{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2169820559","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s121114292","title":"Boundary Layer Separation and Reattachment Detection on Airfoils by Thermal Flow Sensors","display_name":"Boundary Layer Separation and Reattachment Detection on Airfoils by Thermal Flow Sensors","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-10-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2169820559","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s121114292","mag":"2169820559","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23202160"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s121114292","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s121114292","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/12/11/14292/pdf?version=1403319835","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/12/11/14292/pdf?version=1403319835","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013023601","display_name":"Hannes Sturm","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180437899","display_name":"University of Bremen","ror":"https://ror.org/04ers2y35","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180437899"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hannes Sturm","raw_affiliation_strings":["IMSAS (Institute for Microsensors, -actuators and -systems), MCB (Microsystems Center Bremen), University of Bremen, Otto-Hahn-Allee, Bldg. NW1, 28359 Bremen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IMSAS (Institute for Microsensors, -actuators and -systems), MCB (Microsystems Center Bremen), University of Bremen, Otto-Hahn-Allee, Bldg. NW1, 28359 Bremen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180437899"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029756062","display_name":"Gerrit Dumstorff","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180437899","display_name":"University of Bremen","ror":"https://ror.org/04ers2y35","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180437899"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gerrit Dumstorff","raw_affiliation_strings":["IMSAS (Institute for Microsensors, -actuators and -systems), MCB (Microsystems Center Bremen), University of Bremen, Otto-Hahn-Allee, Bldg. NW1, 28359 Bremen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IMSAS (Institute for Microsensors, -actuators and -systems), MCB (Microsystems Center Bremen), University of Bremen, Otto-Hahn-Allee, Bldg. NW1, 28359 Bremen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180437899"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020214005","display_name":"Peter Busche","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133718","display_name":"Deutsche WindGuard (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/0441yn115","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133718"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Busche","raw_affiliation_strings":["Deutsche Wind Guard Wind Tunnel Services GmbH, Oldenburger Stra\u00dfe 65, 26316 Varel, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Deutsche Wind Guard Wind Tunnel Services GmbH, Oldenburger Stra\u00dfe 65, 26316 Varel, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133718"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056403270","display_name":"D. Westermann","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133718","display_name":"Deutsche WindGuard (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/0441yn115","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133718"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dieter Westermann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Deutsche Wind Guard Wind Tunnel Services GmbH, Oldenburger Stra\u00dfe 65, 26316 Varel, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Deutsche Wind Guard Wind Tunnel Services GmbH, Oldenburger Stra\u00dfe 65, 26316 Varel, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133718"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077352854","display_name":"Walter Lang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9813-5231"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180437899","display_name":"University of Bremen","ror":"https://ror.org/04ers2y35","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180437899"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Walter Lang","raw_affiliation_strings":["IMSAS (Institute for Microsensors, -actuators and -systems), MCB (Microsystems Center Bremen), University of Bremen, Otto-Hahn-Allee, Bldg. NW1, 28359 Bremen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IMSAS (Institute for Microsensors, -actuators and -systems), MCB (Microsystems Center Bremen), University of Bremen, Otto-Hahn-Allee, Bldg. NW1, 28359 Bremen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180437899"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077352854"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180437899"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":1586,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1710},"fwci":44.8268,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":46,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99438828,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"11","first_page":"14292","last_page":"14306"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12007","display_name":"Plasma and Flow Control in Aerodynamics","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12007","display_name":"Plasma and Flow Control in Aerodynamics","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10360","display_name":"Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11170","display_name":"Biomimetic flight and propulsion mechanisms","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/airfoil","display_name":"Airfoil","score":0.7850426435470581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flow-separation","display_name":"Flow separation","score":0.7396068572998047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boundary-layer","display_name":"Boundary layer","score":0.7061902284622192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wind-tunnel","display_name":"Wind tunnel","score":0.561030924320221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.5537423491477966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flow","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","score":0.476526141166687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flow-velocity","display_name":"Flow velocity","score":0.45859211683273315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanics","display_name":"Mechanics","score":0.44149523973464966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flow-measurement","display_name":"Flow