{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2771750470","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9121282","title":"Comparing and Merging Observation Data from Ka-Band Cloud Radar, C-Band Frequency-Modulated Continuous Wave Radar and Ceilometer Systems","display_name":"Comparing and Merging Observation Data from Ka-Band Cloud Radar, C-Band Frequency-Modulated Continuous Wave Radar and Ceilometer Systems","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-12-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2771750470","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9121282","mag":"2771750470"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs9121282","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9121282","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/9/12/1282/pdf?version=1513315748","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/9/12/1282/pdf?version=1513315748","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100352447","display_name":"Liping Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8467-5210"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133131","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034b53w38","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Liping Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100086, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100086, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090400528","display_name":"Zheng Ruan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133131","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034b53w38","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheng Ruan","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100086, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100086, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040148112","display_name":"Jiafeng Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5836-6839"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24201400","display_name":"Chengdu University of Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yxwrh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24201400"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiafeng Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Atmospheric Sciences, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Atmospheric Sciences, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24201400"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101552302","display_name":"Wenhua Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2478-5917"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133131","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034b53w38","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenhua Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100086, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100086, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100352447"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":1.7179,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83766571,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"12","first_page":"1282","last_page":"1282"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11234","display_name":"Precipitation Measurement and Analysis","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ceilometer","display_name":"Ceilometer","score":0.8776992559432983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6684619188308716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.5873517394065857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.44826894998550415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave","display_name":"Microwave","score":0.43729260563850403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3870740532875061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.38579490780830383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.38564667105674744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lidar","display_name":"Lidar","score":0.3437514901161194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.3214512765407562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.24233850836753845}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189680139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027486","display_name":"Ceilometer","level":3,"score":0.8776992559432983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6684619188308716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.5873517394065857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.44826894998550415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44838205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127995","display_name":"Microwave","level":2,"score":0.43729260563850403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3870740532875061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.38579490780830383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.38564667105674744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51399673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504027","display_name":"Lidar","level":2,"score":0.3437514901161194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.3214512765407562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.24233850836753845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs9121282","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9121282","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/9/12/1282/pdf?version=1513315748","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:553ce98f1dc6488893c06ca5b22c85fe","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/553ce98f1dc6488893c06ca5b22c85fe","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 9, Iss 12, p 1282 (2017)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/9/12/1282/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs9121282","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 9; Issue 12; Pages: 