{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2025392468","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s130303313","title":"Development and Evaluation of a Combined Cultivator and Band Sprayer with a Row-Centering RTK-GPS Guidance System","display_name":"Development and Evaluation of a Combined Cultivator and Band Sprayer with a Row-Centering RTK-GPS Guidance System","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-03-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2025392468","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s130303313","mag":"2025392468","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23478600"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s130303313","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s130303313","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/13/3/3313/pdf?version=1403325244","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/13/3/3313/pdf?version=1403325244","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062287855","display_name":"Manuel P\u00e9rez Ruiz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3681-1572"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148383","display_name":"IVI Sevilla Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/04bxnbd97","country_code":"ES","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148383"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79238269","display_name":"Universidad de Sevilla","ror":"https://ror.org/03yxnpp24","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79238269"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Manuel Perez-Ruiz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aerospace Engineering and Fluids Mechanics Department, University of Sevilla,  Ctra. Sevilla-Utrera km 1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain","Aerospace Engineering and Fluids Mechanics Department, University of Sevilla, Ctra. Sevilla-Utrera km 1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aerospace Engineering and Fluids Mechanics Department, University of Sevilla,  Ctra. Sevilla-Utrera km 1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79238269","https://openalex.org/I4210148383"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aerospace Engineering and Fluids Mechanics Department, University of Sevilla, Ctra. Sevilla-Utrera km 1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79238269"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062266835","display_name":"J. Carballido","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I53110688","display_name":"University of C\u00f3rdoba","ror":"https://ror.org/05yc77b46","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I53110688"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jacob Carballido","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rural Engineering Department, University of C\u00f3rdoba, Campus de Rabanales,  Edif. Leonardo da Vinci, Ctra. Nacional IV-A km 376, 14014 C\u00f3rdoba, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rural Engineering Department, University of C\u00f3rdoba, Campus de Rabanales,  Edif. Leonardo da Vinci, Ctra. Nacional IV-A km 376, 14014 C\u00f3rdoba, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I53110688"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066904643","display_name":"Juan Ag\u00fcera Vega","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2089-2643"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I53110688","display_name":"University of C\u00f3rdoba","ror":"https://ror.org/05yc77b46","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I53110688"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan Ag\u00fcera","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rural Engineering Department, University of C\u00f3rdoba, Campus de Rabanales,  Edif. Leonardo da Vinci, Ctra. Nacional IV-A km 376, 14014 C\u00f3rdoba, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rural Engineering Department, University of C\u00f3rdoba, Campus de Rabanales,  Edif. Leonardo da Vinci, Ctra. Nacional IV-A km 376, 14014 C\u00f3rdoba, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I53110688"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028167530","display_name":"Antonio Rodr\u00edguez\u2010Lizana","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1436-465X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148383","display_name":"IVI Sevilla Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/04bxnbd97","country_code":"ES","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148383"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79238269","display_name":"Universidad de Sevilla","ror":"https://ror.org/03yxnpp24","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79238269"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonio Rodr\u00edguez-Lizana","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aerospace Engineering and Fluids Mechanics Department, University of Sevilla,  Ctra. Sevilla-Utrera km 1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain","Aerospace Engineering and Fluids Mechanics Department, University of Sevilla, Ctra. Sevilla-Utrera km 1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aerospace Engineering and Fluids Mechanics Department, University of Sevilla,  Ctra. Sevilla-Utrera km 1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79238269","https://openalex.org/I4210148383"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aerospace Engineering and Fluids Mechanics Department, University of Sevilla, Ctra. Sevilla-Utrera km 1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79238269"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5062287855"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148383","https://openalex.org/I79238269"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":2.7656,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90162386,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"3","first_page":"3313","last_page":"3330"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12161","display_name":"Plant Surface Properties and Treatments","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12161","display_name":"Plant Surface Properties and Treatments","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10774","display_name":"Weed Control and Herbicide Applications","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12660","display_name":"Plant