{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2102654825","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s110504656","title":"Soft Water Level Sensors for Characterizing the Hydrological Behaviour of Agricultural Catchments","display_name":"Soft Water Level Sensors for Characterizing the Hydrological Behaviour of Agricultural Catchments","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-04-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2102654825","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s110504656","mag":"2102654825","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22163868"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s110504656","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s110504656","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/11/5/4656/pdf?version=1403314784","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/11/5/4656/pdf?version=1403314784","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071792968","display_name":"Armand Crabit","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1110-7076"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24906876","display_name":"Institut Agro Montpellier","ror":"https://ror.org/03rnk6m14","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24906876","https://openalex.org/I4210117091","https://openalex.org/I4399657933"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154061","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Etude des Interactions entre Sol-Agrosyst\u00e8me-Hydrosyst\u00e8me","ror":"https://ror.org/05deqk823","country_code":null,"type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22248866","https://openalex.org/I24906876","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I2802818602","https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4210090127","https://openalex.org/I4210117091","https://openalex.org/I4210131494","https://openalex.org/I4210166444","https://openalex.org/I4387154061","https://openalex.org/I4399657933"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Armand Crabit","raw_affiliation_strings":["Montpellier SupAgro, UMR LISAH/2 place Pierre Viala, Montpellier 34060, France","Montpellier SupAgro, UMR LISAH/2 place Pierre Viala, Montpellier 34060, France. colinf@supagro.inra.fr"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Montpellier SupAgro, UMR LISAH/2 place Pierre Viala, Montpellier 34060, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24906876","https://openalex.org/I4387154061"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Montpellier SupAgro, UMR LISAH/2 place Pierre Viala, Montpellier 34060, France. colinf@supagro.inra.fr","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24906876","https://openalex.org/I4387154061"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025273872","display_name":"Fran\u00e7ois Colin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3284-6188"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24906876","display_name":"Institut Agro Montpellier","ror":"https://ror.org/03rnk6m14","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24906876","https://openalex.org/I4210117091","https://openalex.org/I4399657933"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154061","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Etude des Interactions entre Sol-Agrosyst\u00e8me-Hydrosyst\u00e8me","ror":"https://ror.org/05deqk823","country_code":null,"type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22248866","https://openalex.org/I24906876","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I2802818602","https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4210090127","https://openalex.org/I4210117091","https://openalex.org/I4210131494","https://openalex.org/I4210166444","https://openalex.org/I4387154061","https://openalex.org/I4399657933"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fran\u00e7ois Colin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Montpellier SupAgro, UMR LISAH/2 place Pierre Viala, Montpellier 34060, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Montpellier SupAgro, UMR LISAH/2 place Pierre Viala, Montpellier 34060, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24906876","https://openalex.org/I4387154061"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024325654","display_name":"Jean\u2010St\u00e9phane Bailly","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4163-5275"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22248866","display_name":"AgroParisTech","ror":"https://ror.org/02kbmgc12","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22248866","https://openalex.org/I277688954"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153996","display_name":"Territoires, Environnement, T\u00e9l\u00e9d\u00e9tection et Information Spatiale","ror":"https://ror.org/0458hw939","country_code":null,"type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I131077856","https://openalex.org/I22248866","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4387153996"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154061","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Etude des Interactions entre Sol-Agrosyst\u00e8me-Hydrosyst\u00e8me","ror":"https://ror.org/05deqk823","country_code":null,"type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22248866","https://openalex.org/I24906876","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I2802818602","https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4210090127","https://openalex.org/I4210117091","https://openalex.org/I4210131494","https://openalex.org/I4210166444","https://openalex.org/I4387154061","https://openalex.org/I4399657933"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jean St\u00e9phane Bailly","raw_affiliation_strings":["AgroParisTech, UMR LISAH, UMR TETIS/2 place Pierre Viala, Montpellier 34060, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AgroParisTech, UMR LISAH, UMR TETIS/2 place Pierre Viala, Montpellier 