{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2766278706","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9111089","title":"Submesoscale Sea Surface Temperature Variability from UAV and Satellite Measurements","display_name":"Submesoscale Sea Surface Temperature Variability from UAV and Satellite Measurements","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-10-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2766278706","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9111089","mag":"2766278706"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs9111089","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9111089","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/9/11/1089/pdf?version=1508942542","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/9/11/1089/pdf?version=1508942542","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109860608","display_name":"Sandra L. Castro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-2641"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sandra Castro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Colorado Center for Astrodynamics Research, University of Colorado, 431 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colorado Center for Astrodynamics Research, University of Colorado, 431 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078388655","display_name":"William J. Emery","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-9082"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William Emery","raw_affiliation_strings":["Colorado Center for Astrodynamics Research, University of Colorado, 431 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colorado Center for Astrodynamics Research, University of Colorado, 431 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049547208","display_name":"Gary A. Wick","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3861-015X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113003","display_name":"Physical Sciences (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/021qvjc46","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113003"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80605987","display_name":"NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/033tt8e33","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1308126019","https://openalex.org/I1343035065","https://openalex.org/I2802992173","https://openalex.org/I80605987"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gary Wick","raw_affiliation_strings":["NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Physical Sciences Division, R/PSD2 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Physical Sciences Division, R/PSD2 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80605987","https://openalex.org/I4210113003"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083642548","display_name":"William D. Tandy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7580-0019"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William Tandy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ball Aerospace, 1600 Commerce St., Boulder, CO 80301, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ball Aerospace, 1600 Commerce St., Boulder, CO 80301, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109860608"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":4.3696,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":49,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9403173,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"11","first_page":"1089","last_page":"1089"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10255","display_name":"Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10255","display_name":"Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11459","display_name":"Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10029","display_name":"Climate variability and models","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sea-surface-temperature","display_name":"Sea surface temperature","score":0.581121563911438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.5473525524139404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5161920189857483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moderate-resolution-imaging-spectroradiometer","display_name":"Moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer","score":0.4953373968601227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelength","display_name":"Wavelength","score":0.48167717456817627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.4562784433364868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiometer","display_name":"Radiometer","score":0.44840410351753235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climatology","display_name":"Climatology","score":0.4445633590221405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.43311724066734314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-sciences","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","score":0.4186219573020935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.38793283700942993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1305212676525116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.10067269206047058}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134097258","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1507383","display_name":"Sea surface