Disease Management Techniques","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sprayer","display_name":"Sprayer","score":0.8094581365585327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weed-control","display_name":"Weed control","score":0.7784603834152222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weed","display_name":"Weed","score":0.5929117798805237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sugar-beet","display_name":"Sugar beet","score":0.5604438781738281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agricultural-engineering","display_name":"Agricultural engineering","score":0.49930286407470703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.456554114818573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-kinematic","display_name":"Real Time Kinematic","score":0.43136078119277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precision-agriculture","display_name":"Precision agriculture","score":0.4268329441547394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agronomy","display_name":"Agronomy","score":0.42331042885780334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.4072733223438263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.39334726333618164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.3798803687095642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.29596900939941406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.24143314361572266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.18142417073249817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agriculture","display_name":"Agriculture","score":0.17794448137283325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.11349424719810486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.07868915796279907}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778230297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1141546","display_name":"Sprayer","level":2,"score":0.8094581365585327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147273371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2739141","display_name":"Weed control","level":2,"score":0.7784603834152222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775891814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101879","display_name":"Weed","level":2,"score":0.5929117798805237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776936025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q151964","display_name":"Sugar beet","level":2,"score":0.5604438781738281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88463610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194118","display_name":"Agricultural engineering","level":1,"score":0.49930286407470703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.456554114818573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93103318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980965","display_name":"Real Time Kinematic","level":4,"score":0.43136078119277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120217122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740083","display_name":"Precision agriculture","level":3,"score":0.4268329441547394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.42331042885780334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.4072733223438263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.39334726333618164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3798803687095642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.29596900939941406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.24143314361572266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.18142417073249817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.17794448137283325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.11349424719810486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.07868915796279907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000383","descriptor_name":"Agriculture","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000383","descriptor_name":"Agriculture","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000383","descriptor_name":"Agriculture","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000383","descriptor_name":"Agriculture","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000383","descriptor_name":"Agriculture","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000383","descriptor_name":"Agriculture","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006540","descriptor_name":"Herbicides","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006540","descriptor_name":"Herbicides","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006540","descriptor_name":"Herbicides","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018556","descriptor_name":"Crops, Agricultural","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018556","descriptor_name":"Crops, Agricultural","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018556","descriptor_name":"Crops, Agricultural","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D027461","descriptor_name":"Beta vulgaris","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D027461","descriptor_name":"Beta vulgaris","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D027461","descriptor_name":"Beta vulgaris","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D040362","descriptor_name":"Geographic Information Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D040362","descriptor_name":"Geographic Information Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D040362","descriptor_name":"Geographic Information Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058728","descriptor_name":"Weed Control","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058728","descriptor_name":"Weed Control","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058728","descriptor_name":"Weed Control","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058728","descriptor_name":"Weed Control","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058728","descriptor_name":"Weed Control","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058728","descriptor_name":"Weed