{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2051976514","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s130810273","title":"Recognizing the Degree of Human Attention Using EEG Signals from Mobile Sensors","display_name":"Recognizing the Degree of Human Attention Using EEG Signals from Mobile Sensors","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-08-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2051976514","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s130810273","mag":"2051976514","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23939584"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s130810273","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s130810273","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/13/8/10273/pdf?version=1403331711","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/13/8/10273/pdf?version=1403331711","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034131526","display_name":"Ning-Han Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16566446","display_name":"National Pingtung University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01y6ccj36","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16566446"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ning-Han Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Management Information Systems, National Pingtung University of Science & Technology, 1, Shuefu Road, Neipu, Pingtung 912, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Management Information Systems, National Pingtung University of Science & Technology, 1, Shuefu Road, Neipu, Pingtung 912, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16566446"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044744033","display_name":"Cheng-Yu Chiang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16566446","display_name":"National Pingtung University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01y6ccj36","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16566446"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheng-Yu Chiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Management Information Systems, National Pingtung University of Science & Technology, 1, Shuefu Road, Neipu, Pingtung 912, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Management Information Systems, National Pingtung University of Science & Technology, 1, Shuefu Road, Neipu, Pingtung 912, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16566446"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080751632","display_name":"Hsuan-Chin Chu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16566446","display_name":"National Pingtung University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01y6ccj36","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16566446"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hsuan-Chin Chu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Management Information Systems, National Pingtung University of Science & Technology, 1, Shuefu Road, Neipu, Pingtung 912, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Management Information Systems, National Pingtung University of Science & Technology, 1, Shuefu Road, Neipu, Pingtung 912, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16566446"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5034131526"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16566446"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"fwci":5.3292,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":410,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96395453,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"8","first_page":"10273","last_page":"10286"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9409000277519226,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9187999963760376,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.8386194109916687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.6995466947555542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6173950433731079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.552466630935669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.4925580620765686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4626888036727905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/raw-data","display_name":"Raw data","score":0.4278129041194916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.407539963722229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.35650312900543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.321206271648407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.2867037057876587}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.8386194109916687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.6995466947555542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6173950433731079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.552466630935669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.4925580620765686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4626888036727905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132964779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2110223","display_name":"Raw data","level":2,"score":0.4278129041194916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.407539963722229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.35650312900543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.321206271648407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2867037057876587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001288","descriptor_name":"Attention","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001288","descriptor_name":"Attention","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001288","descriptor_name":"Attention","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001931","descriptor_name":"Brain Mapping","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001931","descriptor_name":"Brain Mapping","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001931","descriptor_name":"Brain Mapping","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004521","descriptor_name":"Educational Measurement","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004521","descriptor_name":"Educational Measurement","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004521","descriptor_name":"Educational