{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2072943672","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s100505193","title":"A Reusable PZT Transducer for Monitoring Initial Hydration and Structural Health of Concrete","display_name":"A Reusable PZT Transducer for Monitoring Initial Hydration and Structural Health of Concrete","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-05-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2072943672","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s100505193","mag":"2072943672","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22399929"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s100505193","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s100505193","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/10/5/5193/pdf?version=1403312525","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/10/5/5193/pdf?version=1403312525","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100369307","display_name":"Yaowen Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7856-2009"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yaowen Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore","School of Civil and Environmental Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue 639798 Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Civil and Environmental Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue 639798 Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040450482","display_name":"Bahador Sabet Divsholi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1427-3363"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bahador Sabet Divsholi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062432839","display_name":"Chee Kiong Soh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7995-8171"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chee Kiong Soh","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100369307"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":10.9084,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":110,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98552938,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"5","first_page":"5193","last_page":"5208"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10662","display_name":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10662","display_name":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10534","display_name":"Structural Health Monitoring Techniques","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12169","display_name":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lead-zirconate-titanate","display_name":"Lead zirconate titanate","score":0.8740254640579224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precast-concrete","display_name":"Precast concrete","score":0.8479938507080078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/admittance","display_name":"Admittance","score":0.7669640183448792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.7077458500862122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transducer","display_name":"Transducer","score":0.7051411867141724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enclosure","display_name":"Enclosure","score":0.702674150466919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-health-monitoring","display_name":"Structural health monitoring","score":0.6920398473739624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.5205639004707336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/casting","display_name":"Casting","score":0.41159096360206604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.4114657938480377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.40887248516082764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-impedance","display_name":"Electrical impedance","score":0.4052749574184418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.17758429050445557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dielectric","display_name":"Dielectric","score":0.12213197350502014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.0927378237247467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ferroelectricity","display_name":"Ferroelectricity","score":0.0754462480545044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.07410746812820435}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781128178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q883484","display_name":"Lead zirconate titanate","level":4,"score":0.8740254640579224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125450124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831541","display_name":"Precast concrete","level":2,"score":0.8479938507080078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108811297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214518","display_name":"Admittance","level":3,"score":0.7669640183448792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7077458500862122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56318395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215928","display_name":"Transducer","level":2,"score":0.7051411867141724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98375054","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442709","display_name":"Enclosure","level":2,"score":0.702674150466919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776247918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423713","display_name":"Structural health monitoring","level":2,"score":0.6920398473739624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.5205639004707336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16635281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q496098","display_name":"Casting","level":2,"score":0.41159096360206604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.4114657938480377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.40887248516082764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17829176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179043","display_name":"Electrical impedance","level":2,"score":0.4052749574184418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17758429050445557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133386390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184996","display_name":"Dielectric","level":2,"score":0.12213197350502014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.0927378237247467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79090758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1045739","display_name":"Ferroelectricity","level":3,"score":0.0754462480545044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.07410746812820435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s100505193","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s100505193","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/10/5/5193/pdf?version=1403312525","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:22399929","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22399929","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:94f15d9449ec4611a768b9627869d9db","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/94f15d9449ec4611a768b9627869d9db","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 10, Iss 5, Pp 5193-5208 (2010)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:2305672","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3292169","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/10/5/5193/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s100505193","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 10; Issue 5; Pages: 5193-5208","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s100505193","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s100505193","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/10/5/5193/pdf?version=1403312525","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.800000011920929,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2072943672.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2072943672.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964807823","https://openalex.org/W1975977624","https://openalex.org/W1985110503","https://openalex.org/W1994614433","https://openalex.org/W1995251359","https://openalex.org/W2011874304","https://openalex.org/W2018852350","https://openalex.org/W2020893055","https://openalex.org/W2026081515","https://openalex.org/W2027050563","https://openalex.org/W2028305164","https://openalex.org/W2032316892","https://openalex.org/W2035965613","https://openalex.org/W2036364828","https://openalex.org/W2046734031","https://openalex.org/W2050252747","https://openalex.org/W2069782963","https://openalex.org/W2074569563","https://openalex.org/W2076822705","https://openalex.org/W2154698181"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4214875542","https://openalex.org/W2382955806","https://openalex.org/W648475852","https://openalex.org/W4298335583","https://openalex.org/W2032329706","https://openalex.org/W3041004952","https://openalex.org/W3166628289","https://openalex.org/W2085868078","https://openalex.org/W2127661660","https://openalex.org/W2060490468"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"During":[0],"the":[1,13,19,24,35,66,104,108,117,121,132,140,148,156,162,171],"construction":[2],"of":[3,15,26,32,38,82,92,120,159],"a":[4,73,90],"concrete":[5,43,83,135,160,172],"structure,":[6],"strength":[7,136],"monitoring":[8,79],"is":[9,40,87,94,113,128,151],"important":[10,41],"to":[11,22,96,115,130,153],"ensure":[12],"safety":[14],"both":[16],"personnel":[17],"and":[18,58,84,161],"structure.":[20],"Furthermore,":[21],"increase":[23],"efficiency":[25],"in":[27,107,134,139],"situ":[28],"casting":[29],"or":[30],"precast":[31],"concrete,":[33],"determining":[34],"optimal":[36],"time":[37],"demolding":[39],"for":[42,55,61,78,173],"suppliers.":[44],"Surface":[45],"bonded":[46,95],"lead":[47],"zirconate":[48],"titanate":[49],"(PZT)":[50],"transducers":[51],"have":[52],"been":[53],"used":[54,114],"damage":[56],"detection":[57],"parameter":[59],"identification":[60],"various":[62],"engineering":[63],"structures":[64],"over":[65],"last":[67],"two":[68,100],"decades.":[69],"In":[70],"this":[71],"work,":[72],"reusable":[74,149],"PZT":[75,93,141],"transducer":[76],"setup":[77,150],"initial":[80,157],"hydration":[81,158],"structural":[85,163],"health":[86],"developed,":[88],"where":[89],"piece":[91],"an":[97],"enclosure":[98],"with":[99,137],"bolts":[101],"tightened":[102],"inside":[103],"holes":[105],"drilled":[106],"enclosure.":[109],"An":[110],"impedance":[111],"analyzer":[112],"acquire":[116],"admittance":[118,142],"signatures":[119],"PZT.":[122],"Root":[123],"mean":[124],"square":[125],"deviation":[126],"(RMSD)":[127],"employed":[129],"associate":[131],"change":[133],"changes":[138],"signatures.":[143],"The":[144],"results":[145],"show":[146],"that":[147],"able":[152],"effectively":[154],"monitor":[155],"health.":[164],"It":[165],"can":[166],"also":[167],"be":[168],"detached":[169],"from":[170],"future":[174],"re-use.":[175]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-03-21T08:13:44.787528","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
