{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1994447214","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs6032343","title":"Agricultural Monitoring in Northeastern Ontario, Canada, Using Multi-Temporal Polarimetric RADARSAT-2 Data","display_name":"Agricultural Monitoring in Northeastern Ontario, Canada, Using Multi-Temporal Polarimetric RADARSAT-2 Data","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-03-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1994447214","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs6032343","mag":"1994447214"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs6032343","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs6032343","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/6/3/2343/pdf?version=1403136584","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/6/3/2343/pdf?version=1403136584","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112492008","display_name":"J. Cable","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138900291","display_name":"Nipissing University","ror":"https://ror.org/05k14ba46","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138900291"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeffrey Cable","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, Nipissing University, 100 College Drive, North Bay ON P1B 8L7, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, Nipissing University, 100 College Drive, North Bay ON P1B 8L7, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138900291"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007661165","display_name":"John M. Kovacs","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0520-3996"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138900291","display_name":"Nipissing University","ror":"https://ror.org/05k14ba46","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138900291"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"John Kovacs","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, Nipissing University, 100 College Drive, North Bay ON P1B 8L7, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, Nipissing University, 100 College Drive, North Bay ON P1B 8L7, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138900291"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102133077","display_name":"Xianfeng Jiao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138900291","display_name":"Nipissing University","ror":"https://ror.org/05k14ba46","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138900291"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xianfeng Jiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, Nipissing University, 100 College Drive, North Bay ON P1B 8L7, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, Nipissing University, 100 College Drive, North Bay ON P1B 8L7, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138900291"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083012711","display_name":"Jiali Shang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9114-1500"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1331897569","display_name":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/051dzs374","country_code":"CA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1331897569","https://openalex.org/I2802286613"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiali Shang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Science and Technology Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Ave,  Ottawa ON K1A 0C6, Canada","Science and Technology Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Ave, Ottawa ON K1A 0C6, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Ave,  Ottawa ON K1A 0C6, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331897569"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Ave, Ottawa ON K1A 0C6, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331897569"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5007661165"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138900291"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":98.9198,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":54,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99786921,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"3","first_page":"2343","last_page":"2371"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10770","display_name":"Soil Geostatistics and Mapping","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/canola","display_name":"Canola","score":0.7585431337356567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polarimetry","display_name":"Polarimetry","score":0.7549933195114136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hordeum-vulgare","display_name":"Hordeum vulgare","score":0.646449089050293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/growing-season","display_name":"Growing season","score":0.608253002166748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.5351290106773376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agronomy","display_name":"Agronomy","score":0.5234013199806213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5023758411407471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scattering","display_name":"Scattering","score":0.4272370934486389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backscatter","display_name":"Backscatter (email)","score":0.42470741271972656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sowing","display_name":"Sowing","score":0.424177885055542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crop","display_name":"Crop","score":0.4205605387687683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.4080986976623535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.3394930958747864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.19267934560775757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poaceae","display_name":"Poaceae","score":0.17967724800109863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.11658349633216858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.08683419227600098}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779223168","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98841400","display_name":"Canola","level":2,"score":0.7585431337356567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28493345","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899381","display_name":"Polarimetry","level":3,"score":0.7549933195114136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993665447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11577","display_name":"Hordeum vulgare","level":3,"score":0.646449089050293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137660486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q732240","display_name":"Growing season","level":2,"score":0.608253002166748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.5351290106773376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.5234013199806213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5023758411407471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191486275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210028","display_name":"Scattering","level":2,"score":0.4272370934486389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30354325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204667","display_name":"Backscatter (email)","level":3,"score":0.42470741271972656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168741863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q777671","display_name":"Sowing","level":2,"score":0.424177885055542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137580998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q235352","display_name":"Crop","level":2,"score":0.4205605387687683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4080986976623535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3394930958747864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.19267934560775757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46757340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43238","display_name":"Poaceae","level":2,"score":0.17967724800109863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.11658349633216858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.08683419227600098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs6032343","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs6032343","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/6/3/2343/pdf?version=1403136584","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:open-science.canada.ca:123456789/4044","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://open-science.canada.ca/handle/123456789/4044","pdf_url":"https://open-science.canada.ca/server/api/core/bitstreams/04ea78bb-0c48-4c89-955d-43dd651c977d/content","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055455","display_name":"Federal Open Science Repository of Canada / Le D\u00e9p\u00f4t f\u00e9d\u00e9ral de science ouverte du Canada","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:07b12d5441de4e2caea17201de82164f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/07b12d5441de4e2caea17201de82164f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 6, Iss 3, Pp 2343-2371 (2014)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/6/3/2343/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs6032343","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 6; Issue 3; Pages: 2343-2371","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs6032343","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs6032343","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/6/3/2343/pdf?version=1403136584","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.6399999856948853,"display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G698097283","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"920161","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315753","funder_display_name":"Northern Ontario Heritage Fund Corporation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311205","display_name":"Nipissing University","ror":"https://ror.org/05k14ba46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315753","display_name":"Northern Ontario Heritage Fund Corporation","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1994447214.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1994447214.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1550183827","https://openalex.org/W1967622284","https://openalex.org/W1989273446","https://openalex.org/W2003323862","https://openalex.org/W2011961220","https://openalex.org/W2014821640","https://openalex.org/W2051986600","https://openalex.org/W2052358442","https://openalex.org/W2053779343","https://openalex.org/W2060864251","https://openalex.org/W2064372741","https://openalex.org/W2070501457","https://openalex.org/W2071172906","https://openalex.org/W2088874508","https://openalex.org/W2094742158","https://openalex.org/W2097272115","https://openalex.org/W2097419478","https://openalex.org/W2119128301","https://openalex.org/W2133989913","https://openalex.org/W2151826995","https://openalex.org/W2163642873","https://openalex.org/W2167584261","https://openalex.org/W2173410347","https://openalex.org/W2219633734","https://openalex.org/W2302004503"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1936713628","https://openalex.org/W2104385848","https://openalex.org/W2188327923","https://openalex.org/W1528648040","https://openalex.org/W1572297036","https://openalex.org/W2099451629","https://openalex.org/W204192379","https://openalex.org/W2033059289","https://openalex.org/W311841262","https://openalex.org/W2125902540"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,176],"purpose":[1],"of":[2,38,55,101,144,165,188,207,268],"this":[3],"research":[4],"is":[5,258],"to":[6,50,116,163,174,227,245],"analyze":[7],"how":[8,44],"changes":[9],"in":[10,90,94,138,196,225,243,266],"acquisition":[11],"time":[12],"and":[13,31,73,92,104,136,180,216,219,230,236],"incidence":[14,99,126],"angle":[15,127],"affect":[16],"various":[17,35],"C-band":[18],"synthetic":[19],"aperture":[20],"radar":[21],"(SAR)":[22],"polarimetric":[23,28,81,177],"intensities,":[24],"co-polarized":[25],"phase":[26,154],"information,":[27],"response":[29,120,140,178,242],"plots":[30,179],"decomposition":[32],"parameters":[33,46],"for":[34,111,158,271],"crops":[36,201,209,223],"typical":[37],"Northern":[39,255],"Ontario,":[40,256],"Canada.":[41],"We":[42],"examine":[43],"these":[45,261],"may":[47],"be":[48,264],"used":[49],"monitor":[51],"the":[52,108,124,142,145,166,170,185,200,205,208,212,222,228,246,251],"growth":[53,151],"stages":[54],"five":[56],"common":[57],"cash":[58,130,248],"crops,":[59,160],"namely,":[60],"barley":[61],"(Hordeum":[62],"vulgare),":[63],"canola":[64,237],"(Brassica":[65],"napus),":[66],"oat":[67],"(Avena":[68],"sativa),":[69],"soybean":[70,235],"(Glycine":[71],"max)":[72],"wheat":[74],"(Triticum":[75],"spp.).":[76],"In":[77],"total,":[78],"nine":[79],"RADARSAT-2":[80,270],"images":[82],"were":[83,114,156],"analyzed":[84],"across":[85],"a":[86,118,134,239],"14-week":[87],"period":[88],"beginning":[89],"June":[91],"ending":[93],"September":[95],"2011":[96],"using":[97],"two":[98],"angles":[100],"approximately":[102],"26\u00b0":[103],"41\u00b0.":[105],"As":[106],"expected,":[107],"backscatter":[109,139],"intensities":[110],"all":[112],"targets":[113,132],"found":[115],"show":[117],"higher":[119],"when":[121],"acquired":[122],"at":[123],"steeper":[125],"(26\u00b0).":[128],"All":[129],"crop":[131,190,276],"showed":[133,238],"rise":[135],"fall":[137],"over":[141],"course":[143],"growing":[146],"season,":[147],"coinciding":[148],"with":[149,274],"changing":[150],"stages.":[152],"Slight":[153],"differences":[155],"observed":[157],"cereal":[159,247],"possibly":[161],"due":[162],"one":[164],"polarizations":[167],"penetrating":[168],"between":[169],"rows":[171],"allowing":[172],"double-bounce":[173],"occur.":[175],"decompositions":[181,232],"offered":[182],"insight":[183],"into":[184],"scattering":[186,198,214],"mechanisms":[187],"each":[189],"type,":[191],"generally":[192],"showing":[193],"an":[194],"increase":[195],"volume":[197,213],"as":[199,221],"reached":[202],"maturity.":[203],"Specifically,":[204],"contributions":[206],"increased":[210],"towards":[211],"component":[215],"zones":[217,273],"4":[218],"2,":[220],"matured":[224],"regards":[226],"Freeman-Durden":[229],"Cloude-Pottier":[231],"respectively.":[233],"Overall,":[234],"more":[240],"similar":[241,275],"comparison":[244],"crops.":[249],"Although":[250],"study":[252],"focused":[253],"on":[254],"it":[257],"anticipated":[259],"that":[260],"results":[262],"would":[263],"relevant":[265],"investigations":[267],"multi-temporal":[269],"agricultural":[272],"types.":[277]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
