{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2121142329","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs70506257","title":"Remote Sensing Based Spatial Statistics to Document Tropical Rainforest Transition Pathways","display_name":"Remote Sensing Based Spatial Statistics to Document Tropical Rainforest Transition Pathways","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-05-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2121142329","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs70506257","mag":"2121142329"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs70506257","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs70506257","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/7/5/6257/pdf?version=1432198904","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/7/5/6257/pdf?version=1432198904","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108444452","display_name":"Abduwasit Ghulam","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47838141","display_name":"Saint Louis University","ror":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47838141"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Abduwasit Ghulam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Sustainability, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Sustainability, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47838141"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085401077","display_name":"Oghlan Ghulam","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oghlan Ghulam","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Chongqing University, 174 Shazhengjie, Shapingba, Chongqing 400044, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Chongqing University, 174 Shazhengjie, Shapingba, Chongqing 400044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062377487","display_name":"Maitiniyazi Maimaitijiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6153-1583"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166427055","display_name":"Xinjiang Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qjh2h11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166427055"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47838141","display_name":"Saint Louis University","ror":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47838141"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maitiniyazi Maimaitijiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Sustainability, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA","College of Management, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Sustainability, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47838141"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Management, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166427055"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025396366","display_name":"Karen Freeman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4978-8236"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1280576195","display_name":"Fauna and Flora International","ror":"https://ror.org/0325pd582","country_code":"GB","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1280576195"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karen Freeman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Madagascar Fauna and Flora Group, Kalinka, Lochearnhead FK19 8NZ, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Madagascar Fauna and Flora Group, Kalinka, Lochearnhead FK19 8NZ, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1280576195"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034643962","display_name":"Ingrid Porton","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ingrid Porton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Madagascar Fauna and Flora Group, 4065 Flora Place, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Madagascar Fauna and Flora Group, 4065 Flora Place, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001527660","display_name":"Matthew Maimaitiyiming","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4241-6181"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47838141","display_name":"Saint Louis University","ror":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47838141"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew Maimaitiyiming","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Sustainability, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4241-6181","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Sustainability, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47838141"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5108444452"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47838141"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.9381,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":38,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78475026,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"5","first_page":"6257","last_page":"6279"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10766","display_name":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","score":0.9850999712944031,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rainforest","display_name":"Rainforest","score":0.7072787284851074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tropical-rainforest","display_name":"Tropical rainforest","score":0.6302294135093689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.5540432929992676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.4338573217391968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.430203914642334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-resource-management","display_name":"Environmental resource management","score":0.38151973485946655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.37230151891708374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.09947454929351807}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2619416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9444","display_name":"Rainforest","level":2,"score":0.7072787284851074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555313981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199403","display_name":"Tropical