{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2397435796","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8050432","title":"Monitoring Cultural Heritage Sites with Advanced Multi-Temporal InSAR Technique: The Case Study of the Summer Palace","display_name":"Monitoring Cultural Heritage Sites with Advanced Multi-Temporal InSAR Technique: The Case Study of the Summer Palace","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-05-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2397435796","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8050432","mag":"2397435796"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs8050432","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8050432","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/8/5/432/pdf?version=1463832078","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/8/5/432/pdf?version=1463832078","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074647574","display_name":"Panpan Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7464-1968"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210109645","display_name":"International Centre on Space Technologies for Natural and Cultural Heritage","ror":"https://ror.org/01mdxbf79","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210109645"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128053","display_name":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth","ror":"https://ror.org/02cjszf03","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Panpan Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Centre on Space Technologies for Natural and Cultural Heritage under the Auspices of UNESCO, No. 9 Dengzhuang South Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100094, China","Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 9 Dengzhuang South Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100094, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Centre on Space Technologies for Natural and Cultural Heritage under the Auspices of UNESCO, No. 9 Dengzhuang South Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109645"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 9 Dengzhuang South Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002640702","display_name":"Fulong Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1144-0004"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210109645","display_name":"International Centre on Space Technologies for Natural and Cultural Heritage","ror":"https://ror.org/01mdxbf79","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210109645"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128053","display_name":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth","ror":"https://ror.org/02cjszf03","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fulong Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Centre on Space Technologies for Natural and Cultural Heritage under the Auspices of UNESCO, No. 9 Dengzhuang South Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100094, China","Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 9 Dengzhuang South Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100094, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Centre on Space Technologies for Natural and Cultural Heritage under the Auspices of UNESCO, No. 9 Dengzhuang South Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109645"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 9 Dengzhuang South Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102312544","display_name":"Xiaokun Zhu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114963","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping","ror":"https://ror.org/02j693n47","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114963"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaokun Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Institute of Surveying and Mapping, No.15 Yangfangdian Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100038, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Surveying and Mapping, No.15 Yangfangdian Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100038, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114963"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065895367","display_name":"Wei Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0947-3843"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210109645","display_name":"International Centre on Space Technologies for Natural and Cultural Heritage","ror":"https://ror.org/01mdxbf79","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210109645"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128053","display_name":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth","ror":"https://ror.org/02cjszf03","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Centre on Space Technologies for Natural and Cultural Heritage under the Auspices of UNESCO, No. 9 Dengzhuang South Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100094, China","Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 9 Dengzhuang South Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100094, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Centre on Space Technologies for Natural and Cultural Heritage under the Auspices of UNESCO, No. 9 Dengzhuang South Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109645"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 9 Dengzhuang South Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002640702"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109645","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":121.366,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":57,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99862028,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"5","first_page":"432","last_page":"432"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9593999981880188,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","score":0.6387642025947571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cultural-heritage","display_name":"Cultural heritage","score":0.6154363751411438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interferometric-synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Interferometric synthetic aperture radar","score":0.5222790241241455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deformation-monitoring","display_name":"Deformation monitoring","score":0.5066169500350952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/civilization","display_name":"Civilization","score":0.49985504150390625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.4976532757282257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-heritage","display_name":"World heritage","score":0.47382888197898865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subsidence","display_name":"Subsidence","score":0.472659707069397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beijing","display_name":"Beijing","score":0.45622923970222473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.38181906938552856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.36291807889938354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.33339595794677734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.3300263285636902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/archaeology","display_name":"Archaeology","score":0.24315807223320007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deformation","display_name":"Deformation (meteorology)","score":0.19440874457359314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.15384364128112793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-basin","display_name":"Structural