{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2300948180","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s16030397","title":"Employing an Incentive Spirometer to Calibrate Tidal Volumes Estimated from a Smartphone Camera","display_name":"Employing an Incentive Spirometer to Calibrate Tidal Volumes Estimated from a Smartphone Camera","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-03-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2300948180","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s16030397","mag":"2300948180","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26999152"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s16030397","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s16030397","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/16/3/397/pdf?version=1458289565","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/16/3/397/pdf?version=1458289565","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030758566","display_name":"Bersa\u00edn A. Reyes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6082-9767"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I140172145","display_name":"University of Connecticut","ror":"https://ror.org/02der9h97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bersain Reyes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051912579","display_name":"Nata\u0161a Reljin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8799-9379"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I140172145","display_name":"University of Connecticut","ror":"https://ror.org/02der9h97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Natasa Reljin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055124130","display_name":"Youngsun Kong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5409-3888"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24541011","display_name":"Soonchunhyang University","ror":"https://ror.org/03qjsrb10","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24541011"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Youngsun Kong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 336-745, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 336-745, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24541011"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056024500","display_name":"Yunyoung Nam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3318-9394"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24541011","display_name":"Soonchunhyang University","ror":"https://ror.org/03qjsrb10","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24541011"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunyoung Nam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 336-745, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 336-745, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24541011"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051200560","display_name":"Sangho Ha","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24541011","display_name":"Soonchunhyang University","ror":"https://ror.org/03qjsrb10","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24541011"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sangho Ha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 336-745, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 336-745, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24541011"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032573836","display_name":"Ki H. Chon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4422-4837"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I140172145","display_name":"University of Connecticut","ror":"https://ror.org/02der9h97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ki Chon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5032573836"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.8748,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73738267,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"3","first_page":"397","last_page":"397"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10143","display_name":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12120","display_name":"Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting","score":0.991100013256073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spirometer","display_name":"Spirometer","score":0.9441739320755005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calibration","display_name":"Calibration","score":0.6718057990074158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-squared-error","display_name":"Mean squared error","score":0.6344245672225952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.5129618048667908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5025410652160645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.49773338437080383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.4843496084213257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.4659406244754791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3353744447231293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.21442848443984985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surgery","display_name":"Surgery","score":0.08680304884910583}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776727875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1344868","display_name":"Spirometer","level":5,"score":0.9441739320755005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.6718057990074158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.6344245672225952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.5129618048667908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5025410652160645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.49773338437080383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4843496084213257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.4659406244754791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3353744447231293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.21442848443984985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.08680304884910583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780769369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4375","display_name":"Bronchoconstriction","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781142857","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5420174","display_name":"Exhaled nitric