{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2042086293","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s100403934","title":"A Monitoring and Advisory System for Diabetes Patient Management Using a Rule-Based Method and KNN","display_name":"A Monitoring and Advisory System for Diabetes Patient Management Using a Rule-Based Method and KNN","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-04-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2042086293","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s100403934","mag":"2042086293","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22319334"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s100403934","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s100403934","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/10/4/3934/pdf?version=1403312391","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/10/4/3934/pdf?version=1403312391","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002649586","display_name":"Malrey Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1256-6795"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80611190","display_name":"Jeonbuk National University","ror":"https://ror.org/05q92br09","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80611190"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Malrey Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Advanced Image and Information Technology, School of Electronics & Information Engineering, ChonBuk National University, 664-14, 1Ga, DeokJin-Dong, JeonJu, ChonBuk, 561-756, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Advanced Image and Information Technology, School of Electronics & Information Engineering, ChonBuk National University, 664-14, 1Ga, DeokJin-Dong, JeonJu, ChonBuk, 561-756, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80611190"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051344557","display_name":"Thomas M. Gatton","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112098","display_name":"National University","ror":"https://ror.org/01zjrck77","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086682","https://openalex.org/I4210112098"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40399489","display_name":"Torrey Pines Institute For Molecular Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/01grq2104","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40399489"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas M. Gatton","raw_affiliation_strings":["The School of Engineering and Technology, National University, 11255 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The School of Engineering and Technology, National University, 11255 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40399489","https://openalex.org/I4210112098"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102113967","display_name":"Keun-Kwang Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131165991","display_name":"Koguryeo College","ror":"https://ror.org/02p3w0b60","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131165991"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Keun-Kwang Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Beauty Arts, Koguryeo College, Chonnam, Naju City, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Beauty Arts, Koguryeo College, Chonnam, Naju City, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3131165991"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102113967"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3131165991"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":3.0462,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":36,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92694219,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"4","first_page":"3934","last_page":"3953"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.8977000117301941,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.8977000117301941,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetes-mellitus","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","score":0.6986108422279358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-sugar","display_name":"Blood sugar","score":0.6837538480758667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetes-management","display_name":"Diabetes management","score":0.6008968949317932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5221633911132812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.5000436305999756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/management-system","display_name":"Management system","score":0.4284449815750122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.42372092604637146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.26826637983322144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.24979791045188904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-management","display_name":"Operations management","score":0.21182924509048462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-2-diabetes","display_name":"Type 2 diabetes","score":0.12690186500549316}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.6986108422279358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780485761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275157","display_name":"Blood sugar","level":3,"score":0.6837538480758667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776217022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1100933","display_name":"Diabetes management","level":4,"score":0.6008968949317932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5221633911132812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.5000436305999756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198783460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629173","display_name":"Management system","level":2,"score":0.4284449815750122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.42372092604637146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.26826637983322144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.24979791045188904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.21182924509048462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777180221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3025883","display_name":"Type 2 diabetes","level":3,"score":0.12690186500549316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001786","descriptor_name":"Blood Glucose","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001786","descriptor_name":"Blood Glucose","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001786","descriptor_name":"Blood Glucose","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003920","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003920","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003920","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007328","descriptor_name":"Insulin","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007328","descriptor_name":"Insulin","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007328","descriptor_name":"Insulin","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009043","descriptor_name":"Motor Activity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009043","descriptor_name":"Motor Activity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009043","descriptor_name":"Motor Activity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015190","descriptor_name":"Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015190","descriptor_name":"Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015190","descriptor_name":"Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019468","descriptor_name":"Disease Management","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019468","descriptor_name":"Disease Management","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019468","descriptor_name":"Disease Management","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D034201","descriptor_name":"Computers, Handheld","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D034201","descriptor_name":"Computers, Handheld","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D034201","descriptor_name":"Computers, Handheld","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s100403934","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s100403934","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/10/4/3934/pdf?version=1403312391","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:22319334","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22319334","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.652.8973","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.652.8973","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/10/4/3934/sensors-10-03934-pdf-vor.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:624da307120748caab377da4c4f02aa2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/624da307120748caab377da4c4f02aa2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 10, Iss 4, Pp 3934-3953 (2010)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/10/4/3934/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s100403934","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 10; Issue 4; Pages: 3934-3953","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3274186","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3274186","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s100403934","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s100403934","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/10/4/3934/pdf?version=1403312391","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.4099999964237213,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310223","display_name":"Georgetown University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2042086293.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2042086293.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W244884190","https://openalex.org/W2035423729","https://openalex.org/W2050003166","https://openalex.org/W2060760696","https://openalex.org/W2077257470","https://openalex.org/W2112868316","https://openalex.org/W2113397859","https://openalex.org/W2122368135","https://openalex.org/W2229157273"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2348573424","https://openalex.org/W3080453316","https://openalex.org/W2982442175","https://openalex.org/W2003316325","https://openalex.org/W1992007649","https://openalex.org/W4206942858","https://openalex.org/W3138135724","https://openalex.org/W2131057798","https://openalex.org/W3177289888","https://openalex.org/W4285141181"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Diabetes":[0],"is":[1,7,46,92,117],"difficult":[2],"to":[3,9,39,48,104],"control":[4],"and":[5,16,66,72,96,122],"it":[6],"important":[8],"manage":[10,67,87],"the":[11,18,50,53,68,83,97,106],"diabetic's":[12],"blood":[13,41,54,57],"sugar":[14,42,55],"level":[15],"prevent":[17],"associated":[19],"complications":[20],"by":[21,70],"appropriate":[22,33],"diabetic":[23],"treatment.":[24],"This":[25],"paper":[26],"proposes":[27],"a":[28,111],"system":[29,45,91,113],"that":[30,82],"can":[31,85],"provide":[32],"management":[34],"for":[35,114],"diabetes":[36,64,115],"patients,":[37,65],"according":[38],"their":[40,88],"level.":[43],"The":[44,90],"designed":[47],"send":[49],"information":[51],"about":[52],"levels,":[56],"pressure,":[58],"food":[59,74],"consumption,":[60,75],"exercise,":[61],"etc.,":[62,80],"of":[63],"treatment":[69,108],"recommending":[71],"monitoring":[73,112],"physical":[76],"activity,":[77],"insulin":[78],"dosage,":[79],"so":[81],"patient":[84],"better":[86],"condition.":[89],"based":[93],"on":[94],"rules":[95],"K":[98],"Nearest":[99],"Neighbor":[100],"(KNN)":[101],"classifier":[102],"algorithm,":[103],"obtain":[105],"optimum":[107],"recommendation.":[109],"Also,":[110],"patients":[116],"implemented":[118],"using":[119],"Web":[120],"Services":[121],"Personal":[123],"Digital":[124],"Assistant":[125],"(PDA)":[126],"programming.":[127]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}