{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2213665056","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s16010009","title":"Service-Aware Clustering: An Energy-Efficient Model for the Internet-of-Things","display_name":"Service-Aware Clustering: An Energy-Efficient Model for the Internet-of-Things","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-12-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2213665056","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s16010009","mag":"2213665056","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26703619"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s16010009","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s16010009","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/16/1/9/pdf?version=1450866363","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/16/1/9/pdf?version=1450866363","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063116320","display_name":"Antoine Bagula","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0774-5251"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I869660684","display_name":"University of the Western Cape","ror":"https://ror.org/00h2vm590","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I869660684"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Antoine Bagula","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Systems and Advanced Telecommunication Laboratory, Department of Computer Science, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, Cape Town 7535, South Africa"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Systems and Advanced Telecommunication Laboratory, Department of Computer Science, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, Cape Town 7535, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I869660684"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060691166","display_name":"Ademola P. Abidoye","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5088-5159"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I869660684","display_name":"University of the Western Cape","ror":"https://ror.org/00h2vm590","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I869660684"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ademola Abidoye","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Systems and Advanced Telecommunication Laboratory, Department of Computer Science, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, Cape Town 7535, South Africa"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Systems and Advanced Telecommunication Laboratory, Department of Computer Science, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, Cape Town 7535, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I869660684"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011400080","display_name":"Guy-Alain Lusilao Zodi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I101993903","display_name":"Namibia University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03gg1ey66","country_code":"NA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I101993903"]}],"countries":["NA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guy-Alain Zodi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Namibia University of Science and Technology (NUST), Private Bag 13888, Windhoek 9000, Namibia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Namibia University of Science and Technology (NUST), Private Bag 13888, Windhoek 9000, Namibia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I101993903"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063116320"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I869660684"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":3.8626,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":38,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94102558,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"1","first_page":"9","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.7286375761032104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.6937031745910645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6586952209472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.6267775893211365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing-protocol","display_name":"Routing protocol","score":0.6052238345146179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.5550963282585144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.5416292548179626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.5334302186965942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.47213655710220337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/static-routing","display_name":"Static routing","score":0.4697815477848053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.4634959399700165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/link-state-routing-protocol","display_name":"Link-state routing protocol","score":0.4432711601257324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distance-vector-routing-protocol","display_name":"Distance-vector routing protocol","score":0.43339964747428894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchical-routing","display_name":"Hierarchical routing","score":0.42215144634246826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.41713792085647583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.28796547651290894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.18939587473869324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.08998933434486389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.06579279899597168}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.7286375761032104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.6937031745910645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6586952209472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.6267775893211365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104954878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648707","display_name":"Routing protocol","level":3,"score":0.6052238345146179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.5550963282585144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.5416292548179626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.5334302186965942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.47213655710220337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204948658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1119410","display_name":"Static routing","level":4,"score":0.4697815477848053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.4634959399700165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89305328","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1755411","display_name":"Link-state routing protocol","level":4,"score":0.4432711601257324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202385902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1229441","display_name":"Distance-vector routing protocol","level":5,"score":0.43339964747428894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177818476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12878103","display_name":"Hierarchical routing","level":5,"score":0.42215144634246826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.41713792085647583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.28796547651290894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.18939587473869324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.08998933434486389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.06579279899597168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s16010009","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s16010009","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/16/1/9/pdf?version=1450866363","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:26703619","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26703619","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:fe47194f56ef459a8e2e562660354fac","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/fe47194f56ef459a8e2e562660354fac","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 16, Iss 1, Pp 9-0 (2015)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/16/1/9/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s16010009","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 16; Issue 1; Pages: 9","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4732042","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4732042","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.uwc.ac.za:10566/2495","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10566/2495","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400180","display_name":"UWC Research Repository (University of the Western Cape)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I869660684","host_organization_name":"University of the Western Cape","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I869660684"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s16010009","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s16010009","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/16/1/9/pdf?version=1450866363","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.9100000262260437,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2213665056.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2213665056.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W126183611","https://openalex.org/W273242334","https://openalex.org/W1037332145","https://openalex.org/W1551845837","https://openalex.org/W1567086063","https://openalex.org/W1823788801","https://openalex.org/W1987502209","https://openalex.org/W2005968857","https://openalex.org/W2069207215","https://openalex.org/W2094548219","https://openalex.org/W2096599888","https://openalex.org/W2104846640","https://openalex.org/W2106335692","https://openalex.org/W2127945937","https://openalex.org/W2130495402","https://openalex.org/W2132549513","https://openalex.org/W2142979562","https://openalex.org/W2145425242","https://openalex.org/W2159407597","https://openalex.org/W2170800265","https://openalex.org/W2171904402","https://openalex.org/W2262829838","https://openalex.org/W2293137882","https://openalex.org/W4249452995","https://openalex.org/W4252834891","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6651773200"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1997091564","https://openalex.org/W2373440974","https://openalex.org/W2012247215","https://openalex.org/W2609469452","https://openalex.org/W2312346731","https://openalex.org/W2356848392","https://openalex.org/W1583683076","https://openalex.org/W2096480024","https://openalex.org/W2361521232","https://openalex.org/W2128290380"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Current":[0],"generation":[1],"wireless":[2],"sensor":[3,50,54,60,78,86,136],"routing":[4,15,31,52,128],"algorithms":[5,129],"and":[6,27,47,140,149,161,175],"protocols":[7],"have":[8,23],"been":[9],"designed":[10],"based":[11],"on":[12],"a":[13,34,82,100],"myopic":[14],"approach,":[16],"where":[17,85],"the":[18,24,38,53,57,64,72,116,121,135,153,168],"motes":[19],"are":[20],"assumed":[21],"to":[22,44,80,98,126],"same":[25],"sensing":[26],"communication":[28],"capabilities.":[29],"Myopic":[30],"is":[32,90],"not":[33],"natural":[35],"fit":[36],"for":[37],"IoT,":[39],"as":[40,165,167,173],"it":[41],"may":[42],"lead":[43],"energy":[45,75,94,118,133,156],"imbalance":[46],"subsequent":[48],"short-lived":[49],"networks,":[51],"readings":[55],"over":[56],"most":[58,169],"service-intensive":[59],"nodes,":[61],"while":[62],"leaving":[63],"least":[65],"active":[66],"nodes":[67],"idle.":[68],"This":[69],"paper":[70],"revisits":[71],"issue":[73],"of":[74,120,132,147],"efficiency":[76,119,144],"in":[77,109,130,145],"networks":[79],"propose":[81],"clustering":[83,101,106,158],"model":[84],"devices'":[87],"service":[88],"delivery":[89],"mapped":[91],"into":[92],"an":[93],"awareness":[95],"model,":[96],"used":[97],"design":[99],"algorithm":[102,124],"that":[103],"finds":[104],"service-aware":[105],"(SAC)":[107],"configurations":[108],"IoT":[110],"settings.":[111],"The":[112],"performance":[113],"evaluation":[114],"reveals":[115],"relative":[117],"proposed":[122],"SAC":[123],"compared":[125],"related":[127],"terms":[131,146],"consumption,":[134],"nodes'":[137],"life":[138],"span":[139],"its":[141],"traffic":[142],"engineering":[143],"throughput":[148],"delay.":[150],"These":[151],"include":[152],"well-known":[154],"low":[155],"adaptive":[157],"hierarchy":[159],"(LEACH)":[160],"LEACH-centralized":[162],"(LEACH-C)":[163],"algorithms,":[164,171],"well":[166],"recent":[170],"such":[172],"DECSA":[174],"MOCRN.":[176]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}