{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2751448007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9090933","title":"Performance Analysis of Ocean Surface Topography Altimetry by Ku-Band Near-Nadir Interferometric SAR","display_name":"Performance Analysis of Ocean Surface Topography Altimetry by Ku-Band Near-Nadir Interferometric SAR","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-09-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2751448007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9090933","mag":"2751448007"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs9090933","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9090933","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/9/9/933/pdf?version=1504952079","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/9/9/933/pdf?version=1504952079","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078951574","display_name":"Weiya Kong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8611-5671"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110458","display_name":"Institute of Electronics","ror":"https://ror.org/01z143507","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weiya Kong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China","National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Microwave Imaging, Beijing 100190, China","School of Electronics, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110458","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Microwave Imaging, Beijing 100190, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102818482","display_name":"Jinsong Chong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110458","display_name":"Institute of Electronics","ror":"https://ror.org/01z143507","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210110458"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jinsong Chong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China","National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Microwave Imaging, Beijing 100190, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110458","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Microwave Imaging, Beijing 100190, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016041611","display_name":"Hong Tan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5191-1731"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086028","display_name":"Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization","ror":"https://ror.org/00cn03n83","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210086028"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hong Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Space Utilization, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China","Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Space Utilization, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086028","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086028","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016041611","https://openalex.org/A5102818482"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210086028","https://openalex.org/I4210110458"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":7.077,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":36,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96516814,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"9","first_page":"933","last_page":"933"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11061","display_name":"Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11459","display_name":"Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/altimeter","display_name":"Altimeter","score":0.7435844540596008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.7321243286132812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nadir","display_name":"Nadir","score":0.7108122110366821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.7095394134521484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.6733483672142029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interferometric-synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Interferometric synthetic aperture radar","score":0.5971140265464783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.5844992995262146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interferometry","display_name":"Interferometry","score":0.5072748064994812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ocean-surface-topography","display_name":"Ocean surface topography","score":0.5027577877044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.20537137985229492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.195439875125885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.09213626384735107}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17534553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216197","display_name":"Altimeter","level":2,"score":0.7435844540596008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.7321243286132812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88575799","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145825","display_name":"Nadir","level":3,"score":0.7108122110366821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.7095394134521484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.6733483672142029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22286887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1666056","display_name":"Interferometric synthetic aperture radar","level":3,"score":0.5971140265464783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.5844992995262146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166689943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850283","display_name":"Interferometry","level":2,"score":0.5072748064994812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150320492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7076157","display_name":"Ocean