{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2024904610","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s141018498","title":"A Brightness-Referenced Star Identification Algorithm for APS Star Trackers","display_name":"A Brightness-Referenced Star Identification Algorithm for APS Star Trackers","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-10-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2024904610","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s141018498","mag":"2024904610","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25299950"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s141018498","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s141018498","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/14/10/18498/pdf?version=1412762446","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/14/10/18498/pdf?version=1412762446","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100364167","display_name":"Peng Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7257-6186"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, No.129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China","GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, No. 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, No.129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, No. 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055241681","display_name":"Qile Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3957-6376"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qile Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, No.129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China","GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, No. 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, No.129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, No. 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101705111","display_name":"Jingnan Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4689-4161"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingnan Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, No.129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China","GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, No. 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, No.129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, No. 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014999736","display_name":"Ning Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5898-5493"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194716290","display_name":"China Academy of Space Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/025397a59","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194716290","https://openalex.org/I2802615301"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ning Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194716290"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"fwci":47.3112,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99396956,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"10","first_page":"18498","last_page":"18514"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11325","display_name":"Inertial Sensor and Navigation","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11325","display_name":"Inertial Sensor and Navigation","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14163","display_name":"Astronomical Observations and Instrumentation","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13885","display_name":"Geophysics and Sensor Technology","score":0.9850999712944031,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/star","display_name":"Star (game theory)","score":0.7854872941970825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bittorrent-tracker","display_name":"BitTorrent tracker","score":0.7234945297241211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/star-tracker","display_name":"Star tracker","score":0.7150285243988037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brightness","display_name":"Brightness","score":0.6495080590248108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.610142707824707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5094073414802551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/guide-star","display_name":"Guide star","score":0.4743279814720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4301767945289612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/a*-search-algorithm","display_name":"A* search algorithm","score":0.41740041971206665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3543488383293152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astronomy","display_name":"Astronomy","score":0.33198481798171997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astrophysics","display_name":"Astrophysics","score":0.28641146421432495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2815793752670288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.22918257117271423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stars","display_name":"Stars","score":0.13746687769889832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eye-tracking","display_name":"Eye tracking","score":0.09285274147987366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.05534669756889343}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780897414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600592","display_name":"Star (game theory)","level":2,"score":0.7854872941970825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57501372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2021268","display_name":"BitTorrent tracker","level":3,"score":0.7234945297241211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777805442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3561009","display_name":"Star tracker","level":3,"score":0.7150285243988037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125245961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221656","display_name":"Brightness","level":2,"score":0.6495080590248108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.610142707824707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5094073414802551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780851263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845940","display_name":"Guide