{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2032693743","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s150203650","title":"Eye-Safe Lidar System for Pesticide Spray Drift Measurement","display_name":"Eye-Safe Lidar System for Pesticide Spray Drift Measurement","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-02-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2032693743","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s150203650","mag":"2032693743","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25658395"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s150203650","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s150203650","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/15/2/3650/pdf?version=1423047512","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/15/2/3650/pdf?version=1423047512","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071750441","display_name":"Eduard Gregorio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0553-1006"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15766328","display_name":"Universitat de Lleida","ror":"https://ror.org/050c3cw24","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15766328"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Eduard Gregorio","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agricultural and Forest Engineering, Research Group on AgroICT & Precision Agriculture, Universitat de Lleida (UdL), Campus Cappont, Bldg CREA, Pere de Cabrera s/n, 25001 Lleida, Spain","Department of Agricultural and Forest Engineering, Research Group on AgroICT & Precision Agriculture, Universitat de Lleida (UdL), Campus Cappont, Bldg CREA, Pere de Cabrera s/n, 25001 Lleida, Spain. egregorio@eagrof.udl.cat"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agricultural and Forest Engineering, Research Group on AgroICT & Precision Agriculture, Universitat de Lleida (UdL), Campus Cappont, Bldg CREA, Pere de Cabrera s/n, 25001 Lleida, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15766328"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agricultural and Forest Engineering, Research Group on AgroICT & Precision Agriculture, Universitat de Lleida (UdL), Campus Cappont, Bldg CREA, Pere de Cabrera s/n, 25001 Lleida, Spain. egregorio@eagrof.udl.cat","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15766328"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071525672","display_name":"Francesc Rocadenbosch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8614-4408"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/03mb6wj31","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francesc Rocadenbosch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Remote Sensing Laboratory, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya (UPC), Campus Nord, Bldg D4, Jordi Girona 1-3, 08034 Barcelona, Spain","Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Remote Sensing Laboratory, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya (UPC), Campus Nord, Bldg D4, Jordi Girona 1-3, 08034 Barcelona, Spain. roca@tsc.upc.edu"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Remote Sensing Laboratory, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya (UPC), Campus Nord, Bldg D4, Jordi Girona 1-3, 08034 Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Remote Sensing Laboratory, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya (UPC), Campus Nord, Bldg D4, Jordi Girona 1-3, 08034 Barcelona, Spain. roca@tsc.upc.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061612286","display_name":"Ricardo Sanz","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15766328","display_name":"Universitat de Lleida","ror":"https://ror.org/050c3cw24","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15766328"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ricardo Sanz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agricultural and Forest Engineering, Research Group on AgroICT & Precision Agriculture, Universitat de Lleida (UdL), Campus ETSEA, Av/ Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain","Department of Agricultural and Forest Engineering, Research Group on AgroICT & Precision Agriculture, Universitat de Lleida (UdL), Campus ETSEA, Av/ Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain. rsanz@eagrof.udl.cat"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agricultural and Forest Engineering, Research Group on AgroICT & Precision Agriculture, Universitat de Lleida (UdL), Campus ETSEA, Av/ Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15766328"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agricultural and Forest Engineering, Research Group on AgroICT & Precision Agriculture, Universitat de Lleida (UdL), Campus ETSEA, Av/ Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain. rsanz@eagrof.udl.cat","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15766328"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016068388","display_name":"Joan R. Rosell-Polo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15766328","display_name":"Universitat de Lleida","ror":"https://ror.org/050c3cw24","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15766328"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joan Rosell-Polo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agricultural and Forest Engineering, Research Group on AgroICT & Precision Agriculture, Universitat de Lleida (UdL), Campus ETSEA, Av/ Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain","Department of Agricultural and Forest Engineering, Research Group on AgroICT & Precision Agriculture, Universitat de Lleida (UdL), Campus ETSEA, Av/ Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain. jr.rosell@eagrof.udl.cat"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6746-2830","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agricultural and Forest Engineering, Research Group on AgroICT & Precision Agriculture, Universitat de Lleida (UdL), Campus ETSEA, Av/ Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15766328"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agricultural and Forest Engineering, Research Group on AgroICT & Precision Agriculture, Universitat de Lleida (UdL), Campus