81],"basic":[60],"idea":[61],"is":[62,94,103,127,141],"using":[63,70],"calculate":[66,78],"angle":[68],"while":[69],"received":[72],"signal":[73],"strength":[74],"(RSS)":[75],"method":[76],"distance.":[80],"experiment":[82],"results":[83],"show":[84],"that":[85,120],"effective":[87,149],"range":[89],"proposed":[92],"1.8":[95,144],"m":[96,113,130],"when":[97],"distance":[99,136],"between":[100,128],"1.2":[104],"m.":[105],"Moreover,":[106],"error":[109],"less":[110,142],"than":[111,143],"0.2":[112,132],"can":[114],"be":[115,148],"achieved":[116],"under":[117],"condition":[119],"radius":[122],"PIN":[125],"circle":[126],"0.16":[129],"and":[131,134],"m,":[133,145],"transmitter-receiver":[139],"plane":[140],"which":[146],"will":[147],"practice.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}