{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2610605913","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9050411","title":"Automatic Sky View Factor Estimation from Street View Photographs\u2014A Big Data Approach","display_name":"Automatic Sky View Factor Estimation from Street View Photographs\u2014A Big Data Approach","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-04-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2610605913","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9050411","mag":"2610605913"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs9050411","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9050411","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/9/5/411/pdf?version=1493532099","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/9/5/411/pdf?version=1493532099","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011531734","display_name":"Jianming Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4043-6816"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128053","display_name":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth","ror":"https://ror.org/02cjszf03","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jianming Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 874501, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA","State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","Zhejiang-CAS Application Center for Geoinformatics, Jiashan 314100, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4043-6816","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 874501, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112","https://openalex.org/I4210128053","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang-CAS Application Center for Geoinformatics, Jiashan 314100, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108012185","display_name":"Jianhua Gong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3875-8792"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128053","display_name":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth","ror":"https://ror.org/02cjszf03","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jianhua Gong","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","Zhejiang-CAS Application Center for Geoinformatics, Jiashan 314100, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112","https://openalex.org/I4210128053","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang-CAS Application Center for Geoinformatics, Jiashan 314100, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100429004","display_name":"Jun Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3545-1392"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128053","display_name":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth","ror":"https://ror.org/02cjszf03","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","Zhejiang-CAS Application Center for Geoinformatics, Jiashan 314100, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112","https://openalex.org/I4210128053","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang-CAS Application Center for Geoinformatics, Jiashan 314100, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102223222","display_name":"Jieping Zhou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128053","display_name":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth","ror":"https://ror.org/02cjszf03","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jieping Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","Zhejiang-CAS Application Center for Geoinformatics, Jiashan 314100, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112","https://openalex.org/I4210128053","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang-CAS Application Center for Geoinformatics, Jiashan 314100, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081004442","display_name":"Wenhang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9854-8851"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128053","display_name":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth","ror":"https://ror.org/02cjszf03","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenhang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","Zhejiang-CAS Application Center for Geoinformatics, Jiashan 314100, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112","https://openalex.org/I4210128053","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang-CAS Application Center for Geoinformatics, Jiashan 314100, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100421544","display_name":"Yi Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5222-3674"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128053","display_name":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth","ror":"https://ror.org/02cjszf03","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","Zhejiang-CAS Application Center for Geoinformatics, Jiashan 314100, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112","https://openalex.org/I4210128053","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang-CAS Application Center for Geoinformatics, Jiashan 314100, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023845665","display_name":"Liu Jin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3808-5957"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121916","display_name":"Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/036m22d48","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121916"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128053","display_name":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth","ror":"https://ror.org/02cjszf03","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4400573293","display_name":"National Marine Data and Information Service","ror":"https://ror.org/0299rre20","country_code":null,"type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4400573293"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jin Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Marine Data and Information Service, Tianjin 300171, China","State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Marine Data and Information Service, Tianjin 300171, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121916","https://openalex.org/I4400573293"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112","https://openalex.org/I4210128053","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101878539","display_name":"Shen Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1756-7719"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128053","display_name":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth","ror":"https://ror.org/02cjszf03","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shen Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1756-7719","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112","https://openalex.org/I4210128053","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011531734","https://openalex.org/A5108012185"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053","https://openalex.org/I4210166112","https://openalex.org/I55732556"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":5.353,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":111,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96348029,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"5","first_page":"411","last_page":"411"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10766","display_name":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10766","display_name":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11963","display_name":"Impact of Light on Environment and