basin","score":0.14166772365570068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geomorphology","display_name":"Geomorphology","score":0.12164387106895447}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6387642025947571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60671577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210272","display_name":"Cultural heritage","level":2,"score":0.6154363751411438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22286887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1666056","display_name":"Interferometric synthetic aperture radar","level":3,"score":0.5222790241241455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136428324","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q838414","display_name":"Deformation monitoring","level":3,"score":0.5066169500350952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122302079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8432","display_name":"Civilization","level":2,"score":0.49985504150390625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4976532757282257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993601171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9259","display_name":"World heritage","level":3,"score":0.47382888197898865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180851071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q849953","display_name":"Subsidence","level":3,"score":0.472659707069397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778304055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q657474","display_name":"Beijing","level":3,"score":0.45622923970222473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.38181906938552856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.36291807889938354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.33339595794677734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3300263285636902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.24315807223320007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204366326","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3027650","display_name":"Deformation (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.19440874457359314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.15384364128112793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109007969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749565","display_name":"Structural basin","level":2,"score":0.14166772365570068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114793014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52109","display_name":"Geomorphology","level":1,"score":0.12164387106895447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18918823","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49389","display_name":"Tourism","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs8050432","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8050432","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/8/5/432/pdf?version=1463832078","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:7640c6efd506458d9ff2a8c1fd0642e9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/7640c6efd506458d9ff2a8c1fd0642e9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 8, Iss 5, p 432 (2016)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/8/5/432/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs8050432","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 8; Issue 5; Pages: 432","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs8050432","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8050432","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/8/5/432/pdf?version=1463832078","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.8600000143051147}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2397435796.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2397435796.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1983777277","https://openalex.org/W1993102983","https://openalex.org/W2000359198","https://openalex.org/W2011707497","https://openalex.org/W2019401507","https://openalex.org/W2030607284","https://openalex.org/W2045144401","https://openalex.org/W2047029664","https://openalex.org/W2077282160","https://openalex.org/W2080384632","https://openalex.org/W2095401197","https://openalex.org/W2101953912","https://openalex.org/W2117009774","https://openalex.org/W2123632763","https://openalex.org/W2125856335","https://openalex.org/W2130321832","https://openalex.org/W2134943548","https://openalex.org/W2152657318","https://openalex.org/W2161661683","https://openalex.org/W3017522360"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3206958763","https://openalex.org/W2159160885","https://openalex.org/W2148958581","https://openalex.org/W2127359929","https://openalex.org/W2099318526","https://openalex.org/W2354641586","https://openalex.org/W2113346282","https://openalex.org/W2374921833","https://openalex.org/W2130313420","https://openalex.org/W2276467122"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cultural":[0],"heritage":[1,43,193],"sites":[2],"are":[3,15],"rare":[4],"and":[5,24,38,65,107,117,130,146,158,189],"irreplaceable":[6],"wealth":[7],"of":[8,13,22,35,42,78,115,120,128,142,164,175,182,191],"human":[9,23],"civilization.":[10],"The":[11],"majority":[12],"them":[14],"becoming":[16],"unstable":[17],"due":[18,138],"to":[19,124,139,162],"a":[20,140],"combination":[21,141],"natural":[25,148],"disturbances.":[26],"High-precision,":[27],"efficient":[28],"deformation":[29,87],"monitoring":[30,188],"facilitates":[31],"the":[32,74,84,94,113,121,155,165,180,183,187],"early":[33],"recognition":[34],"potential":[36,181],"risks":[37],"enables":[39],"preventive":[40],"diagnosis":[41],"sites.":[44,194],"In":[45],"this":[46],"study,":[47],"an":[48],"advanced":[49],"Multi-Temporal":[50],"Interferometric":[51],"Synthetic":[52],"Aperture":[53],"Radar":[54],"(MTInSAR)":[55],"approach":[56,185],"was":[57,96,151,159],"developed":[58],"by":[59],"jointly":[60],"analyzing":[61],"Persistent":[62],"Scatterers":[63,67],"(PSs)":[64],"Distributed":[66],"(DSs)":[68],"using":[69],"high-resolution":[70],"SAR":[71],"images.":[72],"Taking":[73],"World":[75],"Heritage":[76],"Site":[77],"Summer":[79],"Palace":[80],"in":[81,112],"Beijing":[82],"as":[83,171,173],"experimental":[85],"site,":[86],"resulting":[88],"from":[89],"PSs/DSs":[90],"showed":[91],"that":[92],"overall":[93],"site":[95],"generally":[97],"stable":[98],"except":[99],"for":[100,186],"specific":[101],"areas":[102],"and/or":[103],"monuments.":[104],"Urbanization":[105],"(construction":[106],"demolition)":[108],"triggered":[109],"new":[110],"subsidence":[111],"vicinity":[114],"East":[116],"South":[118],"Gate":[119],"site.":[122],"Slight":[123],"moderate":[125],"(mm/cm-level)":[126],"instabilities":[127],"ruins":[129],"monuments":[131],"on":[132],"Longevity":[133],"Hill":[134],"were":[135],"detected,":[136],"perhaps":[137],"destructive":[143],"anthropogenic":[144],"activities":[145],"long-term":[147],"decay.":[149],"Subsidence":[150],"also":[152],"detected":[153],"along":[154],"Kunming":[156],"Lakeside":[157],"probably":[160],"attributable":[161],"variation":[163],"groundwater":[166],"level,":[167],"excessive":[168],"visitor":[169],"numbers":[170],"well":[172],"lack":[174],"maintenance.":[176],"This":[177],"study":[178],"presents":[179],"MTInSAR":[184],"conservation":[190],"cultural":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-15T08:11:43.952461","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