ETSEA, Av/ Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain. jr.rosell@eagrof.udl.cat","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15766328"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5071750441"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15766328"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":4.1249,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93051034,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"2","first_page":"3650","last_page":"3670"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12161","display_name":"Plant Surface Properties and Treatments","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12161","display_name":"Plant Surface Properties and Treatments","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12321","display_name":"Insect Pheromone Research and Control","score":0.9908999800682068,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1109","display_name":"Insect Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.9765999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lidar","display_name":"Lidar","score":0.861021876335144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.6760606169700623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6559072732925415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ranging","display_name":"Ranging","score":0.6518300771713257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sampling","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","score":0.4995732307434082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser","display_name":"Laser","score":0.4738776385784149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calibration","display_name":"Calibration","score":0.4410865604877472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.3824934661388397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.2661464214324951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.22866138815879822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.18367767333984375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.13232466578483582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.11611968278884888}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51399673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504027","display_name":"Lidar","level":2,"score":0.861021876335144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6760606169700623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6559072732925415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115051666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6522493","display_name":"Ranging","level":2,"score":0.6518300771713257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140779682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210868","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","level":3,"score":0.4995732307434082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.4738776385784149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.4410865604877472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.3824934661388397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2661464214324951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.22866138815879822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.18367767333984375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.13232466578483582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.11611968278884888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000383","descriptor_name":"Agriculture","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000383","descriptor_name":"Agriculture","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000383","descriptor_name":"Agriculture","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004784","descriptor_name":"Environmental Monitoring","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004784","descriptor_name":"Environmental Monitoring","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004784","descriptor_name":"Environmental Monitoring","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008027","descriptor_name":"Light","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008027","descriptor_name":"Light","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008027","descriptor_name":"Light","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010575","descriptor_name":"Pesticides","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010575","descriptor_name":"Pesticides","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010575","descriptor_name":"Pesticides","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010575","descriptor_name":"Pesticides","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010575","descriptor_name":"Pesticides","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010575","descriptor_name":"Pesticides","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058998","descriptor_name":"Remote Sensing Technology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058998","descriptor_name":"Remote Sensing Technology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058998","descriptor_name":"Remote Sensing Technology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":8,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s150203650","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s150203650","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/15/2/3650/pdf?version=1423047512","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:25658395","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25658395","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:dnet:raudl_______::34724b4fbfb3ebc72bb60a674ed2ff8f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/48675","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402641","display_name":"LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Cient\u00edficas)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4383465926","host_organization_name":"LA