{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2007111602","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s140915880","title":"An Integrated Low-Power Lock-In Amplifier and Its Application to Gas Detection","display_name":"An Integrated Low-Power Lock-In Amplifier and Its Application to Gas Detection","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-08-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2007111602","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s140915880","mag":"2007111602","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25166501"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s140915880","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s140915880","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/14/9/15880/pdf?version=1409135250","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/14/9/15880/pdf?version=1409135250","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052315719","display_name":"Paulina Mariana Maya-Hernandez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0698-1463"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39824353","display_name":"National Institute of Astrophysics, Optics and Electronics","ror":"https://ror.org/00bpmmc63","country_code":"MX","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39824353"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Paulina Maya-Hern\u00e1ndez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronics Department, Instituto Nacional de Astrof\u00edsica, \u00d3ptica y Electr\u00f3nica (INAOE),  Luis Enrique Erro #1, Tonantzintla 72840, Puebla, Mexico"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronics Department, Instituto Nacional de Astrof\u00edsica, \u00d3ptica y Electr\u00f3nica (INAOE),  Luis Enrique Erro #1, Tonantzintla 72840, Puebla, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39824353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027550997","display_name":"Luis C. \u00c1lvarez-Sim\u00f3n","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1389-3931"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39824353","display_name":"National Institute of Astrophysics, Optics and Electronics","ror":"https://ror.org/00bpmmc63","country_code":"MX","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39824353"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luis \u00c1lvarez-Sim\u00f3n","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronics Department, Instituto Nacional de Astrof\u00edsica, \u00d3ptica y Electr\u00f3nica (INAOE),  Luis Enrique Erro #1, Tonantzintla 72840, Puebla, Mexico"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronics Department, Instituto Nacional de Astrof\u00edsica, \u00d3ptica y Electr\u00f3nica (INAOE),  Luis Enrique Erro #1, Tonantzintla 72840, Puebla, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39824353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025165034","display_name":"M.T. Sanz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5820-7608"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39824353","display_name":"National Institute of Astrophysics, Optics and Electronics","ror":"https://ror.org/00bpmmc63","country_code":"MX","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39824353"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mar\u00eda Sanz-Pascual","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronics Department, Instituto Nacional de Astrof\u00edsica, \u00d3ptica y Electr\u00f3nica (INAOE),  Luis Enrique Erro #1, Tonantzintla 72840, Puebla, Mexico"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronics Department, Instituto Nacional de Astrof\u00edsica, \u00d3ptica y Electr\u00f3nica (INAOE),  Luis Enrique Erro #1, Tonantzintla 72840, Puebla, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39824353"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009944115","display_name":"B. Calvo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2361-1077"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bel\u00e9n Calvo-L\u00f3pez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Group of Electronic Design, Aragon Institute for Engineering Research, I3A, Facultad de Ciencias, Pedro Cerbuna 12, Zaragoza 50009, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Group of Electronic Design, Aragon Institute for Engineering Research, I3A, Facultad de Ciencias, Pedro Cerbuna 12, Zaragoza 50009, Spain","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5052315719"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39824353"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":1.4893,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84342638,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"9","first_page":"15880","last_page":"15899"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10461","display_name":"Gas Sensing Nanomaterials and Sensors","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10461","display_name":"Gas Sensing Nanomaterials and Sensors","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11472","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry and Sensors","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1502","display_name":"Bioengineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11667","display_name":"Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/micropower","display_name":"Micropower","score":0.8545684814453125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplifier","display_name":"Amplifier","score":0.7276113629341125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lock-in-amplifier","display_name":"Lock-in amplifier","score":0.6138181686401367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.5821964740753174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.569113552570343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.529194712638855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/battery","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","score":0.5060870051383972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.5052228569984436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ranging","display_name":"Ranging","score":0.5051146149635315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-consumption","display_name":"Power consumption","score":0.4753534495830536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-voltage","display_name":"Low voltage","score":0.45541974902153015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-supply-rejection-ratio","display_name":"Power supply rejection ratio","score":0.4461119771003723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.38189131021499634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3472852408885956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.32433992624282837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.31130069494247437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.14277714490890503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1250467598438263}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2851963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6839950","display_name":"Micropower","level":3,"score":0.8545684814453125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.7276113629341125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780259410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1752933","display_name":"Lock-in amplifier","level":4,"score":0.6138181686401367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.5821964740753174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.569113552570343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.529194712638855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555008776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267298","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","level":3,"score":0.5060870051383972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.5052228569984436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115051666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6522493","display_name":"Ranging","level":2,"score":0.5051146149635315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984118289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29954","display_name":"Power