{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2044046051","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs4102919","title":"Laser Scanning in Forests","display_name":"Laser Scanning in Forests","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-09-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2044046051","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs4102919","mag":"2044046051"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs4102919","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs4102919","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/4/10/2919/pdf?version=1403131125","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/4/10/2919/pdf?version=1403131125","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033042071","display_name":"Juha Hyypp\u00e4","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5360-4017"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33876163","display_name":"Finnish Geospatial Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01zv3gf04","country_code":"FI","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33876163"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Juha Hyypp\u00e4","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Remote Sensing and Photogrammetry, Finnish Geodetic Institute, FI-02431 Masala, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Remote Sensing and Photogrammetry, Finnish Geodetic Institute, FI-02431 Masala, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33876163"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061837252","display_name":"Markus Holopainen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6489-8671"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Markus Holopainen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103265131","display_name":"H\u00e5kan Olsson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3476-1401"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I298625061","display_name":"Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/02yy8x990","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I298625061"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H\u00e5kan Olsson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Remote Sensing Laboratory, Department of Forest Resource Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), SE-901 83 Ume\u00e5, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Laboratory, Department of Forest Resource Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), SE-901 83 Ume\u00e5, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I298625061"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5033042071"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33876163"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":3.5204,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":50,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91814461,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"10","first_page":"2919","last_page":"2922"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12713","display_name":"Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1109","display_name":"Insect Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11880","display_name":"Forest ecology and management","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2309","display_name":"Nature and Landscape Conservation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser-scanning","display_name":"Laser scanning","score":0.6761612892150879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lidar","display_name":"Lidar","score":0.6396967172622681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss-applications","display_name":"GNSS applications","score":0.5987292528152466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.538966178894043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.41908854246139526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.3863487243652344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.35462382435798645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.34851932525634766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.3445403575897217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-resource-management","display_name":"Environmental resource management","score":0.3274313807487488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser","display_name":"Laser","score":0.31061047315597534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.2240753471851349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.18121156096458435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.14065536856651306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.09083467721939087}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141349535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1361664","display_name":"Laser scanning","level":3,"score":0.6761612892150879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51399673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504027","display_name":"Lidar","level":2,"score":0.6396967172622681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.5987292528152466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.538966178894043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.41908854246139526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3863487243652344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.35462382435798645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.34851932525634766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3445403575897217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107826830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380","display_name":"Environmental resource management","level":1,"score":0.3274313807487488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.31061047315597534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.2240753471851349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18121156096458435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.14065536856651306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.09083467721939087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs4102919","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs4102919","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/4/10/2919/pdf?version=1403131125","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:84b8e55dd146451c9d6aaa4909f4ba8e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/84b8e55dd146451c9d6aaa4909f4ba8e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 4, Iss 10, Pp 2919-2922 (2012)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:helda.helsinki.fi:10138/159637","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10138/159637","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210213322","display_name":"Ty\u00f6v\u00e4entutkimus Vuosikirja","issn_l":"0784-1272","issn":["0784-1272","1459-7780"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/4/10/2919/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs4102919","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 4; Issue 10; Pages: 2919-2922","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs4102919","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs4102919","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/4/10/2919/pdf?version=1403131125","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6600000262260437,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life in Land"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2044046051.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2044046051.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972806173","https://openalex.org/W1974264902","https://openalex.org/W1974789528","https://openalex.org/W1977615264","https://openalex.org/W1978542468","https://openalex.org/W1987794512","https://openalex.org/W1988821780","https://openalex.org/W1993918722","https://openalex.org/W1996263757","https://openalex.org/W2000345291","https://openalex.org/W2005885990","https://openalex.org/W2009289118","https://openalex.org/W2015745550","https://openalex.org/W2030850803","https://openalex.org/W2050923321","https://openalex.org/W2053349525","https://openalex.org/W2057943581","https://openalex.org/W2090858999","https://openalex.org/W2113782183","https://openalex.org/W2122920344","https://openalex.org/W2123018024","https://openalex.org/W2165044919","https://openalex.org/W6654440539","https://openalex.org/W6678293961"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4319317934","https://openalex.org/W2901265155","https://openalex.org/W2956374172","https://openalex.org/W4319837668","https://openalex.org/W4308071650","https://openalex.org/W3188333020","https://openalex.org/W4281783339","https://openalex.org/W1964041166","https://openalex.org/W4390887692","https://openalex.org/W4221065211"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"introduction":[1],"of":[2,101,113,126,131,142,161,171,175,178],"Airborne":[3],"Laser":[4],"Scanning":[5],"(ALS)":[6],"to":[7,35,109],"forests":[8,179],"has":[9,107,180,203],"been":[10,74,181],"revolutionary":[11],"during":[12],"the":[13,62,99,118,132,146,173,182,186,193,197],"last":[14,194],"decade.":[15,195],"This":[16],"development":[17],"was":[18,151],"facilitated":[19],"by":[20,123],"combining":[21],"earlier":[22],"ranging":[23,32],"lidar":[24],"discoveries":[25],"[1\u20135],":[26],"with":[27],"experience":[28],"obtained":[29],"from":[30,168],"full-waveform":[31],"radar":[33],"[6,7]":[34],"new":[36,68],"airborne":[37],"laser":[38,149,176,188],"scanning":[39,59,150,177,189,200],"systems":[40],"which":[41],"had":[42],"components":[43],"such":[44],"as":[45],"a":[46,58,139,205],"GNSS":[47],"receiver":[48],"(Global":[49],"Navigation":[50],"Satellite":[51],"System),":[52],"IMU":[53],"(Inertial":[54],"Measurement":[55],"Unit)":[56],"and":[57,117,136,153,209],"mechanism.":[60],"Since":[61],"first":[63],"commercial":[64],"ALS":[65,81,102],"in":[66,93,145,201],"1994,":[67],"ALS-based":[69],"forest":[70,89,104,147],"inventory":[71],"approaches":[72],"have":[73],"reported":[75],"feasible":[76],"for":[77,86,91,103,185],"operational":[78],"activities":[79],"[8\u201312].":[80],"is":[82,120],"currently":[83],"operationally":[84,154],"applied":[85,155],"stand":[87],"level":[88],"inventories,":[90],"example,":[92],"Nordic":[94],"countries.":[95],"In":[96,129],"Finland":[97],"alone,":[98],"adoption":[100],"data":[105],"collection":[106],"led":[108],"an":[110],"annual":[111],"savings":[112],"around":[114],"20":[115],"M\u20ac/year,":[116],"work":[119],"mainly":[121],"done":[122],"companies":[124],"instead":[125],"governmental":[127],"organizations.":[128],"spite":[130],"long":[133],"implementation":[134],"times":[135],"there":[137],"being":[138],"limited":[140],"tradition":[141],"making":[143],"changes":[144],"sector,":[148],"commercially":[152],"after":[156],"about":[157],"only":[158],"one":[159],"decade":[160],"research.":[162],"When":[163],"analyzing":[164],"high-ranked":[165],"journal":[166],"papers":[167],"ISI":[169],"Web":[170],"Science,":[172],"topic":[174,198],"driving":[183],"force":[184],"whole":[187],"research":[190],"society":[191],"over":[192],"Thus,":[196],"\u201claser":[199],"forests\u201d":[202],"provided":[204],"significant":[206],"industrial,":[207],"societal":[208],"scientific":[210],"impact.":[211],"[...]":[212]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