34060, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22248866","https://openalex.org/I4387154061","https://openalex.org/I4387153996"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012364293","display_name":"Herv\u00e9 Ayroles","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110935","display_name":"Institut de M\u00e9canique des Fluides de Toulouse","ror":"https://ror.org/025nmxp11","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I134560555","https://openalex.org/I205747304","https://openalex.org/I205747304","https://openalex.org/I4210095849","https://openalex.org/I4210110935","https://openalex.org/I4387153255","https://openalex.org/I4405258862","https://openalex.org/I4405258862","https://openalex.org/I4405258862"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Herv\u00e9 Ayroles","raw_affiliation_strings":["IMFT-CNRS, UMR5502/1 All\u00e9e du Professeur Camille Soula, Toulouse 31400, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IMFT-CNRS, UMR5502/1 All\u00e9e du Professeur Camille Soula, Toulouse 31400, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210110935"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109135298","display_name":"Fran\u00e7ois Garnier","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fran\u00e7ois Garnier","raw_affiliation_strings":["INRA, UMR LISAH/2 place Pierre Viala, Montpellier, 34060 France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"INRA, UMR LISAH/2 place Pierre Viala, Montpellier, 34060 France","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5071792968"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24906876","https://openalex.org/I4387154061"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.14783863,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"5","first_page":"4656","last_page":"4673"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10330","display_name":"Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10330","display_name":"Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10930","display_name":"Flood Risk Assessment and Management","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11234","display_name":"Precipitation Measurement and Analysis","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.7654651403427124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrology","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","score":0.6477483510971069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surface-runoff","display_name":"Surface runoff","score":0.6029274463653564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/runoff-model","display_name":"Runoff model","score":0.44568219780921936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/venturi-effect","display_name":"Venturi effect","score":0.44441384077072144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09508422017097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.07752642035484314}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.7654651403427124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76886044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2883300","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","level":2,"score":0.6477483510971069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50477045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1444790","display_name":"Surface runoff","level":2,"score":0.6029274463653564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24749216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1780157","display_name":"Runoff model","level":3,"score":0.44568219780921936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21423434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q725699","display_name":"Venturi effect","level":3,"score":0.44441384077072144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09508422017097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.07752642035484314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201289731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172599","display_name":"Inlet","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000383","descriptor_name":"Agriculture","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000383","descriptor_name":"Agriculture","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000383","descriptor_name":"Agriculture","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004784","descriptor_name":"Environmental Monitoring","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004784","descriptor_name":"Environmental Monitoring","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004784","descriptor_name":"Environmental Monitoring","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014872","descriptor_name":"Water Movements","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014872","descriptor_name":"Water Movements","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014872","descriptor_name":"Water Movements","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D025802","descriptor_name":"Electric Capacitance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D025802","descriptor_name":"Electric Capacitance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D025802","descriptor_name":"Electric Capacitance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s110504656","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s110504656","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/11/5/4656/pdf?version=1403314784","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:22163868","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22163868","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-00602628v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-00602628","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, 2011, 11 (5), p. 4656 - p. 4673. ⟨10.3390/s110504656⟩","raw_type":"Journal articles"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:11aac08e28b14c9ca5ff58046ef0883f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/11aac08e28b14c9ca5ff58046ef0883f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 