{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2039907725","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs6109712","title":"GPR Laboratory Tests For Railways Materials Dielectric Properties Assessment","display_name":"GPR Laboratory Tests For Railways Materials Dielectric Properties Assessment","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-10-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2039907725","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs6109712","mag":"2039907725"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs6109712","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs6109712","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/6/10/9712/pdf?version=1413962615","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/6/10/9712/pdf?version=1413962615","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112538434","display_name":"Francesca De Chiara","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I861853513","display_name":"Sapienza University of Rome","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Francesca De Chiara","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sapienza University of Rome, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sapienza University of Rome, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071632188","display_name":"Simona Fontul","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0266-4305"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66947310","display_name":"National Laboratory for Civil Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/03bvw9g02","country_code":"PT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66947310"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simona Fontul","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Laboratory for Civil Engineering (LNEC), Avenida do Brasil, 101, 1700-066 Lisbon, Portugal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Laboratory for Civil Engineering (LNEC), Avenida do Brasil, 101, 1700-066 Lisbon, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66947310"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091016206","display_name":"Eduardo Fortunato","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9968-0821"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66947310","display_name":"National Laboratory for Civil Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/03bvw9g02","country_code":"PT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66947310"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eduardo Fortunato","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Laboratory for Civil Engineering (LNEC), Avenida do Brasil, 101, 1700-066 Lisbon, Portugal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Laboratory for Civil Engineering (LNEC), Avenida do Brasil, 101, 1700-066 Lisbon, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66947310"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5112538434"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":4.0075,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":48,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92741639,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"10","first_page":"9712","last_page":"9728"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10842","display_name":"Railway Engineering and Dynamics","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12233","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Underground Structures","score":0.9733999967575073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ballast","display_name":"Ballast","score":0.904797375202179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subgrade","display_name":"Subgrade","score":0.7487421631813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ground-penetrating-radar","display_name":"Ground-penetrating radar","score":0.7190134525299072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5249800086021423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.5037707686424255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geotechnical-engineering","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","score":0.49723318219184875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dielectric","display_name":"Dielectric","score":0.4870500862598419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-content","display_name":"Water content","score":0.47493818402290344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aggregate","display_name":"Aggregate (composite)","score":0.420302152633667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.29610297083854675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.2669788897037506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.22643616795539856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.13836976885795593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.07111099362373352}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125907379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4851537","display_name":"Ballast","level":2,"score":0.904797375202179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182377489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q337829","display_name":"Subgrade","level":2,"score":0.7487421631813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71813955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q503560","display_name":"Ground-penetrating radar","level":3,"score":0.7190134525299072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5249800086021423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5037707686424255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.49723318219184875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133386390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184996","display_name":"Dielectric","level":2,"score":0.4870500862598419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24939127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373499","display_name":"Water content","level":2,"score":0.47493818402290344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4679612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q866298","display_name":"Aggregate (composite)","level":2,"score":0.420302152633667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.29610297083854675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.2669788897037506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.22643616795539856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.13836976885795593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.07111099362373352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs6109712","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs6109712","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/6/10/9712/pdf?version=1413962615","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:59d92700cbd84a3b9c5ba333c11f056a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/59d92700cbd84a3b9c5ba333c11f056a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 6, Iss 10, Pp 9712-9728 (2014)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/6/10/9712/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs6109712","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 6; Issue 10; Pages: 9712-9728","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs6109712","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs6109712","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/6/10/9712/pdf?version=1413962615","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2039907725.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2039907725.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W58218452","https://openalex.org/W244313238","https://openalex.org/W602192059","https://openalex.org/W618863760","https://openalex.org/W1502778514","https://openalex.org/W1558181787","https://openalex.org/W1980273755","https://openalex.org/W2011157375","https://openalex.org/W2020642731","https://openalex.org/W2032974553","https://openalex.org/W2040666371","https://openalex.org/W2042851130","https://openalex.org/W2046784001","https://openalex.org/W2077062628","https://openalex.org/W2086792727","https://openalex.org/W2090347663","https://openalex.org/W2111785328","https://openalex.org/W2253084161","https://openalex.org/W2539891304","https://openalex.org/W2909998377"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W615703558","https://openalex.org/W4401899792","https://openalex.org/W1568915530","https://openalex.org/W2362869222","https://openalex.org/W561758300","https://openalex.org/W582348172","https://openalex.org/W570407364","https://openalex.org/W1901778226","https://openalex.org/W2042537404","https://openalex.org/W1969551773"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"railways":[1],"Ground":[2],"Penetrating":[3],"Radar":[4],"(GPR)":[5],"studies,":[6],"the":[7,32,35,76,89,97,137,143,170,182],"evaluation":[8],"of":[9,25,31,67,79,109,136,145,169,173],"materials":[10,80,102],"dielectric":[11,77,138,171],"properties":[12,139],"is":[13],"critical":[14],"as":[15],"they":[16],"are":[17,179,185],"sensitive":[18],"to":[19,22,28,47,51,71,87],"water":[20],"content,":[21],"petrographic":[23],"type":[24],"aggregates":[26],"and":[27,40,50,95,105,131,142,162,181],"fouling":[29],"condition":[30,44,154],"ballast.":[33,175],"Under":[34],"load":[36],"traffic,":[37],"maintenance":[38,99],"actions":[39],"climatic":[41],"effects,":[42],"ballast":[43,62],"change":[45],"due":[46],"aggregate":[48],"breakdown":[49],"subgrade":[52],"soils":[53],"pumping,":[54],"mainly":[55],"on":[56],"existing":[57],"lines":[58],"with":[59,124,127],"no":[60],"sub":[61],"layer.":[63],"The":[64,134,176],"main":[65,183],"purpose":[66],"this":[68],"study":[69],"was":[70,140,155],"validate,":[72],"under":[73],"controlled":[74],"conditions,":[75],"values":[78,146],"used":[81],"in":[82,85,110,115,117,158],"Portuguese":[83],"railways,":[84],"order":[86],"improve":[88],"GPR":[90,120,160],"interpretation":[91],"using":[92],"commercial":[93],"software":[94],"consequently":[96],"management":[98],"planning.":[100],"Different":[101],"were":[103,113,122,165],"tested":[104],"a":[106],"broad":[107],"range":[108,144],"situ":[111,159],"conditions":[112],"simulated":[114],"laboratory,":[116],"physical":[118],"models.":[119],"tests":[121],"performed":[123,166],"five":[125],"antennas":[126],"frequencies":[128],"between":[129],"400":[130],"1800":[132],"MHz.":[133],"variation":[135],"measured,":[141],"that":[147],"can":[148],"be":[149],"obtained":[150,178],"for":[151,167],"different":[152],"material":[153],"defined.":[156],"Additionally,":[157],"measurements":[161],"test":[163],"pits":[164],"validation":[168],"constant":[172],"clean":[174],"results":[177],"analyzed":[180],"conclusions":[184],"presented":[186],"herein.":[187]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-04-14T08:04:32.555800","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
