{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1985087861","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs5073457","title":"Subsurface Ocean Signals from an Orbiting Polarization Lidar","display_name":"Subsurface Ocean Signals from an Orbiting Polarization Lidar","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-07-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1985087861","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs5073457","mag":"1985087861"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs5073457","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs5073457","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/5/7/3457/pdf?version=1403132778","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/5/7/3457/pdf?version=1403132778","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054104915","display_name":"James H. Churnside","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1586-2300"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1308126019","display_name":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/02z5nhe81","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1308126019","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80605987","display_name":"NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/033tt8e33","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1308126019","https://openalex.org/I1343035065","https://openalex.org/I2802992173","https://openalex.org/I80605987"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"James Churnside","raw_affiliation_strings":["Earth System Research Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Earth System Research Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80605987","https://openalex.org/I1308126019"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068554940","display_name":"Brandi McCarty","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5978-8248"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161675122","display_name":"Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/00bdqav06","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1308126019","https://openalex.org/I1343035065","https://openalex.org/I161675122","https://openalex.org/I188538660","https://openalex.org/I2802992173"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brandi McCarty","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161675122"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073558597","display_name":"Xiaomei Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6788-569X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1319063186","display_name":"Langley Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0399mhs52","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1319063186","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124779","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaomei Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Langley Research Center, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Hampton, VA 23666, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Langley Research Center, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Hampton, VA 23666, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1319063186","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5054104915"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1308126019","https://openalex.org/I80605987"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":2.0225,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":45,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86365928,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"7","first_page":"3457","last_page":"3475"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11588","display_name":"Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10075","display_name":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lidar","display_name":"Lidar","score":0.8693323731422424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerosol","display_name":"Aerosol","score":0.6549606323242188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polarization","display_name":"Polarization (electrochemistry)","score":0.6135138273239136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6043925285339355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depolarization","display_name":"Depolarization","score":0.5539339780807495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5516834259033203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.532921552658081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scattering","display_name":"Scattering","score":0.48615118861198425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depolarization-ratio","display_name":"Depolarization ratio","score":0.4518272280693054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-sciences","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","score":0.37764623761177063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.2885385751724243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.2668277621269226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.1978633999824524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.186105877161026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.08838465809822083}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51399673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504027","display_name":"Lidar","level":2,"score":0.8693323731422424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779345167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104541","display_name":"Aerosol","level":2,"score":0.6549606323242188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205049153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2698605","display_name":"Polarization (electrochemistry)","level":2,"score":0.6135138273239136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6043925285339355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4141045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83183","display_name":"Depolarization","level":2,"score":0.5539339780807495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5516834259033203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.532921552658081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191486275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210028","display_name":"Scattering","level":2,"score":0.48615118861198425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779185125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1191574","display_name":"Depolarization ratio","level":3,"score":0.4518272280693054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.37764623761177063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.2885385751724243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.2668277621269226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.1978633999824524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.186105877161026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.08838465809822083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs5073457","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs5073457","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/5/7/3457/pdf?version=1403132778","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.367.7875","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.367.7875","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/5/7/3457/pdf?y=1","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ac4e55ca9d2048e38e6542a2be893ce1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ac4e55ca9d2048e38e6542a2be893ce1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 5, Iss 7, Pp 3457-3475 (2013)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/5/7/3457/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs5073457","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 5; Issue 7; Pages: 3457-3475","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs5073457","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs5073457","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/5/7/3457/pdf?version=1403132778","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","display_name":"Life below water","score":0.8799999952316284}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332181","display_name":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/02z5nhe81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332377","display_name":"Goddard Space Flight Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0171mag52"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332378","display_name":"Langley Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0399mhs52"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1985087861.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1985087861.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1564498658","https://openalex.org/W1976017060","https://openalex.org/W1977844360","https://openalex.org/W1985808974","https://openalex.org/W1997629434","https://openalex.org/W1999182952","https://openalex.org/W2001195958","https://openalex.org/W2030885770","https://openalex.org/W2037732609","https://openalex.org/W2040928459","https://openalex.org/W2044290718","https://openalex.org/W2058183582","https://openalex.org/W2067112564","https://openalex.org/W2078106796","https://openalex.org/W2083365255","https://openalex.org/W2085225596","https://openalex.org/W2087226613","https://openalex.org/W2093050486","https://openalex.org/W2094554400","https://openalex.org/W2100201215","https://openalex.org/W2101933893","https://openalex.org/W2111842112","https://openalex.org/W2113317389","https://openalex.org/W2116834551","https://openalex.org/W2138292642","https://openalex.org/W2148633864","https://openalex.org/W2155005486","https://openalex.org/W2155041564","https://openalex.org/W2167165610","https://openalex.org/W6644768545","https://openalex.org/W6675105953","https://openalex.org/W6959770503"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3017317562","https://openalex.org/W2080702410","https://openalex.org/W3102930834","https://openalex.org/W1980227357","https://openalex.org/W4389272098","https://openalex.org/W4389579111","https://openalex.org/W4389816832","https://openalex.org/W1987088121","https://openalex.org/W2074065773","https://openalex.org/W1947519331"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Detection":[0],"of":[1,30,35,45,72,95,130],"subsurface":[2,36],"returns":[3],"from":[4],"the":[5,13,26,46,51,55,69,87,122,127,131,146],"Cloud-Aerosol":[6,14],"Lidar":[7,15],"with":[8,80],"Orthogonal":[9],"Polarization":[10],"(CALIOP)":[11],"on":[12],"and":[16,43,150],"Infrared":[17],"Pathfinder":[18],"Satellite":[19],"Observation":[20],"(CALIPSO)":[21],"satellite":[22],"were":[23,77],"demonstrated.":[24],"Despite":[25],"coarse":[27],"range":[28,58],"resolution":[29],"this":[31],"aerosol":[32],"lidar,":[33],"evidence":[34],"scattering":[37],"was":[38,89,134,148],"observed":[39],"as":[40,152],"a":[41,93,153],"delay":[42],"broadening":[44],"cross-polarized":[47],"signal":[48,53,123],"relative":[49],"to":[50,64],"co-polarized":[52],"in":[54,86,145],"three":[56],"near-surface":[57,81],"bins.":[59],"These":[60,75],"two":[61],"effects":[62],"contributed":[63],"an":[65,112,137],"increased":[66],"depolarization":[67,88,141],"at":[68,92,105],"nominal":[70],"depth":[71,94,107],"25":[73],"m.":[74],"features":[76],"all":[78],"correlated":[79],"chlorophyll":[82,103],"concentrations.":[83],"An":[84],"increase":[85],"also":[90],"seen":[91],"50":[96],"m":[97],"under":[98],"certain":[99],"conditions,":[100],"suggesting":[101],"that":[102,106],"concentration":[104],"could":[108],"be":[109,117],"estimated":[110],"if":[111],"appropriate":[113],"retrieval":[114],"technique":[115],"can":[116],"developed.":[118],"At":[119],"greater":[120],"depths,":[121],"is":[124],"dominated":[125],"by":[126,136,143],"temporal":[128],"response":[129],"detectors,":[132],"which":[133],"approximated":[135],"analytical":[138],"expression.":[139],"The":[140],"caused":[142],"aerosols":[144],"atmosphere":[147],"calculated":[149],"eliminated":[151],"possible":[154],"artifact.":[155]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
