{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2535693530","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8100863","title":"A Method for Exploring the Link between Urban Area Expansion over Time and the Opportunity for Crime in Saudi Arabia","display_name":"A Method for Exploring the Link between Urban Area Expansion over Time and the Opportunity for Crime in Saudi Arabia","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-10-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2535693530","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8100863","mag":"2535693530"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs8100863","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8100863","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/8/10/863/pdf?version=1476873160","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/8/10/863/pdf?version=1476873160","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038358981","display_name":"Mofza Algahtany","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2502-751X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127754","display_name":"Ministry of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/030atj633","country_code":"SA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127754"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90745801","display_name":"University of New England","ror":"https://ror.org/04r659a56","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90745801"]}],"countries":["AU","SA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mofza Algahtany","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ministry of Justice, Riyadh 11472, Saudi Arabia","School of Environment and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale NSW 2351, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Justice, Riyadh 11472, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127754"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Environment and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale NSW 2351, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90745801"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027499246","display_name":"Lalit Kumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9205-756X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90745801","display_name":"University of New England","ror":"https://ror.org/04r659a56","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90745801"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lalit Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Environment and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale NSW 2351, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Environment and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale NSW 2351, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90745801"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038358981"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127754","https://openalex.org/I90745801"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":2.0811,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91349116,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"10","first_page":"863","last_page":"863"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10574","display_name":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10574","display_name":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11645","display_name":"Urban, Neighborhood, and Segregation Studies","score":0.986299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11838","display_name":"Crime, Illicit Activities, and Governance","score":0.9334999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/link","display_name":"Link (geometry)","score":0.5861351490020752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.36614543199539185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.05361753702163696}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778753846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6554239","display_name":"Link (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.5861351490020752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.36614543199539185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.05361753702163696}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs8100863","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8100863","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/8/10/863/pdf?version=1476873160","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1293e63d2f8b4f8498a86c26da7180cc","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1293e63d2f8b4f8498a86c26da7180cc","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 8, Iss 10, p 863 (2016)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/8/10/863/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs8100863","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 8; Issue 10; Pages: 863","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:rune.une.edu.au:1959.11/19780","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1959.11/19780","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055448","display_name":"RUNE (Research UNE)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs8100863","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8100863","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/8/10/863/pdf?version=1476873160","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.800000011920929}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2535693530.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2535693530.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W79494015","https://openalex.org/W84561140","https://openalex.org/W152816663","https://openalex.org/W166741661","https://openalex.org/W610684053","https://openalex.org/W1137712586","https://openalex.org/W1490418812","https://openalex.org/W1717500745","https://openalex.org/W1726400566","https://openalex.org/W1870700374","https://openalex.org/W1963949604","https://openalex.org/W1967057357","https://openalex.org/W1985289266","https://openalex.org/W1987711694","https://openalex.org/W2010000614","https://openalex.org/W2010045820","https://openalex.org/W2010655524","https://openalex.org/W2014807418","https://openalex.org/W2020763685","https://openalex.org/W2020856833","https://openalex.org/W2024998842","https://openalex.org/W2049988397","https://openalex.org/W2051737425","https://openalex.org/W2056871960","https://openalex.org/W2066489626","https://openalex.org/W2067524849","https://openalex.org/W2088047416","https://openalex.org/W2093433705","https://openalex.org/W2104154919","https://openalex.org/W2105536892","https://openalex.org/W2138973222","https://openalex.org/W2146096861","https://openalex.org/W2157183464","https://openalex.org/W2167256300","https://openalex.org/W2268511291","https://openalex.org/W2308419890","https://openalex.org/W2336825434","https://openalex.org/W2342469413","https://openalex.org/W2401134676","https://openalex.org/W2495250808","https://openalex.org/W2520460154","https://openalex.org/W2564144281","https://openalex.org/W2890167809","https://openalex.org/W4234782763","https://openalex.org/W4237004802","https://openalex.org/W4238646200","https://openalex.org/W4249855545","https://openalex.org/W4250047316","https://openalex.org/W4251940105","https://openalex.org/W4254292466","https://openalex.org/W6641837903","https://openalex.org/W6681612148","https://openalex.org/W6693588771","https://openalex.org/W6698100954","https://openalex.org/W6704660366"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W1518185400","https://openalex.org/W3200586296","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4230332972","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W1998033311","https://openalex.org/W4247322236","https://openalex.org/W4396701345"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Urban":[0,26],"area":[1,85],"expansion":[2,86,109,142],"is":[3,89,136],"one":[4,154],"of":[5,10,36,61,72,124,200,223,237],"the":[6,33,69,81,116,122,149,168,197,201,207,210],"most":[7,14],"critical":[8],"types":[9,60],"worldwide":[11],"change,":[12],"and":[13,23,49,64,77,87,94,114,121,143,161,215],"urban":[15,65,84,95,108,141,177],"areas":[16],"are":[17,51,163,170,187],"experiencing":[18],"increased":[19],"growth":[20],"in":[21,32,190],"population":[22,159],"infrastructure":[24],"development.":[25],"change":[27],"leads":[28],"to":[29,106,226,230,234],"many":[30],"changes":[31],"daily":[34],"activities":[35,126],"people":[37],"living":[38],"within":[39,127],"an":[40],"affected":[41],"area.":[42],"Many":[43,179],"studies":[44],"have":[45,102],"suggested":[46],"that":[47,134,158,182],"urbanization":[48],"crime":[50,88,150,162,185],"related.":[52,165],"However,":[53,218],"they":[54],"focused":[55],"particularly":[56],"on":[57,196],"land":[58,62],"uses,":[59],"use,":[63],"forms,":[66],"such":[67,193],"as":[68,153,194],"physical":[70],"features":[71],"neighbourhoods,":[73],"roads,":[74],"shopping":[75],"centres,":[76],"bus":[78],"stations.":[79],"Understanding":[80],"correlation":[82],"between":[83,118,140],"very":[90],"important":[91],"for":[92],"criminologists":[93],"planning":[96],"decision-makers.":[97],"In":[98],"this":[99,191,219],"study,":[100],"we":[101],"used":[103],"satellite":[104],"images":[105],"measure":[107],"over":[110],"a":[111,137],"10-year":[112],"period":[113],"tested":[115],"correlations":[117,169],"these":[119,128],"expansions":[120],"number":[123],"criminal":[125,144],"specific":[129],"areas.":[130],"The":[131],"results":[132],"show":[133],"there":[135,173],"measurable":[138],"relationship":[139],"activities.":[145],"Our":[146],"findings":[147],"support":[148],"opportunity":[151],"theory":[152],"possibility,":[155],"which":[156],"suggests":[157],"density":[160],"conceptually":[164],"We":[166],"found":[167],"stronger":[171],"where":[172],"has":[174],"been":[175],"greater":[176],"growth.":[178],"other":[180],"factors":[181],"may":[183],"affect":[184],"rate":[186],"not":[188],"included":[189],"paper,":[192],"information":[195],"spatial":[198],"details":[199],"population,":[202],"city":[203,211],"planning,":[204],"economic":[205],"considerations,":[206],"distance":[208],"from":[209],"centre,":[212],"neighbourhood":[213],"quality,":[214],"police":[216],"numbers.":[217],"study":[220,235],"will":[221],"be":[222],"particular":[224],"interest":[225],"those":[227],"who":[228],"aim":[229],"use":[231],"remote":[232],"sensing":[233],"patterns":[236],"crime.":[238]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2016-10-28T00:00:00"}
