{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2606882776","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9040362","title":"Spaceborne GNSS-R from the SMAP Mission: First Assessment of Polarimetric Scatterometry over Land and Cryosphere","display_name":"Spaceborne GNSS-R from the SMAP Mission: First Assessment of Polarimetric Scatterometry over Land and Cryosphere","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-04-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2606882776","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9040362","mag":"2606882776"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs9040362","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9040362","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9040362","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040270148","display_name":"Hugo Carre\u00f1o-Luengo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7775-7314"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334627681","display_name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/027k65916","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I1334627681","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hugo Carreno-Luengo","raw_affiliation_strings":["NASA\u2019s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA","NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA\u2019s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058658339","display_name":"S. Lowe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1109-4797"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334627681","display_name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/027k65916","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I1334627681","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen Lowe","raw_affiliation_strings":["NASA\u2019s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA","NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA\u2019s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031991789","display_name":"Cinzia Zuffada","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3096-122X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334627681","display_name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/027k65916","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I1334627681","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cinzia Zuffada","raw_affiliation_strings":["NASA\u2019s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA","NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA\u2019s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078590372","display_name":"Stephan Esterhuizen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334627681","display_name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/027k65916","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I1334627681","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephan Esterhuizen","raw_affiliation_strings":["NASA\u2019s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA","NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA\u2019s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037535121","display_name":"Shadi Oveisgharan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334627681","display_name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/027k65916","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I1334627681","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shadi Oveisgharan","raw_affiliation_strings":["NASA\u2019s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA","NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA\u2019s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5040270148"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":6.3021,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":102,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97259327,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"4","first_page":"362","last_page":"362"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10770","display_name":"Soil Geostatistics and Mapping","score":0.9850999712944031,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.7435122728347778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.667412519454956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-content","display_name":"Water content","score":0.5443711280822754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scatterometer","display_name":"Scatterometer","score":0.5372697114944458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss-applications","display_name":"GNSS applications","score":0.5228543877601624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polarimetry","display_name":"Polarimetry","score":0.47134917974472046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.46764302253723145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-cover","display_name":"Land cover","score":0.45849692821502686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.4427976906299591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.32561689615249634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.23568424582481384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scattering","display_name":"Scattering","score":0.14749878644943237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-use","display_name":"Land use","score":0.10776874423027039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.09739324450492859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.08257332444190979}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.7435122728347778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.667412519454956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24939127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373499","display_name":"Water