Health","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/panorama","display_name":"Panorama","score":0.734900951385498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photogrammetry","display_name":"Photogrammetry","score":0.5469213128089905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.517690896987915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lidar","display_name":"Lidar","score":0.4369314908981323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.390780508518219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.382292777299881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.32771623134613037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.24583888053894043}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780580889","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41363","display_name":"Panorama","level":2,"score":0.734900951385498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117455697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190149","display_name":"Photogrammetry","level":2,"score":0.5469213128089905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.517690896987915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51399673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504027","display_name":"Lidar","level":2,"score":0.4369314908981323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.390780508518219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.382292777299881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.32771623134613037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.24583888053894043}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs9050411","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9050411","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/9/5/411/pdf?version=1493532099","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:147a4923d7e24a12961aed735055d6bf","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/147a4923d7e24a12961aed735055d6bf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 9, Iss 5, p 411 (2017)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/9/5/411/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs9050411","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 9; Issue 5; Pages: 411","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs9050411","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9050411","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/9/5/411/pdf?version=1493532099","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action","score":0.5},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.4399999976158142}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G528202063","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2016-02","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8271613758","display_name":"\u52a8\u6001\u4eba\u7fa4\u6d3b\u52a8\u65f6\u7a7a\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u4e0e\u56fe\u8c31\u5206\u6790\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"41371387","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322643","display_name":"Ministry of Land and Resources of the People's Republic of China","ror":"https://ror.org/02kxqx159"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2610605913.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2610605913.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W631895740","https://openalex.org/W1031015364","https://openalex.org/W1682212122","https://openalex.org/W1903029394","https://openalex.org/W1910657905","https://openalex.org/W1978338723","https://openalex.org/W1993362330","https://openalex.org/W1994256724","https://openalex.org/W1996075252","https://openalex.org/W2011529060","https://openalex.org/W2014699169","https://openalex.org/W2019822358","https://openalex.org/W2023440726","https://openalex.org/W2027808287","https://openalex.org/W2030266500","https://openalex.org/W2036059067","https://openalex.org/W2045416988","https://openalex.org/W2045763293","https://openalex.org/W2050263501","https://openalex.org/W2056734426","https://openalex.org/W2062998698","https://openalex.org/W2068554697","https://openalex.org/W2072750586","https://openalex.org/W2087348902","https://openalex.org/W2092555160","https://openalex.org/W2120323262","https://openalex.org/W2127877321","https://openalex.org/W2160306971","https://openalex.org/W2160561537","https://openalex.org/W2163308097","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2266708972","https://openalex.org/W2474445233","https://openalex.org/W2522940576","https://openalex.org/W2538783189","https://openalex.org/W2545168740","https://openalex.org/W2562921783","https://openalex.org/W2574134800","https://openalex.org/W2885443715","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W3125269015","https://openalex.org/W4255081682","https://openalex.org/W6602586656","https://openalex.org/W6693386418","https://openalex.org/W6837300322"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2393825039","https://openalex.org/W2951694738","https://openalex.org/W3036977332","https://openalex.org/W2352220358","https://openalex.org/W2601489641","https://openalex.org/W2351984678","https://openalex.org/W2140032575","https://openalex.org/W2011860471","https://openalex.org/W2012196540","https://openalex.org/W3011451421"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Hemispherical":[0],"(fisheye)":[1],"photography":[2],"is":[3,205,229],"a":[4,29,61,103,111,136,153,206],"well-established":[5],"approach":[6,99,217,233],"for":[7,113,246],"estimating":[8],"the":[9,164,167,181,191,212,215,239],"sky":[10],"view":[11,46,123],"factor":[12],"(SVF).":[13],"High-resolution":[14],"urban":[15,31,53,220,223,240,243],"models":[16],"from":[17,102,118,132],"LiDAR":[18],"and":[19,40,68,76,88,109,142,158,222,242],"oblique":[20,144],"airborne":[21,145],"photogrammetry":[22],"can":[23,234],"provide":[24,171],"continuous":[25],"SVF":[26,117,129,173,195],"estimates":[27,130],"over":[28,196],"large":[30],"area,":[32],"but":[33],"such":[34],"data":[35,105],"are":[36,41],"not":[37],"always":[38],"available":[39,51],"difficult":[42],"to":[43,170,189,218,238],"acquire.":[44],"Street":[45,57,73,78],"panoramas":[47,65,188],"have":[48,89],"become":[49],"widely":[50],"in":[52,152,199],"areas":[54],"worldwide:":[55],"Google":[56],"View":[58,74,79],"(GSV)":[59],"maintains":[60],"global":[62],"network":[63],"of":[64,92,116,121,156,166,180,194,214],"excluding":[66],"China":[67],"several":[69],"other":[70],"countries;":[71],"Baidu":[72],"(BSV)":[75],"Tencent":[77],"(TSV)":[80],"focus":[81],"their":[82],"panorama":[83],"acquisition":[84],"efforts":[85],"within":[86],"China,":[87],"covered":[90],"hundreds":[91],"cities":[93],"therein.":[94],"In":[95],"this":[96,100,204,232],"paper,":[97],"we":[98,176],"issue":[101],"big":[104],"perspective":[106],"by":[107],"presenting":[108],"validating":[110],"method":[112,169,183],"automatic":[114],"estimation":[115],"massive":[119],"amounts":[120],"street":[122],"photographs.":[124],"Comparisons":[125],"were":[126],"made":[127],"with":[128,184],"derived":[131],"two":[133],"independent":[134],"sources:":[135],"LiDAR-based":[137],"Digital":[138],"Surface":[139],"Model":[140],"(DSM)":[141],"an":[143,178],"photogrammetry-based":[146],"3D":[147],"city":[148],"model":[149],"(OAP3D),":[150],"resulting":[151],"correlation":[154],"coefficient":[155],"0.863":[157],"0.987,":[159],"respectively.":[160],"The":[161],"comparisons":[162],"demonstrated":[163],"capacity":[165],"proposed":[168,182,216],"reliable":[172],"estimates.":[174],"Additionally,":[175],"present":[177],"application":[179],"about":[185],"12,000":[186],"GSV":[187],"characterize":[190],"spatial":[192],"distribution":[193],"Manhattan":[197],"Island":[198],"New":[200],"York":[201],"City.":[202],"Although":[203],"proof-of-concept":[207],"study,":[208],"it":[209],"has":[210],"shown":[211],"potential":[213],"assist":[219],"climate":[221,241],"planning":[224,244],"research.":[225],"However,":[226],"further":[227],"development":[228],"needed":[230],"before":[231],"be":[235],"finally":[236],"delivered":[237],"communities":[245],"practical":[247],"applications.":[248]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":12}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2017-05-12T00:00:00"}