measurement","score":0.41162675619125366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.37903714179992676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.32059425115585327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.23864531517028809}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112124176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4698744","display_name":"Airfoil","level":2,"score":0.7850426435470581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77576233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1545856","display_name":"Flow separation","level":3,"score":0.7396068572998047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111603439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752193","display_name":"Boundary layer","level":2,"score":0.7061902284622192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100086909","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193010","display_name":"Wind tunnel","level":2,"score":0.561030924320221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.5537423491477966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.476526141166687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166693061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5462119","display_name":"Flow velocity","level":3,"score":0.45859211683273315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.44149523973464966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16302685","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15091623","display_name":"Flow measurement","level":2,"score":0.41162675619125366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.37903714179992676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.32059425115585327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.23864531517028809}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s121114292","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s121114292","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/12/11/14292/pdf?version=1403319835","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:23202160","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23202160","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:af08a548eeac478aa6c5cfc9c6f8f2f3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/af08a548eeac478aa6c5cfc9c6f8f2f3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 12, Iss 11, Pp 14292-14306 (2012)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:2541355","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3522913","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/12/11/14292/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s121114292","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 12; Issue 11; Pages: 14292-14306","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s121114292","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s121114292","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/12/11/14292/pdf?version=1403319835","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.7300000190734863,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324729","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Bremen","ror":"https://ror.org/04ers2y35"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2169820559.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2169820559.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W157852784","https://openalex.org/W1518947313","https://openalex.org/W1598902920","https://openalex.org/W1963822484","https://openalex.org/W1972386460","https://openalex.org/W1987066543","https://openalex.org/W2001015366","https://openalex.org/W2005136965","https://openalex.org/W2005819989","https://openalex.org/W2010653728","https://openalex.org/W2039187938","https://openalex.org/W2051793518","https://openalex.org/W2062025879","https://openalex.org/W2075840716","https://openalex.org/W2090793800","https://openalex.org/W2138757576","https://openalex.org/W2142038753","https://openalex.org/W2143673553","https://openalex.org/W2144135863","https://openalex.org/W2146173235","https://openalex.org/W2152549847","https://openalex.org/W2161967407","https://openalex.org/W2168085563","https://openalex.org/W2481691655","https://openalex.org/W4211251687","https://openalex.org/W4237673503"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1931534613","https://openalex.org/W2712776449","https://openalex.org/W2363721839","https://openalex.org/W2064687145","https://openalex.org/W2378070528","https://openalex.org/W2341533661","https://openalex.org/W3111198679","https://openalex.org/W2326917204","https://openalex.org/W4206104268","https://openalex.org/W1992722226"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"sensor":[1,48,149,176],"concept":[2],"for":[3,98,113,154,174],"detection":[4],"of":[5,28,33,38,62,81,111,128],"boundary":[6],"layer":[7,22],"separation":[8,23,163],"(flow":[9],"separation,":[10],"stall)":[11],"and":[12,24,35,64,70,92,109,167],"reattachment":[13,25],"on":[14,42,89,116,125,131],"airfoils":[15],"is":[16,53,152],"introduced":[17],"in":[18,50,60,94,142],"this":[19,51,143],"paper.":[20],"Boundary":[21],"are":[26,123,137],"phenomena":[27],"fluid":[29],"mechanics":[30],"showing":[31,192],"characteristics":[32],"extinction":[34],"even":[36,168],"inversion":[37],"the":[39,57,67,117,126],"flow":[40,47,58,76,83,170,183],"velocity":[41,59],"an":[43,79,90],"overflowed":[44],"surface.":[45],"The":[46,119],"used":[49,121,138],"work":[52],"able":[54],"to":[55,72,180],"measure":[56],"terms":[61],"direction":[63],"quantity":[65],"at":[66,105,156],"sensor's":[68],"position":[69],"expected":[71],"determine":[73],"those":[74],"specific":[75],"conditions.":[77],"Therefore,":[78],"array":[80],"thermal":[82],"sensors":[84,120,141],"has":[85,189],"been":[86,103,190],"integrated":[87],"(flush-mounted)":[88],"airfoil":[91],"placed":[93],"a":[95,132,146,185],"wind":[96,107],"tunnel":[97],"measurement.":[99],"Sensor":[100],"signals":[101],"have":[102],"recorded":[104],"different":[106,114],"speeds":[108],"angles":[110],"attack":[112],"positions":[115],"airfoil.":[118],"here":[122],"based":[124],"change":[127],"temperature":[129,140],"distribution":[130],"membrane":[133],"(calorimetric":[134],"principle).":[135],"Thermopiles":[136],"as":[139],"approach":[144,188],"offering":[145],"baseline":[147],"free":[148],"signal,":[150],"which":[151],"favorable":[153],"measurements":[155],"zero":[157],"flow.":[158],"Measurement":[159],"results":[160],"show":[161],"clear":[162],"points":[164],"(zero":[165],"flow)":[166,173],"negative":[169],"values":[171],"(back":[172],"all":[175],"positions.":[177],"In":[178],"addition":[179],"standard":[181],"silicon-based":[182],"sensors,":[184],"polymer-based":[186],"flexible":[187],"tested":[191],"similar":[193],"results.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-29T09:21:14.243279","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