oxide","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105922876","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423981","display_name":"Airway","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000068997","descriptor_name":"Smartphone","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000068997","descriptor_name":"Smartphone","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000068997","descriptor_name":"Smartphone","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002138","descriptor_name":"Calibration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002138","descriptor_name":"Calibration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002138","descriptor_name":"Calibration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008991","descriptor_name":"Monitoring, Physiologic","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008991","descriptor_name":"Monitoring, Physiologic","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008991","descriptor_name":"Monitoring, Physiologic","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008991","descriptor_name":"Monitoring, Physiologic","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008991","descriptor_name":"Monitoring, Physiologic","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008991","descriptor_name":"Monitoring, Physiologic","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012119","descriptor_name":"Respiration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012119","descriptor_name":"Respiration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012119","descriptor_name":"Respiration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013147","descriptor_name":"Spirometry","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013147","descriptor_name":"Spirometry","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013147","descriptor_name":"Spirometry","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013147","descriptor_name":"Spirometry","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013147","descriptor_name":"Spirometry","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013147","descriptor_name":"Spirometry","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013990","descriptor_name":"Tidal Volume","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013990","descriptor_name":"Tidal Volume","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013990","descriptor_name":"Tidal Volume","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D056152","descriptor_name":"Respiratory Rate","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D056152","descriptor_name":"Respiratory Rate","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D056152","descriptor_name":"Respiratory Rate","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s16030397","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s16030397","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/16/3/397/pdf?version=1458289565","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:26999152","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26999152","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:15fa6f868d1d456e901d461361f145e9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/15fa6f868d1d456e901d461361f145e9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 16, Iss 3, p 397 (2016)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:3792460","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4813972","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/16/3/397/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s16030397","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 16; Issue 3; Pages: 397","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s16030397","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s16030397","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/16/3/397/pdf?version=1458289565","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2300948180.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2300948180.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1553951864","https://openalex.org/W1945187647","https://openalex.org/W1982692087","https://openalex.org/W1988071329","https://openalex.org/W1998391547","https://openalex.org/W2006897266","https://openalex.org/W2008821584","https://openalex.org/W2011049057","https://openalex.org/W2020211431","https://openalex.org/W2055765136","https://openalex.org/W2060642847","https://openalex.org/W2071753112","https://openalex.org/W2076374554","https://openalex.org/W2093038151","https://openalex.org/W2117320287","https://openalex.org/W2125078269","https://openalex.org/W2138886600","https://openalex.org/W2139293067","https://openalex.org/W2149796931","https://openalex.org/W2171990508","https://openalex.org/W2222401294","https://openalex.org/W2274395959","https://openalex.org/W2292983826","https://openalex.org/W2313228245","https://openalex.org/W2344496991","https://openalex.org/W4245839395","https://openalex.org/W6685365903"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3089003976","https://openalex.org/W3164432897","https://openalex.org/W2006140217","https://openalex.org/W2440824271","https://openalex.org/W2151202405","https://openalex.org/W2196322241","https://openalex.org/W3125536267","https://openalex.org/W2274645452","https://openalex.org/W1999706086","https://openalex.org/W2521753262"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"smartphone-based":[1,226],"tidal":[2],"volume":[3],"(V(T))":[4],"estimator":[5],"was":[6],"recently":[7],"introduced":[8],"by":[9,32,82],"our":[10,151],"research":[11,75],"group,":[12],"where":[13],"an":[14,166,206],"Android":[15],"application":[16],"provides":[17,231],"a":[18,33,37,64,87,90,119,130,155,170,177,194,224,246],"chest":[19],"movement":[20],"signal":[21],"whose":[22],"peak-to-peak":[23],"amplitude":[24],"is":[25,69,99],"highly":[26],"correlated":[27],"with":[28],"reference":[29],"V(T)":[30,116],"measured":[31],"spirometer.":[34],"We":[35],"found":[36,160],"Normalized":[38],"Root":[39],"Mean":[40],"Squared":[41],"Error":[42],"(NRMSE)":[43],"of":[44,63,108,173,179,211,222],"14.998%":[45],"\u00b1":[46,49,181,187],"5.171%":[47],"(mean":[48],"SD)":[50],"when":[51,189],"the":[52,61,83,109,126,162,201,209,220,239],"smartphone":[53,113],"measures":[54],"were":[55,136],"calibrated":[56],"using":[57,122,154,165,205],"spirometer":[58,65,133,156],"data.":[59],"However,":[60],"availability":[62],"device":[66],"for":[67,157],"calibration":[68,92,120,163,203],"not":[70,94],"realistic":[71],"outside":[72],"clinical":[73],"or":[74],"environments.":[76],"In":[77,101,145],"order":[78],"to":[79,117,147,185,238],"be":[80],"used":[81],"general":[84],"population":[85],"on":[86,96,138,245],"daily":[88,247],"basis,":[89],"simple":[91],"procedure":[93,164,204],"relying":[95],"specialized":[97],"devices":[98],"required.":[100],"this":[102],"study,":[103],"we":[104,159],"propose":[105],"taking":[106],"advantage":[107],"linear":[110],"correlation":[111],"between":[112],"measurements":[114],"and":[115,176,197,215],"obtain":[118],"model":[121],"information":[123,232],"computed":[124],"while":[125],"subject":[127],"breathes":[128],"through":[129],"commercially-available":[131],"incentive":[132],"(IS).":[134],"Experiments":[135],"performed":[137],"twelve":[139],"(N":[140],"=":[141],"12)":[142],"healthy":[143],"subjects.":[144],"addition":[146,237],"corroborating":[148],"findings":[149],"from":[150],"previous":[152],"study":[153,218],"calibration,":[158],"that":[161,230],"IS":[167,207],"resulted":[168],"in":[169,236],"fixed":[171],"bias":[172],"-0.051":[174],"L":[175,183],"RMSE":[178],"0.189":[180],"0.074":[182],"corresponding":[184],"18.559%":[186],"6.579%":[188],"normalized.":[190],"Although":[191],"it":[192],"has":[193,208],"small":[195],"underestimation":[196],"slightly":[198],"increased":[199],"error,":[200],"proposed":[202],"advantages":[210],"being":[212],"simple,":[213],"fast,":[214],"affordable.":[216],"This":[217],"supports":[219],"feasibility":[221],"developing":[223],"portable":[225],"breathing":[227,234],"status":[228],"monitor":[229],"about":[233],"depth,":[235],"more":[240],"commonly":[241],"estimated":[242],"respiratory":[243],"rate,":[244],"basis.":[248]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}