{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2104701588","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs3010014","title":"Description and Performance of an L-Band Radiometer with Digital Beamforming","display_name":"Description and Performance of an L-Band Radiometer with Digital Beamforming","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-12-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2104701588","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs3010014","mag":"2104701588"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs3010014","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs3010014","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/3/1/14/pdf?version=1403129230","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/3/1/14/pdf?version=1403129230","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071403178","display_name":"Xavier Bosch-Lluis","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/03mb6wj31","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xavier Bosch-Lluis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Remote Sensing Lab, Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Technical University of Catalonia, Diagonal North Campus, and IEEC CRAE/UPC, Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D4, 08034 Barcelona, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Lab, Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Technical University of Catalonia, Diagonal North Campus, and IEEC CRAE/UPC, Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D4, 08034 Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071026107","display_name":"I. Ramos\u2010Perez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5490-5505"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/03mb6wj31","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Isaac Ramos-Perez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Remote Sensing Lab, Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Technical University of Catalonia, Diagonal North Campus, and IEEC CRAE/UPC, Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D4, 08034 Barcelona, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Lab, Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Technical University of Catalonia, Diagonal North Campus, and IEEC CRAE/UPC, Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D4, 08034 Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073492252","display_name":"Adriano Camps","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9514-4992"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/03mb6wj31","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adriano Camps","raw_affiliation_strings":["Remote Sensing Lab, Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Technical University of Catalonia, Diagonal North Campus, and IEEC CRAE/UPC, Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D4, 08034 Barcelona, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Lab, Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Technical University of Catalonia, Diagonal North Campus, and IEEC CRAE/UPC, Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D4, 08034 Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036058658","display_name":"Nereida Rodriguez-Alvarez","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/03mb6wj31","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nereida Rodriguez-Alvarez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Remote Sensing Lab, Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Technical University of Catalonia, Diagonal North Campus, and IEEC CRAE/UPC, Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D4, 08034 Barcelona, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Lab, Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Technical University of Catalonia, Diagonal North Campus, and IEEC CRAE/UPC, Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D4, 08034 Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018755444","display_name":"E. Valencia","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/03mb6wj31","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enric Valencia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Remote Sensing Lab, Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Technical University of Catalonia, Diagonal North Campus, and IEEC CRAE/UPC, Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D4, 08034 Barcelona, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Lab, Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Technical University of Catalonia, Diagonal North Campus, and IEEC CRAE/UPC, Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D4, 08034 Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077302112","display_name":"J. F. Marchan-Hernandez","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/03mb6wj31","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan F. Marchan-Hernandez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Remote Sensing Lab, Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Technical University of Catalonia, Diagonal North Campus, and IEEC CRAE/UPC, Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D4, 08034 Barcelona, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Lab, Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Technical University of Catalonia, Diagonal North Campus, and IEEC CRAE/UPC, Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D4, 08034 Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5071403178"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":1.5082,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83881219,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"1","first_page":"14","last_page":"40"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9868999719619751,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11234","display_name":"Precipitation Measurement and Analysis","score":0.984000027179718,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiometer","display_name":"Radiometer","score":0.792514443397522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anechoic-chamber","display_name":"Anechoic chamber","score":0.7536150217056274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6821131706237793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave-radiometer","display_name":"Microwave radiometer","score":0.5898545384407043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave","display_name":"Microwave","score":0.5046600103378296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.502631425857544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/l-band","display_name":"L band","score":0.46769073605537415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss-applications","display_name":"GNSS applications","score":0.45309382677078247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiplexing","display_name":"Multiplexing","score":0.4210737943649292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.42031538486480713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.40799686312675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.34581130743026733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.2905265688896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.25582924485206604}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120189094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850281","display_name":"Radiometer","level":2,"score":0.792514443397522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149712133","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q332774","display_name":"Anechoic chamber","level":2,"score":0.7536150217056274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6821131706237793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96960616","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3814470","display_name":"Microwave radiometer","level":3,"score":0.5898545384407043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44838205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127995","display_name":"Microwave","level":2,"score":0.5046600103378296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.502631425857544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133969743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2362353","display_name":"L band","level":2,"score":0.46769073605537415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.45309382677078247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19275194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q222903","display_name":"Multiplexing","level":2,"score":0.4210737943649292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.42031538486480713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.40799686312675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.34581130743026733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.2905265688896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.25582924485206604}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs3010014","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs3010014","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/3/1/14/pdf?version=1403129230","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:54def94d5a4a44d6b650f412829ba93f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/54def94d5a4a44d6b650f412829ba93f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 3, Iss 1, Pp 14-40 (2010)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/3/1/14/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs3010014","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs3010014","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs3010014","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/3/1/14/pdf?version=1403129230","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life below water","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":0.8700000047683716}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1194961404","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EURYI","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320301","funder_display_name":"European Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320301","display_name":"European Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/04esata81"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2104701588.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2104701588.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W79750826","https://openalex.org/W1648717980","https://openalex.org/W1845632369","https://openalex.org/W1864045995","https://openalex.org/W1991880185","https://openalex.org/W2002002929","https://openalex.org/W2018169165","https://openalex.org/W2036943784","https://openalex.org/W2050339980","https://openalex.org/W2085656947","https://openalex.org/W2087070363","https://openalex.org/W2096552060","https://openalex.org/W2096973565","https://openalex.org/W2100014130","https://openalex.org/W2100500990","https://openalex.org/W2105934661","https://openalex.org/W2114578440","https://openalex.org/W2115817712","https://openalex.org/W2132077674","https://openalex.org/W2146705192","https://openalex.org/W2159185012","https://openalex.org/W2160402506","https://openalex.org/W2167275027","https://openalex.org/W2169839252","https://openalex.org/W2746911181","https://openalex.org/W3045395205","https://openalex.org/W4236380069","https://openalex.org/W4387533279"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2381259876","https://openalex.org/W2016007472","https://openalex.org/W2360231461","https://openalex.org/W2013323393","https://openalex.org/W2413930784","https://openalex.org/W2140108161","https://openalex.org/W2005776842","https://openalex.org/W2165236048","https://openalex.org/W2388976256","https://openalex.org/W2516103524"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,52],"paper":[1,53],"presents":[2],"the":[3,19,56,62,68,74,79],"description":[4],"and":[5,38,48,64],"performance":[6],"tests":[7],"of":[8],"an":[9,30],"L-band":[10,46],"microwave":[11,43],"radiometer":[12,44],"with":[13],"Digital":[14],"Beamforming":[15],"(DBF),":[16],"developed":[17,69],"for":[18,24,67],"Passive":[20],"Advanced":[21],"Unit":[22],"(PAU)":[23],"ocean":[25],"monitoring":[26],"project.":[27],"PAU":[28],"is":[29],"instrument":[31],"that":[32],"combines,":[33],"in":[34,78],"a":[35,42,49],"single":[36],"receiver":[37],"without":[39],"time":[40],"multiplexing,":[41],"at":[45],"(PAU-RAD)":[47],"GPS-reflectometer":[50],"(PAU-GNSS-R).":[51],"focuses":[54],"on":[55],"PAU\u2011RAD":[57],"beamformer\u2019s":[58],"first":[59,75],"results,":[60],"analyzing":[61],"hardware":[63],"software":[65],"required":[66],"prototype.":[70],"Finally,":[71],"it":[72],"discusses":[73],"results":[76],"measured":[77],"Universitat":[80],"Polit\u00e8cnica":[81],"de":[82],"Catalunya":[83],"(UPC)":[84],"anechoic":[85],"chamber.":[86]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}