consumption","level":3,"score":0.4753534495830536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128624480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1504817","display_name":"Low voltage","level":3,"score":0.45541974902153015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15892472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1482413","display_name":"Power supply rejection ratio","level":4,"score":0.4461119771003723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.38189131021499634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3472852408885956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.32433992624282837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.31130069494247437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.14277714490890503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1250467598438263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000669","descriptor_name":"Amplifiers, Electronic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000669","descriptor_name":"Amplifiers, Electronic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000669","descriptor_name":"Amplifiers, Electronic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002245","descriptor_name":"Carbon Dioxide","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002245","descriptor_name":"Carbon Dioxide","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002245","descriptor_name":"Carbon Dioxide","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003217","descriptor_name":"Conductometry","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003217","descriptor_name":"Conductometry","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003217","descriptor_name":"Conductometry","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004735","descriptor_name":"Energy Transfer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004735","descriptor_name":"Energy Transfer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004735","descriptor_name":"Energy Transfer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005740","descriptor_name":"Gases","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005740","descriptor_name":"Gases","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005740","descriptor_name":"Gases","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011211","descriptor_name":"Electric Power Supplies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011211","descriptor_name":"Electric Power Supplies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011211","descriptor_name":"Electric Power Supplies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018511","descriptor_name":"Systems Integration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018511","descriptor_name":"Systems Integration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018511","descriptor_name":"Systems Integration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019544","descriptor_name":"Equipment Failure Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019544","descriptor_name":"Equipment Failure Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019544","descriptor_name":"Equipment Failure Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s140915880","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s140915880","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/14/9/15880/pdf?version=1409135250","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:25166501","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25166501","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:190a8e8a86e4488ebfbf044b867880ac","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/190a8e8a86e4488ebfbf044b867880ac","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 14, Iss 9, Pp 15880-15899 (2014)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/14/9/15880/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s140915880","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 14; Issue 9; Pages: 15880-15899","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4208151","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4208151","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:zaguan.unizar.es:48384","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/48384","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402461","display_name":"Zaguan (Universidad de Zaragoza)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s140915880","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s140915880","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/14/9/15880/pdf?version=1409135250","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8299999833106995}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321739","display_name":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda","ror":"https://ror.org/059ex5q34"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2007111602.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2007111602.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1489864885","https://openalex.org/W1590448146","https://openalex.org/W1891538856","https://openalex.org/W1969974684","https://openalex.org/W1991405750","https://openalex.org/W2014504235","https://openalex.org/W2016909809","https://openalex.org/W2017539496","https://openalex.org/W2020360707","https://openalex.org/W2020461425","https://openalex.org/W2024376710","https://openalex.org/W2031894492","https://openalex.org/W2033882862","https://openalex.org/W2038777833","https://openalex.org/W2070357667","https://openalex.org/W2095468085","https://openalex.org/W2111893790","https://openalex.org/W2118842680","https://openalex.org/W2129657174","https://openalex.org/W2130126490","https://openalex.org/W2133455111","https://openalex.org/W2143343146","https://openalex.org/W2146385123","https://openalex.org/W2154326304","https://openalex.org/W2167632680","https://openalex.org/W4300698485","https://openalex.org/W6635371066"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1598530105","https://openalex.org/W2388877201","https://openalex.org/W2482593387","https://openalex.org/W1965759868","https://openalex.org/W2479369666","https://openalex.org/W1611602454","https://openalex.org/W2493269863","https://openalex.org/W805694576","https://openalex.org/W2340430362","https://openalex.org/W2007111602"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,36,42,52],"new":[4],"micropower":[5],"analog":[6],"lock-in":[7],"amplifier":[8],"(LIA)":[9],"suitable":[10],"for":[11],"battery-operated":[12],"applications":[13],"thanks":[14],"to":[15,59,98],"its":[16,25],"reduced":[17],"size":[18],"and":[19,67],"power":[20,62],"consumption":[21,63],"as":[22,24,83,85],"well":[23],"operation":[26],"with":[27,41],"single-supply":[28],"voltage.":[29],"The":[30,73,91],"proposed":[31,112],"LIA":[32,74],"was":[33,76],"designed":[34],"in":[35,88],"0.18":[37],"\u00b5m":[38],"CMOS":[39],"process":[40],"single":[43],"supply":[44],"voltage":[45],"of":[46,64,70,100,110],"1.8":[47],"V.":[48],"Experimental":[49],"results":[50,93],"show":[51,94],"variable":[53],"DC":[54],"gain":[55],"ranging":[56],"from":[57],"24.7":[58],"42":[60],"dB,":[61],"417":[65],"\u00b5W":[66],"integration":[68],"area":[69],"0.013":[71],"mm2.":[72],"performance":[75],"demonstrated":[77],"by":[78,108],"measuring":[79],"carbon":[80],"monoxide":[81],"concentrations":[82],"low":[84],"1":[86],"ppm":[87],"dry":[89],"N2.":[90],"experimental":[92],"that":[95],"the":[96,101,111],"response":[97],"CO":[99],"sensing":[102],"system":[103],"can":[104],"be":[105],"considerably":[106],"improved":[107],"means":[109],"LIA.":[113]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}