rainforest","level":3,"score":0.6302294135093689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5540432929992676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4338573217391968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.430203914642334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107826830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380","display_name":"Environmental resource management","level":1,"score":0.38151973485946655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.37230151891708374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.09947454929351807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs70506257","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs70506257","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/7/5/6257/pdf?version=1432198904","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1031821f9d7846b8a3ca48433c183c7f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1031821f9d7846b8a3ca48433c183c7f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 7, Iss 5, Pp 6257-6279 (2015)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/7/5/6257/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs70506257","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 7; Issue 5; Pages: 6257-6279","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs70506257","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs70506257","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/7/5/6257/pdf?version=1432198904","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life in Land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.7599999904632568}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309540","display_name":"Margot Marsh Biodiversity Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/024weye46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325645","display_name":"European Association of Zoos and Aquaria","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2121142329.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2121142329.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1482289351","https://openalex.org/W1515961196","https://openalex.org/W1969450091","https://openalex.org/W1971852383","https://openalex.org/W1974329551","https://openalex.org/W1975736836","https://openalex.org/W1979629139","https://openalex.org/W1988092524","https://openalex.org/W1999951721","https://openalex.org/W2009229401","https://openalex.org/W2019448968","https://openalex.org/W2030453949","https://openalex.org/W2039237794","https://openalex.org/W2040764952","https://openalex.org/W2044718416","https://openalex.org/W2045859451","https://openalex.org/W2049428557","https://openalex.org/W2052611179","https://openalex.org/W2059949709","https://openalex.org/W2098000995","https://openalex.org/W2099603952","https://openalex.org/W2105857021","https://openalex.org/W2130032855","https://openalex.org/W2140316925","https://openalex.org/W2145403591","https://openalex.org/W2148440298","https://openalex.org/W2151382623","https://openalex.org/W2160271653","https://openalex.org/W2162348455","https://openalex.org/W2162416391","https://openalex.org/W2168135427","https://openalex.org/W2292873117","https://openalex.org/W2346456240","https://openalex.org/W2363919107","https://openalex.org/W4245539475","https://openalex.org/W6642442404","https://openalex.org/W6660194599","https://openalex.org/W6704752133"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2354881517","https://openalex.org/W2352688783","https://openalex.org/W3000040994","https://openalex.org/W2460743178","https://openalex.org/W4246297292","https://openalex.org/W3159527437","https://openalex.org/W2320915987","https://openalex.org/W2355223678","https://openalex.org/W2961988252","https://openalex.org/W3212389921"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"grid":[3,105],"cell":[4],"based":[5],"spatial":[6,149],"statistics":[7],"were":[8,54,79,94,113,136,152],"used":[9,80,137],"to":[10,81,89,101,138,182],"quantify":[11],"the":[12,108,131,157,163,172,183,191,199,205],"drivers":[13,158],"of":[14,33,48,159,166,177,185],"land-cover":[15,35,83],"and":[16,20,36,46,58,72,84,91,99,121,124,161,170,174,187],"land-use":[17,37,85],"change":[18],"(LCLUC)":[19],"habitat":[21,167],"degradation":[22,168],"in":[23,27,169],"a":[24,30,125],"tropical":[25],"rainforest":[26],"Madagascar.":[28],"First,":[29],"spectral":[31],"database":[32],"various":[34],"information":[38],"was":[39,196],"compiled":[40],"using":[41,61,115],"multi-year":[42],"field":[43],"campaign":[44],"data":[45,78,135],"photointerpretation":[47],"satellite":[49],"images.":[50],"Next,":[51],"residential":[52],"areas":[53],"extracted":[55],"from":[56,87,130,204],"IKONOS-2":[57],"GeoEye-1":[59],"images":[60],"object":[62],"oriented":[63],"feature":[64],"extraction":[65],"(OBIA).":[66],"Then,":[67],"Landsat":[68,134,206],"Thematic":[69,74],"Mapper":[70,75],"(TM)":[71],"Enhanced":[73],"Plus":[76],"(ETM+)":[77],"generate":[82],"maps":[86,93],"1990":[88],"2011,":[90],"LCLUC":[92,112,141],"developed":[95],"with":[96],"decadal":[97],"intervals":[98],"converted":[100],"100":[102],"m":[103],"vector":[104],"cells.":[106],"Finally,":[107],"causal":[109],"associations":[110],"between":[111],"quantified":[114],"ordinary":[116],"least":[117],"square":[118],"regression":[119],"analysis":[120],"Moran\u2019s":[122],"I,":[123],"forest":[126,189,200],"disturbance":[127,201],"index":[128,202],"derived":[129,203],"time":[132],"series":[133],"further":[139],"confirm":[140],"drivers.":[142],"The":[143],"results":[144],"showed":[145],"that":[146],"(1)":[147],"local":[148],"statistical":[150],"approaches":[151],"most":[153],"effective":[154],"at":[155],"quantifying":[156],"LCLUC,":[160],"(2)":[162],"combined":[164],"threats":[165],"around":[171],"reserve":[173],"increasing":[175],"encroachment":[176],"invasive":[178],"plant":[179],"species":[180],"lead":[181],"expansion":[184],"shrubland":[186],"mixed":[188],"within":[190],"former":[192],"primary":[193],"forest,":[194],"which":[195],"echoed":[197],"by":[198],"data.":[207]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