Control","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":8,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s130303313","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s130303313","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/13/3/3313/pdf?version=1403325244","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:23478600","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23478600","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:dnet:idus________::9b9576d4e407576d4c8082505b78e6e5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://idus.us.es/handle/11441/46283","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402641","display_name":"LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Cient\u00edficas)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4383465926","host_organization_name":"LA Referencia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4383465926"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.401.2648","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.401.2648","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/13/3/3313/pdf/","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dnet:helvia______::63379dbf64b52978ca8975803d7fb25e","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10396/15287","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402641","display_name":"LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Cient\u00edficas)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4383465926","host_organization_name":"LA Referencia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4383465926"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors 13(3), 3313-3330 (2013)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:623e365380954b568ca9863609341b7c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/623e365380954b568ca9863609341b7c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 13, Iss 3, Pp 3313-3330 (2013)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:2661595","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3658748","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/13/3/3313/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s130303313","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 13; Issue 3; Pages: 3313-3330","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s130303313","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s130303313","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/13/3/3313/pdf?version=1403325244","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2025392468.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2025392468.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W110066307","https://openalex.org/W116731236","https://openalex.org/W260686721","https://openalex.org/W589484371","https://openalex.org/W1488619920","https://openalex.org/W1526267601","https://openalex.org/W1541376634","https://openalex.org/W1576110028","https://openalex.org/W1594573182","https://openalex.org/W1966337088","https://openalex.org/W1976973111","https://openalex.org/W1989850527","https://openalex.org/W1995115868","https://openalex.org/W1997340236","https://openalex.org/W2002922018","https://openalex.org/W2031365112","https://openalex.org/W2032113419","https://openalex.org/W2037410685","https://openalex.org/W2043076988","https://openalex.org/W2070118837","https://openalex.org/W2077224652","https://openalex.org/W2079484991","https://openalex.org/W2098402059","https://openalex.org/W2107959348","https://openalex.org/W2124655923","https://openalex.org/W2140455288","https://openalex.org/W2143807717","https://openalex.org/W2167363124","https://openalex.org/W2171010169","https://openalex.org/W2179641847","https://openalex.org/W2610957736","https://openalex.org/W2611664116","https://openalex.org/W2788892876","https://openalex.org/W4210317581","https://openalex.org/W4294021350","https://openalex.org/W6604423573","https://openalex.org/W7028425751"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2039078322","https://openalex.org/W2157963305","https://openalex.org/W2390262505","https://openalex.org/W2016809037","https://openalex.org/W2947228206","https://openalex.org/W1603021249","https://openalex.org/W4382930461","https://openalex.org/W2038220364","https://openalex.org/W2600557191","https://openalex.org/W2140914564"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Typically,":[0],"low-pressure":[1],"sprayers":[2],"are":[3],"used":[4],"to":[5,12],"uniformly":[6],"apply":[7],"pre-":[8],"and":[9,26,37,44,56,73,98,130],"post-emergent":[10],"herbicides":[11],"control":[13,23,79,102,161],"weeds":[14],"in":[15,24,64,100,135,202],"crop":[16],"rows.":[17],"An":[18],"innovative":[19],"machine":[20],"for":[21,41,103,198],"weed":[22,59,78,101,140,151,160,165],"inter-row":[25,34],"intra-row":[27,38],"areas,":[28],"with":[29,76,173],"a":[30,51,104,132],"unique":[31],"combination":[32],"of":[33,95,119,126,139,146,150,181,190],"cultivation":[35],"tooling":[36],"band":[39,74],"spraying":[40,69,75],"six":[42],"rows":[43],"an":[45],"electro-hydraulic":[46],"side-shift":[47],"frame":[48],"controlled":[49],"by":[50],"GPS":[52],"system,":[53],"was":[54,123,142],"developed":[55],"evaluated.":[57],"Two":[58],"management":[60,141],"strategies":[61],"were":[62,171],"tested":[63],"the":[65,88,93,109,112,120,127,136,147,156,182,203],"field":[66],"trials:":[67],"broadcast":[68],"(the":[70,82],"conventional":[71,128],"method)":[72],"mechanical":[77],"using":[80],"RTK-GPS":[81],"experimental":[83,121,183],"method).":[84],"This":[85],"approach":[86],"enabled":[87],"comparison":[89,145],"between":[90],"treatments":[91,157],"from":[92],"perspective":[94],"cost":[96],"savings":[97],"efficacy":[99],"sugar":[105],"beet":[106,169,205],"crop.":[107],"During":[108],"2010-2011":[110],"season,":[111],"herbicide":[113,200],"application":[114,201],"rate":[115],"(112":[116],"L":[117],"ha(-1))":[118],"method":[122],"approximately":[124],"50%":[125],"method,":[129],"thus":[131],"significant":[133],"reduction":[134],"operating":[137],"costs":[138],"achieved.":[143],"A":[144],"0.2-trimmed":[148],"means":[149],"population":[152],"post-treatment":[153],"showed":[154],"that":[155],"achieved":[158],"similar":[159,172],"rates":[162],"at":[163],"each":[164],"survey":[166],"date.":[167],"Sugar":[168],"yields":[170],"both":[174],"methods":[175],"(p":[176],"=":[177],"0.92).":[178],"The":[179],"use":[180],"equipment":[184],"is":[185],"cost-effective":[186],"on":[187],"\u226520":[188],"ha":[189],"crops.":[191],"These":[192],"initial":[193],"results":[194],"show":[195],"good":[196],"potential":[197],"reducing":[199],"Spanish":[204],"industry.":[206]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}