content","level":2,"score":0.5443711280822754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776212561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905295","display_name":"Scatterometer","level":3,"score":0.5372697114944458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.5228543877601624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28493345","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899381","display_name":"Polarimetry","level":3,"score":0.47134917974472046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.46764302253723145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780648208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3001793","display_name":"Land cover","level":3,"score":0.45849692821502686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.4427976906299591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.32561689615249634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.23568424582481384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191486275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210028","display_name":"Scattering","level":2,"score":0.14749878644943237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4792198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165944","display_name":"Land use","level":2,"score":0.10776874423027039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.09739324450492859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.08257332444190979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs9040362","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9040362","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/9/4/362/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs9040362","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs9040362","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9040362","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life in Land","score":0.6000000238418579,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309398","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W157946031","https://openalex.org/W1540819482","https://openalex.org/W1542214391","https://openalex.org/W1641514922","https://openalex.org/W1815083983","https://openalex.org/W1840723247","https://openalex.org/W1964610703","https://openalex.org/W1977531189","https://openalex.org/W2037280841","https://openalex.org/W2038622246","https://openalex.org/W2038949129","https://openalex.org/W2052721185","https://openalex.org/W2076222765","https://openalex.org/W2099911075","https://openalex.org/W2101322596","https://openalex.org/W2103598124","https://openalex.org/W2109362828","https://openalex.org/W2111730379","https://openalex.org/W2125513050","https://openalex.org/W2126876401","https://openalex.org/W2136196185","https://openalex.org/W2141098993","https://openalex.org/W2144015547","https://openalex.org/W2154303381","https://openalex.org/W2166105691","https://openalex.org/W2176285294","https://openalex.org/W2232192374","https://openalex.org/W2283154246","https://openalex.org/W2296018493","https://openalex.org/W2300415346","https://openalex.org/W2308425384","https://openalex.org/W2340574333","https://openalex.org/W2400960503","https://openalex.org/W2413444529","https://openalex.org/W2460447094","https://openalex.org/W2460583900","https://openalex.org/W2473812121","https://openalex.org/W2486430858","https://openalex.org/W2546983131","https://openalex.org/W2548387490","https://openalex.org/W2548425189","https://openalex.org/W2548467969","https://openalex.org/W6632576984","https://openalex.org/W6638808727","https://openalex.org/W6689550178","https://openalex.org/W6695567541","https://openalex.org/W7061811784"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1589762804","https://openalex.org/W3000499464","https://openalex.org/W3110195467","https://openalex.org/W4386936491","https://openalex.org/W2585691118","https://openalex.org/W2097761609","https://openalex.org/W3033823235","https://openalex.org/W2546488237","https://openalex.org/W1885452192","https://openalex.org/W2165125445"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"work":[1],"describes":[2],"the":[3,19,41,60,72,76,81,84,95,98,147,151,172],"first":[4],"global":[5],"scale":[6],"assessment":[7],"of":[8,59,83,97,150],"a":[9,56],"Global":[10],"Navigation":[11],"Satellite":[12],"Systems":[13],"Reflectometry":[14],"(GNSS-R)":[15],"experiment":[16],"performed":[17],"on-board":[18],"Soil":[20],"Moisture":[21],"Active":[22],"Passive":[23],"(SMAP)":[24],"mission":[25],"for":[26],"soil":[27,123,137],"moisture":[28,124,138],"and":[29,46,51,80,87,101,109,125,170],"biomass":[30,126],"determination.":[31,127],"Scattered":[32],"GPS":[33,61],"L2":[34],"signals":[35],"(1227.6":[36],"MHz)":[37],"were":[38],"collected":[39],"by":[40],"SMAP\u2019s":[42],"dual-polarization":[43],"(Horizontal":[44],"H":[45],"Vertical":[47],"V)":[48],"radar":[49],"receiver":[50],"then":[52],"processed":[53],"on-ground":[54],"using":[55,71],"known":[57],"replica":[58],"L2C":[62],"code.":[63],"The":[64],"scattering":[65],"properties":[66],"over":[67,107,140],"land":[68,142],"are":[69,114,153],"evaluated":[70],"Signal-to-Noise":[73],"Ratio":[74,78],"(SNR),":[75],"Polarimetric":[77],"(PR),":[79],"width":[82],"waveforms\u2019":[85],"trailing":[86],"leading":[88],"edges.":[89],"These":[90,112],"parameters":[91],"show":[92],"sensitivity":[93,135],"to":[94,116,136],"effects":[96,113],"Earth\u2019s":[99],"topography":[100],"Above":[102],"Ground":[103],"Biomass":[104],"(ABG)":[105],"even":[106],"Amazonian":[108],"Boreal":[110],"forests.":[111],"shown":[115],"be":[117],"an":[118],"important":[119],"factor":[120],"in":[121],"precise":[122],"Additionally,":[128],"it":[129],"is":[130],"found":[131,154],"that":[132],"PR":[133,152],"shows":[134],"content":[139],"different":[141],"cover":[143],"types.":[144],"In":[145],"particular,":[146],"following":[148],"values":[149],"over:":[155],"(a)":[156],"tropical":[157],"forests":[158,163],"~\u22121.2":[159],"dB;":[160,165,169],"(b)":[161],"boreal":[162],"~0.8":[164],"(c)":[166],"Greenland":[167],"~2.8":[168],"(d)":[171],"Sahara":[173],"Desert":[174],"~3.2":[175],"dB.":[176]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T14:29:43.386196","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}