Referencia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4383465926"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dnet:upcommonspor::c74bc1b469c0cb5b973a7c9915784efa","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2117/27282","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402641","display_name":"LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Cient\u00edficas)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4383465926","host_organization_name":"LA Referencia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4383465926"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/27282","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2117/27282","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196262","display_name":"UPCommons institutional repository (Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","host_organization_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:fe75e8224d1a46218c5906e73319d5d9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/fe75e8224d1a46218c5906e73319d5d9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 15, Iss 2, Pp 3650-3670 (2015)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/15/2/3650/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s150203650","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4367378","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4367378","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s150203650","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s150203650","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/15/2/3650/pdf?version=1423047512","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1873072811","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AGL2010-22304-04-C03-03","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321837","display_name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad","ror":"https://ror.org/034900433"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n","ror":"https://ror.org/034900433"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2032693743.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2032693743.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W608255002","https://openalex.org/W1524438330","https://openalex.org/W1549978788","https://openalex.org/W1614122057","https://openalex.org/W1668625179","https://openalex.org/W1834027546","https://openalex.org/W1969605841","https://openalex.org/W1972561463","https://openalex.org/W1973993605","https://openalex.org/W1978514064","https://openalex.org/W1986694497","https://openalex.org/W1988099112","https://openalex.org/W1988494609","https://openalex.org/W1991421757","https://openalex.org/W2001319411","https://openalex.org/W2005424341","https://openalex.org/W2013459145","https://openalex.org/W2017095523","https://openalex.org/W2034197810","https://openalex.org/W2034306070","https://openalex.org/W2034642540","https://openalex.org/W2047667101","https://openalex.org/W2049702492","https://openalex.org/W2053575451","https://openalex.org/W2068455429","https://openalex.org/W2072038055","https://openalex.org/W2076306505","https://openalex.org/W2076618771","https://openalex.org/W2085470249","https://openalex.org/W2091368808","https://openalex.org/W2097461643","https://openalex.org/W2107069419","https://openalex.org/W2132153546","https://openalex.org/W2132584414","https://openalex.org/W2139368584","https://openalex.org/W2145354815","https://openalex.org/W2178280671","https://openalex.org/W2408378449","https://openalex.org/W4244645320","https://openalex.org/W4245243344"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2783354812","https://openalex.org/W4384112194","https://openalex.org/W2103009189","https://openalex.org/W4312958259","https://openalex.org/W4308259661","https://openalex.org/W4390813131","https://openalex.org/W2349383066","https://openalex.org/W4328132048","https://openalex.org/W2594043982","https://openalex.org/W3036493597"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Spray":[0],"drift":[1,30,69,187],"is":[2,20,31,99,129,138],"one":[3],"of":[4,8,17,44,47,76,121,126,199],"the":[5,48,56,88,111,119,163,194],"main":[6],"sources":[7],"pesticide":[9,49,77,122,201],"contamination.":[10],"For":[11],"this":[12,18,127],"reason,":[13],"an":[14,65,97,147,151],"accurate":[15],"understanding":[16],"phenomenon":[19],"necessary":[21],"in":[22,36,185],"order":[23],"to":[24,169,192],"limit":[25],"its":[26,105,190],"effects.":[27],"Nowadays,":[28],"spray":[29,68,186],"usually":[32],"studied":[33],"by":[34,204],"using":[35],"situ":[37],"collectors":[38],"which":[39],"only":[40],"allow":[41],"time-integrated":[42],"sampling":[43],"specific":[45],"points":[46],"clouds.":[50,123],"Previous":[51],"research":[52],"has":[53,102,166,181],"demonstrated":[54],"that":[55,90],"light":[57],"detection":[58],"and":[59,82,155,196,211],"ranging":[60],"(lidar)":[61],"technique":[62,72],"can":[63],"be":[64],"alternative":[66],"for":[67,95,118],"monitoring.":[70],"This":[71,108],"enables":[73],"remote":[74],"measurement":[75],"clouds":[78,202],"with":[79],"high":[80],"temporal":[81,195],"distance":[83,197],"resolution.":[84],"Despite":[85],"these":[86],"advantages,":[87],"fact":[89],"no":[91],"lidar":[92,114,164],"instrument":[93,137,180],"suitable":[94],"such":[96],"application":[98],"presently":[100],"available":[101],"appreciably":[103],"limited":[104],"practical":[106],"use.":[107],"work":[109],"presents":[110],"first":[112,160],"eye-safe":[113],"system":[115,128,165],"specifically":[116],"designed":[117],"monitoring":[120],"Parameter":[124],"design":[125],"carried":[130],"out":[131],"via":[132],"signal-to-noise":[133],"ratio":[134],"simulations.":[135],"The":[136,179],"based":[139],"on":[140],"a":[141,171],"3-mJ":[142],"pulse-energy":[143],"erbium-doped":[144],"glass":[145],"laser,":[146],"80-mm":[148],"diameter":[149],"telescope,":[150],"APD":[152],"optoelectronic":[153],"receiver":[154],"optomechanically":[156],"adjustable":[157],"components.":[158],"In":[159],"test":[161],"measurements,":[162],"been":[167,183],"able":[168],"measure":[170],"topographic":[172],"target":[173],"located":[174],"over":[175],"2":[176],"km":[177],"away.":[178],"also":[182],"used":[184],"studies,":[188],"demonstrating":[189],"capability":[191],"monitor":[193],"evolution":[198],"several":[200],"emitted":[203],"air-assisted":[205],"sprayers":[206],"at":[207],"distances":[208],"between":[209],"50":[210],"100":[212],"m.":[213]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}