{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2187093997","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s151229767","title":"Enhanced Two-Factor Authentication and Key Agreement Using Dynamic Identities in Wireless Sensor Networks","display_name":"Enhanced Two-Factor Authentication and Key Agreement Using Dynamic Identities in Wireless Sensor Networks","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-11-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2187093997","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s151229767","mag":"2187093997","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26633396"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s151229767","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s151229767","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/15/12/29767/pdf?version=1448868355","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/15/12/29767/pdf?version=1448868355","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077301049","display_name":"I\u2010Pin Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0852-2471"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I18960004","display_name":"University of Kang Ning","ror":"https://ror.org/05hewaf81","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I18960004"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I-Pin Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Digital Applications, Kang Ning University, Tainan 70970, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Digital Applications, Kang Ning University, Tainan 70970, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I18960004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044902642","display_name":"Tian\u2010Fu Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8454-5803"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189772984","display_name":"Tzu Chi University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ss1bw11","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189772984"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tian-Fu Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Informatics, Tzu Chi University, No. 701, Zhongyang Road, Sec. 3, Hualien 97004, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Informatics, Tzu Chi University, No. 701, Zhongyang Road, Sec. 3, Hualien 97004, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189772984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083139586","display_name":"Tsung\u2010Hung Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5601-4415"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65446980","display_name":"National Chin-Yi University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/040bs6h16","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65446980"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tsung-Hung Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, Taichung 41170, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5601-4415","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, Taichung 41170, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65446980"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008534258","display_name":"Chuan-Ming Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9005-5715"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118292597","display_name":"National Taipei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00cn92c09","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118292597"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chuan-Ming Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9005-5715","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118292597"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5044902642"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189772984"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"fwci":4.3031,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":61,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94484603,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"12","first_page":"29841","last_page":"29854"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11504","display_name":"Advanced Authentication Protocols Security","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11504","display_name":"Advanced Authentication Protocols Security","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11498","display_name":"Security in Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9829000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6808545589447021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/password","display_name":"Password","score":0.6465822458267212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.637275755405426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.6221981644630432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5646642446517944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5426647067070007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/session-key","display_name":"Session key","score":0.5404035449028015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/challenge\u2013response-authentication","display_name":"Challenge\u2013response authentication","score":0.5172746777534485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-factor-authentication","display_name":"Multi-factor authentication","score":0.5133899450302124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/password-cracking","display_name":"Password cracking","score":0.477505624294281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-card","display_name":"Smart card","score":0.4669286906719208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication-protocol","display_name":"Authentication protocol","score":0.35311228036880493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.10805439949035645}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6808545589447021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109297577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161157","display_name":"Password","level":2,"score":0.6465822458267212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.637275755405426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.6221981644630432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5646642446517944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5426647067070007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191197275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1755775","display_name":"Session key","level":3,"score":0.5404035449028015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131129157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059963","display_name":"Challenge\u2013response