Measurement","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009038","descriptor_name":"Motion","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009038","descriptor_name":"Motion","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009038","descriptor_name":"Motion","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018670","descriptor_name":"Monitoring, Ambulatory","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018670","descriptor_name":"Monitoring, Ambulatory","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018670","descriptor_name":"Monitoring, Ambulatory","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018670","descriptor_name":"Monitoring, Ambulatory","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018670","descriptor_name":"Monitoring, Ambulatory","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018670","descriptor_name":"Monitoring, Ambulatory","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060388","descriptor_name":"Support Vector Machine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D060388","descriptor_name":"Support Vector Machine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D060388","descriptor_name":"Support Vector Machine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s130810273","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s130810273","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/13/8/10273/pdf?version=1403331711","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:23939584","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23939584","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d03abd8f1fc3437a9f7c4ddf4ab17775","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d03abd8f1fc3437a9f7c4ddf4ab17775","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 13, Iss 8, Pp 10273-10286 (2013)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:2798572","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3812603","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/13/8/10273/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s130810273","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 13; Issue 8; Pages: 10273-10286","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s130810273","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s130810273","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/13/8/10273/pdf?version=1403331711","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.8600000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321040","display_name":"National Science Council","ror":"https://ror.org/02kv4zf79"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2051976514.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2051976514.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W740415","https://openalex.org/W87052936","https://openalex.org/W1512098439","https://openalex.org/W1526146785","https://openalex.org/W1535844888","https://openalex.org/W1601180691","https://openalex.org/W1973011350","https://openalex.org/W1993014767","https://openalex.org/W2004618880","https://openalex.org/W2005874268","https://openalex.org/W2008091395","https://openalex.org/W2020169766","https://openalex.org/W2025384124","https://openalex.org/W2056108528","https://openalex.org/W2081846403","https://openalex.org/W2131030544","https://openalex.org/W2133704610","https://openalex.org/W2151150214","https://openalex.org/W2152465745","https://openalex.org/W2156909104","https://openalex.org/W2164497299","https://openalex.org/W2164575783","https://openalex.org/W2334933142","https://openalex.org/W2348072917","https://openalex.org/W2369285108","https://openalex.org/W2536976660","https://openalex.org/W3135702107","https://openalex.org/W6603510295","https://openalex.org/W6631556622","https://openalex.org/W6632265489","https://openalex.org/W7067666036"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2922348724","https://openalex.org/W200322357","https://openalex.org/W2130428257","https://openalex.org/W4308951944","https://openalex.org/W2057366091","https://openalex.org/W2090763504","https://openalex.org/W4312960290","https://openalex.org/W2049513647","https://openalex.org/W2988848585","https://openalex.org/W4233722919"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"During":[0],"the":[1,62,67,119,140,159,172,175,203],"learning":[2,13,35,199],"process,":[3],"whether":[4,20,49,87,166],"students":[5,21,88,167],"remain":[6,30],"attentive":[7,23,90,124],"throughout":[8],"instruction":[9,94],"generally":[10,40],"influences":[11],"their":[12,34,99],"efficacy.":[14],"If":[15],"teachers":[16,43],"can":[17,25,192],"instantly":[18],"identify":[19,158],"are":[22,51,89,168],"they":[24,50],"be":[26,193],"suitably":[27],"reminded":[28],"to":[29,47,117,151,157,187],"focused,":[31],"thereby":[32],"improving":[33],"effects.":[36],"Traditional":[37],"teaching":[38],"methods":[39],"require":[41],"that":[42,163],"observe":[44],"students'":[45],"expressions":[46],"determine":[48],"attentively":[52],"learning.":[53],"However,":[54],"this":[55,85,115,179],"method":[56,176],"is":[57,95,108],"often":[58],"inaccurate":[59],"and":[60,80,106,125,153],"increases":[61],"burden":[63],"on":[64,171],"teachers.":[65],"With":[66],"development":[68],"of":[69,161,185],"electroencephalography":[70],"(EEG)":[71],"detection":[72],"tools,":[73],"mobile":[74,132],"brainwave":[75],"sensors":[76],"have":[77],"become":[78],"mature":[79],"affordable":[81],"equipment.":[82],"Therefore,":[83],"in":[84,178,202],"study,":[86],"or":[91],"inattentive":[92],"during":[93],"determined":[96],"by":[97],"observing":[98],"EEG":[100,121,129],"signals.":[101],"Because":[102],"distinguishing":[103],"between":[104],"attentiveness":[105],"inattentiveness":[107],"challenging,":[109],"two":[110],"scenarios":[111],"were":[112,137],"developed":[113],"for":[114,198],"study":[116,180,190],"measure":[118],"subjects'":[120],"signals":[122],"when":[123],"inattentive.":[126],"After":[127],"collecting":[128],"data":[130],"using":[131],"sensors,":[133],"various":[134],"common":[135],"features":[136,156,162],"extracted":[138],"from":[139],"raw":[141],"data.":[142],"A":[143],"support":[144],"vector":[145],"machine":[146],"(SVM)":[147],"classifier":[148],"was":[149],"used":[150,194],"calculate":[152],"analyze":[154],"these":[155],"combination":[160],"best":[164],"indicates":[165],"attentive.":[169],"Based":[170],"experiment":[173],"results,":[174],"proposed":[177],"provides":[181],"a":[182,196],"classification":[183],"accuracy":[184],"up":[186],"76.82%.":[188],"The":[189],"results":[191],"as":[195],"reference":[197],"system":[200],"designs":[201],"future.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":43},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":51},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":43},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":47},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":41},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":40},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":39},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-07-30T17:31:21.811387","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}