surface topography","level":2,"score":0.5027577877044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.20537137985229492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.195439875125885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.09213626384735107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs9090933","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9090933","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/9/9/933/pdf?version=1504952079","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:97e8cd74480b4411b6b06f724e82f5c8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/97e8cd74480b4411b6b06f724e82f5c8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 9, Iss 9, p 933 (2017)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/9/9/933/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs9090933","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 9; Issue 9; Pages: 933","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs9090933","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9090933","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/9/9/933/pdf?version=1504952079","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8799999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","display_name":"Life below water"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2751448007.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2751448007.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W750503532","https://openalex.org/W843536416","https://openalex.org/W1872472943","https://openalex.org/W1977652485","https://openalex.org/W1988807196","https://openalex.org/W2023777604","https://openalex.org/W2061118291","https://openalex.org/W2076429717","https://openalex.org/W2092097967","https://openalex.org/W2101690226","https://openalex.org/W2124358385","https://openalex.org/W2124451488","https://openalex.org/W2132905098","https://openalex.org/W2139729664","https://openalex.org/W2148080629","https://openalex.org/W2148505991","https://openalex.org/W2158425534","https://openalex.org/W2168746820","https://openalex.org/W2171466305","https://openalex.org/W2588272353","https://openalex.org/W2782113794","https://openalex.org/W4250419801","https://openalex.org/W4251096329","https://openalex.org/W6685097426","https://openalex.org/W6685257292","https://openalex.org/W6754300973"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2008017701","https://openalex.org/W3206958763","https://openalex.org/W4280594713","https://openalex.org/W2159160885","https://openalex.org/W2148958581","https://openalex.org/W1983008855","https://openalex.org/W2142044044","https://openalex.org/W2035685628","https://openalex.org/W2910315605","https://openalex.org/W286256549"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Interferometric":[0],"imaging":[1],"radar":[2,13,46],"altimeter":[3],"(InIRA)":[4],"is":[5,16,25,79,95,118,131,152,191,209],"the":[6,27,59,67,70,74,86,89,102,111,122,150,164,187,197,203,213,220,230,246,264],"first":[7,210],"spaceborne":[8,43],"Ku-band":[9],"interferometric":[10,156],"synthetic":[11,44],"aperture":[12,45],"(InSAR)":[14],"which":[15,32,239],"specially":[17],"designed":[18],"for":[19,110],"ocean":[20,233,241],"surface":[21,242],"topography":[22],"altimetry.":[23],"It":[24,225],"on":[26,35,121,136,145],"Tiangong":[28,71],"II":[29,72],"space":[30],"laboratory,":[31],"was":[33],"launched":[34],"15":[36],"September":[37],"2016.":[38],"Different":[39],"from":[40,85],"any":[41],"other":[42],"(SAR),":[47],"InIRA":[48,78,159],"chooses":[49],"a":[50,106,137,146,168],"near-nadir":[51],"incidence":[52,151],"of":[53,69,77,92,101,125,158,170,202,219,223,232,267],"1\u00b0~8\u00b0":[54],"in":[55,99],"order":[56],"to":[57,105,142,162,193,249],"increase":[58],"altimetric":[60,116,165,189,269],"precision":[61,117,166,190,199,270],"and":[62,140,180,216,244],"swath":[63,266],"width.":[64],"Limited":[65],"by":[66,229],"size":[68],"capsule,":[73],"baseline":[75,113],"length":[76],"only":[80],"2.3":[81],"m.":[82],"However,":[83],"benefitting":[84],"low":[87],"orbit,":[88],"signal-to-noise":[90],"ratio":[91],"InIRA-acquired":[93],"data":[94,157],"above":[96],"10":[97],"dB":[98],"most":[100,201],"swath,":[103],"which,":[104],"certain":[107],"extent,":[108],"compensates":[109],"short":[112],"deficiency.":[114],"The":[115,155,205],"simulated":[119,198],"based":[120],"system":[123,177],"parameters":[124,178],"InIRA.":[126,224],"Results":[127,184],"show":[128,185],"that":[129,186,263],"it":[130],"better":[132],"than":[133,196,255,274],"7":[134],"cm":[135,144],"5-km":[138],"grid":[139,148],"improves":[141],"3":[143],"10-km":[147],"when":[149],"below":[153],"7.4\u00b0.":[154],"are":[160],"processed":[161],"estimate":[163],"after":[167],"series":[169],"procedures":[171],"(including":[172],"image":[173],"coregistration,":[174],"flat-earth-phase":[175],"removal,":[176],"calibration":[179],"phase":[181],"noise":[182],"suppression).":[183],"estimated":[188],"close":[192],"but":[194],"lower":[195],"among":[200],"swath.":[204],"intensity":[206,259],"boundary":[207,260],"phenomenon":[208,261],"found":[211],"between":[212],"near":[214],"range":[215,218],"far":[217],"SAR":[221],"images":[222],"can":[226],"be":[227,272],"explained":[228],"modulation":[231],"internal":[234],"waves":[235],"or":[236,253],"oil":[237],"slick,":[238],"smooths":[240],"roughness":[243],"causes":[245],"modulated":[247],"area":[248],"appear":[250],"either":[251],"brighter":[252],"darker":[254],"its":[256],"surroundings.":[257],"This":[258],"indicates":[262],"available":[265],"high":[268],"will":[271],"narrower":[273],"expected.":[275]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2017-09-15T00:00:00"}