authentication","level":4,"score":0.5172746777534485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194699767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7878662","display_name":"Multi-factor authentication","level":4,"score":0.5133899450302124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3847113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2746524","display_name":"Password cracking","level":5,"score":0.477505624294281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110406131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41349","display_name":"Smart card","level":2,"score":0.4669286906719208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21564112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825885","display_name":"Authentication protocol","level":3,"score":0.35311228036880493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.10805439949035645}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003195","descriptor_name":"Computer Communication Networks","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003195","descriptor_name":"Computer Communication Networks","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003195","descriptor_name":"Computer Communication Networks","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013686","descriptor_name":"Telemetry","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013686","descriptor_name":"Telemetry","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013686","descriptor_name":"Telemetry","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016494","descriptor_name":"Computer Security","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016494","descriptor_name":"Computer Security","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016494","descriptor_name":"Computer Security","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017216","descriptor_name":"Telemedicine","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017216","descriptor_name":"Telemedicine","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017216","descriptor_name":"Telemedicine","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s151229767","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s151229767","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/15/12/29767/pdf?version=1448868355","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:26633396","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26633396","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:79c551617018438e9190c2b8a0750290","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/79c551617018438e9190c2b8a0750290","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 15, Iss 12, Pp 29841-29854 (2015)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/15/12/29767/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s151229767","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 15; Issue 12; Pages: 29841-29854","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/15/12/29841/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s151229767","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4721688","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4721688","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s151229767","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s151229767","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/15/12/29767/pdf?version=1448868355","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2187093997.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W203500824","https://openalex.org/W1483299212","https://openalex.org/W1812180340","https://openalex.org/W1967399643","https://openalex.org/W1986199471","https://openalex.org/W2007287631","https://openalex.org/W2012768513","https://openalex.org/W2015207020","https://openalex.org/W2025700917","https://openalex.org/W2051043592","https://openalex.org/W2061779868","https://openalex.org/W2079199297","https://openalex.org/W2113999696","https://openalex.org/W2124926080","https://openalex.org/W2132736027","https://openalex.org/W2161219541","https://openalex.org/W2333483442","https://openalex.org/W2396016569","https://openalex.org/W2397628270","https://openalex.org/W2403828610","https://openalex.org/W2437419000","https://openalex.org/W6678448622","https://openalex.org/W6712049889","https://openalex.org/W6712301047","https://openalex.org/W6713331607","https://openalex.org/W6718077167"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2050433615","https://openalex.org/W128488073","https://openalex.org/W2093798919","https://openalex.org/W2907262898","https://openalex.org/W3022695109","https://openalex.org/W3101929529","https://openalex.org/W2135836328","https://openalex.org/W2393298610","https://openalex.org/W3011316886","https://openalex.org/W4375928407"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Key":[0],"agreements":[1],"that":[2,88],"use":[3,43],"only":[4,178],"password":[5],"authentication":[6,32,38,45,52,74,120,156],"are":[7,61],"convenient":[8],"in":[9,46,64],"communication":[10],"networks,":[11],"but":[12,185],"these":[13],"key":[14,40,54,76,122,144,158],"agreement":[15,41,55,77,123,159],"schemes":[16,42,56],"often":[17],"fail":[18],"to":[19,48,95,132,148],"resist":[20,96],"possible":[21],"attacks,":[22,103,134,140],"and":[23,39,53,59,75,100,104,121,138,146,154,157],"therefore":[24],"provide":[25],"poor":[26],"security":[27,188],"compared":[28],"with":[29],"some":[30],"other":[31],"schemes.":[33],"To":[34],"increase":[35],"security,":[36,145],"many":[37,65],"smartcard":[44,136],"addition":[47],"passwords.":[49],"Thus,":[50],"two-factor":[51,73,119],"using":[57],"smartcards":[58],"passwords":[60],"widely":[62],"adopted":[63],"applications.":[66],"Vaidya":[67,90],"et":[68,85,91,127,169],"al.":[69,86,92,170],"recently":[70],"presented":[71],"a":[72],"scheme":[78,93,109,124,160,166,176],"for":[79,110,161],"wireless":[80],"sensor":[81],"networks":[82],"(WSNs).":[83],"Kim":[84,126,168],"observed":[87],"the":[89,115,118,165,180],"fails":[94],"gateway":[97],"node":[98],"bypassing":[99],"user":[101,150],"impersonation":[102,133],"then":[105,172],"proposed":[106,175],"an":[107],"improved":[108],"WSNs.":[111],"This":[112],"study":[113],"analyzes":[114],"weaknesses":[116,181],"of":[117,125,142,167,182],"al.,":[128],"which":[129],"include":[130],"vulnerability":[131],"lost":[135],"attacks":[137],"man-in-the-middle":[139],"violation":[141],"session":[143],"failure":[147],"protect":[149],"privacy.":[151],"An":[152],"efficient":[153],"secure":[155],"WSNs":[162],"based":[163],"on":[164],"is":[171],"proposed.":[173],"The":[174],"not":[177],"solves":[179],"previous":[183],"approaches,":[184],"also":[186],"increases":[187],"requirements":[189],"while":[190],"maintaining":[191],"low":[192],"computational":[193],"cost.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}