{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1981087685","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s140100770","title":"Monitoring Architectural Heritage by Wireless Sensors Networks: San Gimignano \u2014 A Case Study","display_name":"Monitoring Architectural Heritage by Wireless Sensors Networks: San Gimignano \u2014 A Case Study","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1981087685","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s140100770","mag":"1981087685","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24394600"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s140100770","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s140100770","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/14/1/770/pdf?version=1403342392","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/14/1/770/pdf?version=1403342392","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028718577","display_name":"A. Mecocci","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7076-1938"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102064193","display_name":"University of Siena","ror":"https://ror.org/01tevnk56","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102064193"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alessandro Mecocci","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, University of Siena,  Via Roma 56, Siena 53100, Italy","Department of Information Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, University of Siena, Via Roma 56, Siena 53100, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, University of Siena,  Via Roma 56, Siena 53100, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102064193"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, University of Siena, Via Roma 56, Siena 53100, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102064193"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026258680","display_name":"Andrea Abrardo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8006-0710"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102064193","display_name":"University of Siena","ror":"https://ror.org/01tevnk56","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102064193"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrea Abrardo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, University of Siena,  Via Roma 56, Siena 53100, Italy","Department of Information Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, University of Siena, Via Roma 56, Siena 53100, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, University of Siena,  Via Roma 56, Siena 53100, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102064193"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, University of Siena, Via Roma 56, Siena 53100, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102064193"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028718577"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102064193"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":3.5978,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":41,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93159515,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"1","first_page":"770","last_page":"778"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12697","display_name":"Water Quality Monitoring Technologies","score":0.9902999997138977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12222","display_name":"IoT-based Smart Home Systems","score":0.9901000261306763,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.6231773495674133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.5791470408439636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tower","display_name":"Tower","score":0.5286800265312195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.5227692127227783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.5227458477020264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monitoring-and-control","display_name":"Monitoring and control","score":0.4738600552082062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4622378945350647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interface","display_name":"Interface (matter)","score":0.4183550477027893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4108917713165283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3771158456802368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3528328537940979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3502494692802429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.33231255412101746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/civil-engineering","display_name":"Civil engineering","score":0.2044805884361267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.15875118970870972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.10321301221847534}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.6231773495674133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.5791470408439636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777831296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12518","display_name":"Tower","level":2,"score":0.5286800265312195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.5227692127227783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5227458477020264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987858997","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7312160","display_name":"Monitoring and control","level":2,"score":0.4738600552082062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4622378945350647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.4183550477027893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4108917713165283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3771158456802368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3528328537940979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3502494692802429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.33231255412101746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.2044805884361267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.15875118970870972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.10321301221847534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129307140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795880","display_name":"Maximum bubble pressure method","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006813","descriptor_name":"Humidity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006813","descriptor_name":"Humidity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006813","descriptor_name":"Humidity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007558","descriptor_name":"Italy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007558","descriptor_name":"Italy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007558","descriptor_name":"Italy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013696","descriptor_name":"Temperature","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013696","descriptor_name":"Temperature","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013696","descriptor_name":"Temperature","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058998","descriptor_name":"Remote Sensing Technology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058998","descriptor_name":"Remote Sensing Technology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058998","descriptor_name":"Remote Sensing Technology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D059015","descriptor_name":"Wireless Technology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D059015","descriptor_name":"Wireless Technology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D059015","descriptor_name":"Wireless Technology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s140100770","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s140100770","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/14/1/770/pdf?version=1403342392","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:24394600","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24394600","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6dcf1ec2049f4653a45e6d863b0c35eb","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6dcf1ec2049f4653a45e6d863b0c35eb","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 14, Iss 1, Pp 770-778 (2014)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:2910341","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3926585","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/14/1/770/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s140100770","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 14; Issue 1; Pages: 770-778","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3926585","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3926585","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:usiena-air.unisi.it:11365/922842","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11365/922842","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196319","display_name":"Use Siena air (University of Siena)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I102064193","host_organization_name":"University of Siena","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102064193"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s140100770","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s140100770","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/14/1/770/pdf?version=1403342392","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.8100000023841858,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326084","display_name":"Regione Toscana","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1981087685.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W317521241","https://openalex.org/W1604406970","https://openalex.org/W2110748472","https://openalex.org/W2112476334","https://openalex.org/W2156734312","https://openalex.org/W2160343401","https://openalex.org/W2480020364"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4214759293","https://openalex.org/W2377743247","https://openalex.org/W2481514411","https://openalex.org/W2948890638","https://openalex.org/W2809046060","https://openalex.org/W3213682227","https://openalex.org/W1975451135","https://openalex.org/W2367420223","https://openalex.org/W2989915292","https://openalex.org/W2319168490"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,39],"paper":[1],"describes":[2],"a":[3,98],"wireless":[4],"sensor":[5],"network":[6],"(WSN)":[7],"used":[8],"to":[9,73,93],"monitor":[10],"the":[11,27,31,59],"health":[12],"state":[13,61],"of":[14,34,58,62,77],"architectural":[15],"heritage":[16,63],"in":[17,30],"real-time.":[18],"The":[19,65,91,104],"WSN":[20,105],"has":[21],"been":[22],"deployed":[23],"and":[24,44,55,88],"tested":[25],"on":[26],"\"Rognosa\"":[28],"tower":[29],"medieval":[32],"village":[33],"San":[35],"Gimignano,":[36],"Tuscany,":[37],"Italy.":[38],"technology,":[40],"being":[41],"non-invasive,":[42],"mimetic,":[43],"long":[45,52],"lasting,":[46],"is":[47,95],"particularly":[48],"well":[49],"suited":[50],"for":[51,101],"term":[53],"monitoring":[54,67,78],"on-line":[56],"diagnosis":[57],"conservation":[60],"buildings.":[64],"proposed":[66],"system":[68],"comprises":[69],"radio-equipped":[70],"nodes":[71],"linked":[72],"suitable":[74],"sensors":[75],"capable":[76],"crucial":[79],"parameters":[80],"like:":[81],"temperature,":[82],"humidity,":[83],"masonry":[84],"cracks,":[85],"pouring":[86],"rain,":[87],"visual":[89],"light.":[90],"access":[92],"data":[94],"granted":[96],"by":[97],"user":[99],"interface":[100],"remote":[102,109],"control.":[103],"can":[106],"autonomously":[107],"send":[108],"alarms":[110],"when":[111],"predefined":[112],"thresholds":[113],"are":[114],"reached.":[115]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-22T06:13:13.366637","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