star","level":3,"score":0.4743279814720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4301767945289612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103578098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q277680","display_name":"A* search algorithm","level":2,"score":0.41740041971206665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3543488383293152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.33198481798171997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.28641146421432495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2815793752670288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.22918257117271423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150846664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7602306","display_name":"Stars","level":2,"score":0.13746687769889832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56461940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q970687","display_name":"Eye tracking","level":2,"score":0.09285274147987366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.05534669756889343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29829512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40218","display_name":"Spacecraft","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s141018498","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s141018498","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/14/10/18498/pdf?version=1412762446","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:25299950","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25299950","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8b022e49a2dc407d8a2ae671e8d4f260","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8b022e49a2dc407d8a2ae671e8d4f260","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 14, Iss 10, Pp 18498-18514 (2014)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/14/10/18498/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s141018498","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4239958","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4239958","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s141018498","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s141018498","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/14/10/18498/pdf?version=1412762446","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335773","display_name":"National High-tech Research and Development Program","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2024904610.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2024904610.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W180741394","https://openalex.org/W1541242752","https://openalex.org/W1985607227","https://openalex.org/W2006986156","https://openalex.org/W2036287335","https://openalex.org/W2045756412","https://openalex.org/W2051343883","https://openalex.org/W2109833904","https://openalex.org/W2116210014","https://openalex.org/W2127309885","https://openalex.org/W2128540874","https://openalex.org/W2128710512","https://openalex.org/W2163301105","https://openalex.org/W2164886308","https://openalex.org/W2374241536","https://openalex.org/W3081353339","https://openalex.org/W3185673867","https://openalex.org/W6678927119"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2799432808","https://openalex.org/W2075064023","https://openalex.org/W2163218758","https://openalex.org/W1916260340","https://openalex.org/W2349120839","https://openalex.org/W748231844","https://openalex.org/W2054871324","https://openalex.org/W2791354981","https://openalex.org/W2903887871","https://openalex.org/W1981610830"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Star":[0],"trackers":[1,27],"are":[2,14],"currently":[3],"the":[4,36,58,90,101,107,110,122,141,153,156,174,194,207,214,225,233],"most":[5],"accurate":[6],"spacecraft":[7],"attitude":[8],"sensors.":[9],"As":[10],"a":[11,29,40,133,137,201],"result,":[12],"they":[13],"widely":[15],"used":[16,70],"in":[17,71,127,190],"remote":[18],"sensing":[19],"satellites.":[20],"Since":[21],"traditional":[22],"charge-coupled":[23],"device":[24],"(CCD)-based":[25],"star":[26,41,49,56,63,72,82,196],"have":[28],"limited":[30],"sensitivity":[31],"range":[32],"and":[33,94,104,136,159,176,188,228],"dynamic":[34],"range,":[35],"matching":[37,111,124],"process":[38],"for":[39],"tracker":[42,197],"is":[43,64,85,161,220],"typically":[44],"not":[45],"very":[46],"sensitive":[47],"to":[48,99],"brightness.":[50],"For":[51],"active":[52],"pixel":[53],"sensor":[54],"(APS)":[55],"trackers,":[57],"intensity":[59],"of":[60,109,129,198,204,216,224,232],"an":[61,78],"imaged":[62,96],"valuable":[65],"information":[66],"that":[67,210,223,231],"can":[68],"be":[69],"identification":[73,83,131],"process.":[74,112],"In":[75],"this":[76,217],"paper":[77],"improved":[79],"brightness":[80],"referenced":[81],"algorithm":[84,88,125,154],"presented.":[86],"This":[87],"utilizes":[89],"k-vector":[91],"search":[92,102],"theory":[93],"adds":[95],"stars'":[97],"intensities":[98],"narrow":[100],"scope":[103],"therefore":[105],"increase":[106],"efficiency":[108,160,215],"Based":[113],"on":[114],"different":[115],"imaging":[116],"conditions":[117],"(slew,":[118],"bright":[119,143],"bodies,":[120],"etc.)":[121],"developed":[123],"operates":[126],"one":[128],"two":[130,171],"modes:":[132],"three-star":[134,157],"mode,":[135],"four-star":[138],"mode.":[139],"If":[140],"reference":[142],"stars":[144,146,213],"(the":[145],"brighter":[147],"than":[148],"three":[149,181],"magnitude)":[150],"show":[151,209],"up,":[152],"runs":[155],"mode":[158],"further":[162],"improved.":[163],"The":[164],"proposed":[165],"method":[166,219,227],"was":[167],"compared":[168],"with":[169,185],"other":[170],"distinctive":[172],"methods":[173,182],"pyramid":[175,226],"geometric":[177,234],"voting":[178],"methods.":[179],"All":[180],"were":[183],"tested":[184],"simulation":[186],"data":[187,192],"actual":[189],"orbit":[191],"from":[193],"APS":[195],"ZY-3.":[199],"Using":[200],"catalog":[202],"composed":[203],"1500":[205],"stars,":[206],"results":[208],"without":[211],"false":[212],"new":[218],"4~5":[221],"times":[222,230],"35~37":[229],"method.":[235]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-30T17:31:21.811387","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