1282","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs9121282","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9121282","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/9/12/1282/pdf?version=1513315748","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1230059556","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41705008","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3373023697","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41675023","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4020255992","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Project","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4840164279","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"91437101","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5147449867","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2016Z005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321849","funder_display_name":"Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5760752404","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Projects","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6258415954","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Chinese","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6722746895","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"91337103","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8882997871","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41475029","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321849","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034b53w38"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2771750470.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2771750470.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1646127765","https://openalex.org/W1979542606","https://openalex.org/W1982744387","https://openalex.org/W1992437286","https://openalex.org/W2001319411","https://openalex.org/W2005906181","https://openalex.org/W2026824899","https://openalex.org/W2031894925","https://openalex.org/W2061034623","https://openalex.org/W2062853112","https://openalex.org/W2072615383","https://openalex.org/W2096526917","https://openalex.org/W2104897058","https://openalex.org/W2121976166","https://openalex.org/W2157122224","https://openalex.org/W2223331153","https://openalex.org/W2320126645","https://openalex.org/W2519542205","https://openalex.org/W2592131588","https://openalex.org/W2610090103","https://openalex.org/W6675883110"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2033237146","https://openalex.org/W2018615155","https://openalex.org/W2904104692","https://openalex.org/W4390228125","https://openalex.org/W2155771115","https://openalex.org/W1975301885","https://openalex.org/W4236640951","https://openalex.org/W2908781984","https://openalex.org/W2369783186","https://openalex.org/W2151548357"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Field":[0],"experiment":[1,94],"in":[2,63,88,97,151,207,233,253,285,301],"South":[3],"China":[4,101],"was":[5],"undertaken":[6],"to":[7,104,119,128,190,231,272,290,313],"improve":[8],"understanding":[9],"of":[10,16,20,86,106,115,141,245,260,327],"cloud":[11,36,65,143,251,277],"and":[12,22,29,53,74,77,124,133,145,181,212,218,228,241,248,267,278,296,298,309,317,329],"precipitation":[13,239,279],"properties.":[14],"Measurements":[15],"the":[17,84,89,113,116,130,152,157,166,194,208,225,234,237,243,254,258,302],"vertical":[18,46,147],"structures":[19],"non-precipitating":[21],"precipitating":[23],"clouds":[24,76,288,311,321],"were":[25,201,221,292,306,322],"obtained":[26],"using":[27],"passive":[28],"active":[30],"remote":[31],"sensing":[32],"equipment:":[33],"a":[34,40,50,54,60,325],"Ka-band":[35],"radar":[37,48,153],"(CR)":[38],"system,":[39],"C-band":[41],"frequency":[42,140],"modulated":[43],"continuous":[44],"wave":[45],"pointing":[47],"(CVPR),":[49],"microwave":[51],"radiometer":[52],"laser":[55],"ceilometer":[56],"(CEIL).":[57],"CR":[58,167,180,210,216],"plays":[59],"key":[61],"role":[62],"high-level":[64,310],"observation,":[66],"whereas":[67],"CVPR":[68,132,182,226],"is":[69],"important":[70],"for":[71],"observing":[72],"low-":[73],"mid-level":[75],"heavy":[78,238],"precipitation.":[79],"CEIL":[80,134,229],"helps":[81],"us":[82],"diminish":[83],"effects":[85,244],"\u201cclear-sky\u201d":[87],"planetary":[90],"boundary":[91,255],"layer.":[92,256],"The":[93,176,214,281],"took":[95],"place":[96],"Longmen,":[98],"Guangdong":[99],"Province,":[100],"from":[102,193],"May":[103],"September":[105],"2016.":[107],"This":[108],"study":[109],"focuses":[110],"on":[111,250],"evaluating":[112],"ability":[114],"two":[117],"radars":[118],"deliver":[120],"consistent":[121],"observation":[122],"data":[123,159,205,220,227,230,262],"develops":[125],"an":[126],"algorithm":[127],"merge":[129],"CR,":[131],"data.":[135,154],"Cloud":[136],"echo":[137],"base,":[138],"thickness,":[139],"observed":[142,202],"types":[144],"reflectivity":[146,163,183,217,304],"distributions":[148],"are":[149,171],"analyzed":[150],"Comparisons":[155],"between":[156,165,179,203,324],"collocated":[158],"sets":[160],"show":[161],"that":[162],"biases":[164,200],"three":[168,209,282],"operating":[169],"modes":[170,211],"less":[172],"than":[173],"2":[174],"dB.":[175,197],"averaged":[177],"difference":[178],"can":[184],"be":[185],"reduced":[186],"with":[187,224,263],"attenuation":[188],"correction":[189],"3.57":[191],"dB":[192],"original":[195],"4.82":[196],"No":[198],"systemic":[199],"velocity":[204,219,261,270],"collected":[206],"CVPR.":[213],"corrected":[215],"then":[222],"merged":[223],"fill":[232],"gaps":[235],"during":[236],"periods":[240,284],"reduce":[242],"Bragg":[246],"scattering":[247],"fog":[249],"observations":[252],"Meanwhile,":[257],"merging":[259],"different":[264],"Nyquist":[265],"velocities":[266],"resolutions":[268],"diminishes":[269],"folding":[271],"provide":[273],"fine-grain":[274],"information":[275],"about":[276],"dynamics.":[280],"daily":[283],"which":[286],"low-level":[287],"tended":[289,312],"occur":[291,314],"at":[293,315],"sunrise,":[294],"noon":[295],"sunset":[297],"large":[299],"differences":[300],"average":[303],"values":[305],"observed.":[307],"Mid-":[308],"1400":[316],"1800":[318],"BT.":[319],"Few":[320],"found":[323],"height":[326],"3":[328],"5":[330],"km.":[331]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-04-18T07:56:08.524223","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}