temperature","level":2,"score":0.581121563911438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.5473525524139404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5161920189857483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777007095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q676840","display_name":"Moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer","level":3,"score":0.4953373968601227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6260449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41364","display_name":"Wavelength","level":2,"score":0.48167717456817627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.4562784433364868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120189094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850281","display_name":"Radiometer","level":2,"score":0.44840410351753235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.4445633590221405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.43311724066734314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.4186219573020935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.38793283700942993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1305212676525116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.10067269206047058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs9111089","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9111089","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/9/11/1089/pdf?version=1508942542","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:94bcc8a8a77944a0a978f08ad5114d59","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/94bcc8a8a77944a0a978f08ad5114d59","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 9, Iss 11, p 1089 (2017)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/9/11/1089/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs9111089","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs9111089","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9111089","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/9/11/1089/pdf?version=1508942542","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":0.8500000238418579,"display_name":"Life below water"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7343365898","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NNX11AN57G","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","funder_display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310094","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2766278706.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2766278706.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W86020708","https://openalex.org/W137464264","https://openalex.org/W323536346","https://openalex.org/W1514601400","https://openalex.org/W1529149187","https://openalex.org/W1667332724","https://openalex.org/W1971216807","https://openalex.org/W1975586842","https://openalex.org/W1979204798","https://openalex.org/W1979342243","https://openalex.org/W1989459132","https://openalex.org/W1997238781","https://openalex.org/W1998609755","https://openalex.org/W2000183650","https://openalex.org/W2001822121","https://openalex.org/W2012145501","https://openalex.org/W2038599242","https://openalex.org/W2044961254","https://openalex.org/W2045384647","https://openalex.org/W2048467149","https://openalex.org/W2070478826","https://openalex.org/W2080741023","https://openalex.org/W2132479132","https://openalex.org/W2133509143","https://openalex.org/W2134213743","https://openalex.org/W2147019034","https://openalex.org/W2162987913","https://openalex.org/W2170684449","https://openalex.org/W2553084875","https://openalex.org/W3018016604","https://openalex.org/W4289785078","https://openalex.org/W6603432584","https://openalex.org/W6643203940","https://openalex.org/W6650458227","https://openalex.org/W6888388203","https://openalex.org/W6939992313"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2113351631","https://openalex.org/W1971795288","https://openalex.org/W2351243579","https://openalex.org/W2378441783","https://openalex.org/W2122753745","https://openalex.org/W2121826578","https://openalex.org/W2115610773","https://openalex.org/W2069286951","https://openalex.org/W1990464677","https://openalex.org/W1618981239"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Earlier":[0],"studies":[1],"of":[2,30,66,78,92,99,110,115,141,154,162,180,194,201],"spatial":[3,64,90],"variability":[4,16,65,91,102],"in":[5,131],"sea":[6],"surface":[7,101],"temperature":[8,95],"(SST)":[9],"using":[10],"ship-based":[11],"radiometric":[12],"data":[13,36],"suggested":[14],"that":[15,88],"at":[17,128,165,184],"scales":[18],"smaller":[19],"than":[20],"1":[21],"km":[22,203],"is":[23,157],"significant":[24,89],"and":[25],"affects":[26],"the":[27,38,50,63,74,79,93,100,116,132,145,160,166,170,177,185,191],"perceived":[28],"uncertainty":[29],"satellite-derived":[31],"SSTs.":[32],"Here,":[33],"we":[34,86],"compare":[35],"from":[37,199],"Ball":[39],"Experimental":[40],"Sea":[41],"Surface":[42],"Temperature":[43],"(BESST)":[44],"thermal":[45],"infrared":[46],"radiometer":[47],"flown":[48],"over":[49],"Arctic":[51],"Ocean":[52],"against":[53],"coincident":[54],"Moderate":[55],"Resolution":[56],"Imaging":[57],"Spectroradiometer":[58],"(MODIS)":[59],"measurements":[60,81],"to":[61,204],"assess":[62],"skin":[67,94],"SSTs":[68],"within":[69,82],"1-km":[70],"pixels.":[71],"By":[72],"taking":[73],"standard":[75],"deviation,":[76],"\u03c3,":[77],"BESST":[80,105,171],"individual":[83],"MODIS":[84,181],"pixels,":[85],"show":[87],"exists.":[96],"The":[97],"distribution":[98,179],"measured":[103],"by":[104,196],"shows":[106],"a":[107,138,151],"peak":[108],"value":[109],"O(0.1)":[111],"K,":[112],"with":[113,159],"95%":[114],"pixels":[117,125],"showing":[118],"\u03c3":[119],"<":[120],"0.45":[121],"K.":[122],"Significantly,":[123],"high-variability":[124],"are":[126,137],"located":[127],"density":[129],"fronts":[130],"marginal":[133],"ice":[134],"zone,":[135],"which":[136,156],"primary":[139],"source":[140],"submesoscale":[142,163],"intermittency":[143],"near":[144],"surface.":[146,168],"SST":[147,182],"wavenumber":[148,172],"spectra":[149,173,183],"indicate":[150],"spectral":[152,192],"slope":[153,193],"\u22122,":[155],"consistent":[158],"presence":[161],"processes":[164],"ocean":[167],"Furthermore,":[169],"not":[174],"only":[175],"match":[176],"energy":[178],"satellite-resolved":[186],"wavelengths,":[187],"they":[188],"also":[189],"span":[190],"\u22122":[195],"~3":[197],"decades,":[198],"wavelengths":[200],"8":[202],"<0.08":[205],"km.":[206]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2017-11-10T00:00:00"}