11, Iss 5, Pp 4656-4673 (2011)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:2240554","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3231374","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:irsteadoc.irstea.fr:PUB00031681","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://irsteadoc.irstea.fr/cemoa/PUB00031681","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"26284","raw_type":"Article de revue scientifique \u00e0 comit\u00e9 de lecture"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/11/5/4656/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s110504656","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 11; Issue 5; Pages: 4656-4673","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s110504656","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s110504656","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/11/5/4656/pdf?version=1403314784","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.5400000214576721}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323910","display_name":"Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique","ror":"https://ror.org/01x3gbx83"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2102654825.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2102654825.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W611319014","https://openalex.org/W1494297996","https://openalex.org/W1529668868","https://openalex.org/W1591300912","https://openalex.org/W1605455012","https://openalex.org/W1611385513","https://openalex.org/W1857439137","https://openalex.org/W1968816911","https://openalex.org/W1969963038","https://openalex.org/W1999615743","https://openalex.org/W1999981519","https://openalex.org/W2002189910","https://openalex.org/W2003052336","https://openalex.org/W2004475039","https://openalex.org/W2007316901","https://openalex.org/W2015188482","https://openalex.org/W2020131789","https://openalex.org/W2031538550","https://openalex.org/W2048069199","https://openalex.org/W2059911697","https://openalex.org/W2063151644","https://openalex.org/W2074792997","https://openalex.org/W2077201599","https://openalex.org/W2084896912","https://openalex.org/W2085070335","https://openalex.org/W2088996973","https://openalex.org/W2097119230","https://openalex.org/W2097610580","https://openalex.org/W2099813358","https://openalex.org/W2125294001","https://openalex.org/W2133850095","https://openalex.org/W2152371286","https://openalex.org/W2154776244","https://openalex.org/W2163078417","https://openalex.org/W3006757658","https://openalex.org/W4235764071"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2416413398","https://openalex.org/W2258050176","https://openalex.org/W2567223719","https://openalex.org/W1600449631","https://openalex.org/W587441490","https://openalex.org/W2346304838","https://openalex.org/W2998482203","https://openalex.org/W2392839383","https://openalex.org/W2376638751","https://openalex.org/W2521758442"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"innovative":[1],"soft":[2],"water":[3,37,84,115,206,265],"level":[4,38,85],"sensor":[5,23,132,151],"is":[6],"proposed":[7],"to":[8,32,48,65,82,99,152,191],"characterize":[9],"the":[10,107,139,146,150,199,214,220,224,230,235],"hydrological":[11,248],"behaviour":[12,249],"of":[13,57,114,149,213,237,239],"agricultural":[14,195,255],"catchments":[15,71,196,215],"by":[16,233],"measuring":[17],"rainfall":[18,101,168],"and":[19,35,53,60,94,103,121,141,170,176,205,228,263],"stream":[20],"flows.":[21],"This":[22],"works":[24],"as":[25,64,78,95],"a":[26,30,79,88,91,96,110,118],"capacitor":[27],"coupled":[28],"with":[29,117,180],"capacitance":[31],"frequency":[33,236],"converter":[34],"measures":[36],"at":[39,125,219,229],"an":[40,126,181],"adjustable":[41],"time":[42,226],"step":[43],"acquisition.":[44],"It":[45,75,242],"was":[46,76,133,189],"designed":[47],"be":[49,252],"handy,":[50],"minimally":[51],"invasive":[52],"optimized":[54],"in":[55,87,138,145,185,198],"terms":[56],"energy":[58],"consumption":[59],"low-cost":[61],"fabrication":[62],"so":[63],"multiply":[66],"its":[67],"use":[68],"on":[69,106],"several":[70],"under":[72,135,142],"natural":[73],"conditions.":[74],"used":[77,190],"stage":[80],"recorder":[81],"measure":[83,100],"dynamics":[86],"channel":[89],"during":[90],"runoff":[92,123,240],"event":[93,127,221,262],"rain":[97,157],"gauge":[98],"amount":[102],"intensity.":[104],"Based":[105],"Manning":[108],"equation,":[109],"method":[111],"allowed":[112],"estimation":[113],"discharge":[116],"given":[119],"uncertainty":[120,182],"hence":[122],"volume":[124],"or":[128],"annual":[129,231],"scale.":[130],"The":[131],"tested":[134],"controlled":[136],"conditions":[137,144],"laboratory":[140],"real":[143],"field.":[147],"Comparisons":[148],"reference":[153],"devices":[154],"(tipping":[155],"bucket":[156],"gauge,":[158],"hydrostatic":[159],"pressure":[160],"transmitter":[161],"limnimeter,":[162],"Venturi":[163],"channels\u2026)":[164],"showed":[165],"accurate":[166],"results:":[167],"intensities":[169],"dynamic":[171],"responses":[172],"were":[173,178],"accurately":[174],"reproduced":[175],"discharges":[177],"estimated":[179],"usually":[183],"acceptable":[184],"hydrology.":[186],"Hence,":[187],"it":[188],"monitor":[192],"eleven":[193],"small":[194],"located":[197],"Mediterranean":[200],"region.":[201],"Both":[202],"catchment":[203,247],"reactivity":[204],"budget":[207],"have":[208],"been":[209,217],"calculated.":[210],"Dynamic":[211],"response":[212],"has":[216],"studied":[218],"scale":[222,232],"through":[223],"rising":[225],"determination":[227],"calculating":[234],"occurrence":[238],"events.":[241],"provided":[243],"significant":[244],"insight":[245],"into":[246],"which":[250],"could":[251],"useful":[253],"for":[254],"management":[256],"perspectives":[257],"involving":[258],"pollutant":[259],"transport,":[260],"flooding":[261],"global":[264],"balance.":[266]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}