{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4405496175","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16244715","title":"FlightScope: An Experimental Comparative Review of Aircraft Detection Algorithms in Satellite Imagery","display_name":"FlightScope: An Experimental Comparative Review of Aircraft Detection Algorithms in Satellite Imagery","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-12-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4405496175","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16244715"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16244715","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16244715","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/24/4715/pdf?version=1734443341","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/24/4715/pdf?version=1734443341","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002050391","display_name":"Safouane El Ghazouali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5403-3911"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Safouane El Ghazouali","raw_affiliation_strings":["TOELT LLC, Research and Development, 8600 D\u00fcbendorf, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TOELT LLC, Research and Development, 8600 D\u00fcbendorf, Switzerland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036807367","display_name":"Arnaud Gucciardi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2571-4517"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153976015","display_name":"University of Ljubljana","ror":"https://ror.org/05njb9z20","country_code":"SI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153976015"]}],"countries":["SI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arnaud Gucciardi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computer and Information Science, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia","TOELT LLC, Research and Development, 8600 D\u00fcbendorf, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer and Information Science, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153976015"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"TOELT LLC, Research and Development, 8600 D\u00fcbendorf, Switzerland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029608826","display_name":"Francesca Venturini","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I858936495","display_name":"ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05pmsvm27","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I858936495"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Francesca Venturini","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, 8401 Winterthur, Switzerland","TOELT LLC, Research and Development, 8600 D\u00fcbendorf, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, 8401 Winterthur, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I858936495"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"TOELT LLC, Research and Development, 8600 D\u00fcbendorf, Switzerland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106558931","display_name":"Nicola Venturi","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicola Venturi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Competence Center for Artificial Intelligence and Simulation, Armasuisse S+T, Feuerwerkerstrasse 39, 3602 Thun, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Competence Center for Artificial Intelligence and Simulation, Armasuisse S+T, Feuerwerkerstrasse 39, 3602 Thun, Switzerland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043665177","display_name":"Michael Rueegsegger","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Rueegsegger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Competence Center for Artificial Intelligence and Simulation, Armasuisse S+T, Feuerwerkerstrasse 39, 3602 Thun, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Competence Center for Artificial Intelligence and Simulation, Armasuisse S+T, Feuerwerkerstrasse 39, 3602 Thun, Switzerland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079988916","display_name":"Umberto Michelucci","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6060-5365"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I81007117","display_name":"Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and Arts","ror":"https://ror.org/04nd0xd48","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I81007117"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Umberto Michelucci","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, HSLU\u2014Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and Arts, 6343 Rotkreuz, Switzerland","TOELT LLC, Research and Development, 8600 D\u00fcbendorf, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, HSLU\u2014Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and Arts, 6343 Rotkreuz, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I81007117"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"TOELT LLC, Research and Development, 8600 D\u00fcbendorf, Switzerland","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029608826"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I858936495"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2475,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2669},"fwci":4.2514,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9547306,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"24","first_page":"4715","last_page":"4715"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12389","display_name":"Infrared Target Detection Methodologies","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12983","display_name":"Satellite Image Processing and Photogrammetry","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.5345040559768677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.49502032995224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.4832209348678589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.36447155475616455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.24641501903533936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.11755502223968506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.06373301148414612}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5345040559768677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.49502032995224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.4832209348678589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.36447155475616455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.24641501903533936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.11755502223968506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.06373301148414612}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16244715","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16244715","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/24/4715/pdf?version=1734443341","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcollection.zhaw.ch:11475/32008","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11475/32008","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401810","display_name":"Z\u00fcrcher Hochschule f\u00fcr Angewandte Wissenschaften digital collection (Zurich University of Applied Sciences)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200744771","host_organization_name":"ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200744771"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3bff3e49985541df95a849fcc8532e48","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3bff3e49985541df95a849fcc8532e48","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 16, Iss 24, p 4715 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16244715","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16244715","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/24/4715/pdf?version=1734443341","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4405496175.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4405496175.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":95,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W568332929","https://openalex.org/W1536680647","https://openalex.org/W1861492603","https://openalex.org/W2008056655","https://openalex.org/W2088049833","https://openalex.org/W2102605133","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2183182206","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2293725900","https://openalex.org/W2565639579","https://openalex.org/W2570343428","https://openalex.org/W2583491955","https://openalex.org/W2625461642","https://openalex.org/W2758555341","https://openalex.org/W2809254203","https://openalex.org/W2884367402","https://openalex.org/W2884561390","https://openalex.org/W2949096641","https://openalex.org/W2962749812","https://openalex.org/W2963037989","https://openalex.org/W2963058975","https://openalex.org/W2963150697","https://openalex.org/W2964241181","https://openalex.org/W2972006294","https://openalex.org/W2988916019","https://openalex.org/W2989604896","https://openalex.org/W2989666306","https://openalex.org/W3005145900","https://openalex.org/W3012573144","https://openalex.org/W3015468802","https://openalex.org/W3034971973","https://openalex.org/W3042203953","https://openalex.org/W3092151103","https://openalex.org/W3093414282","https://openalex.org/W3096597990","https://openalex.org/W3096609285","https://openalex.org/W3107727158","https://openalex.org/W3118843071","https://openalex.org/W3120411988","https://openalex.org/W3124372372","https://openalex.org/W3124916339","https://openalex.org/W3131864390","https://openalex.org/W3138516171","https://openalex.org/W3158601697","https://openalex.org/W3161008321","https://openalex.org/W3165198387","https://openalex.org/W3167312524","https://openalex.org/W3174156594","https://openalex.org/W3176709420","https://openalex.org/W3180134609","https://openalex.org/W3191821575","https://openalex.org/W3194872180","https://openalex.org/W3197733821","https://openalex.org/W3212386989","https://openalex.org/W4212773528","https://openalex.org/W4226334005","https://openalex.org/W4281962665","https://openalex.org/W4282051893","https://openalex.org/W4285021064","https://openalex.org/W4300657415","https://openalex.org/W4306955484","https://openalex.org/W4307939578","https://openalex.org/W4312956471","https://openalex.org/W4320002812","https://openalex.org/W4322753858","https://openalex.org/W4323644307","https://openalex.org/W4327956269","https://openalex.org/W4361017865","https://openalex.org/W4361221423","https://openalex.org/W4375816655","https://openalex.org/W4382137697","https://openalex.org/W4382292765","https://openalex.org/W4383345852","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W4386097033","https://openalex.org/W4388796689","https://openalex.org/W4389565258","https://openalex.org/W4390650730","https://openalex.org/W4391304743","https://openalex.org/W4391815309","https://openalex.org/W4393115925","https://openalex.org/W4395663883","https://openalex.org/W4399419713","https://openalex.org/W4402754006","https://openalex.org/W4404612908","https://openalex.org/W6684191040","https://openalex.org/W6697264406","https://openalex.org/W6739901393","https://openalex.org/W6778485988","https://openalex.org/W6783031860","https://openalex.org/W6790978699","https://openalex.org/W6803003410","https://openalex.org/W6946477005"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2051487156","https://openalex.org/W2073681303","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2013329914","https://openalex.org/W2392383081","https://openalex.org/W1618102658"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Object":[0],"detection":[1,47],"in":[2,9,75,229],"remotely":[3],"sensed":[4],"satellite":[5,57,210,242],"pictures":[6],"is":[7,61],"fundamental":[8,199],"many":[10],"fields":[11],"such":[12],"as":[13,134,171],"biophysical":[14],"and":[15,30,40,73,111,119,129,152,188,213,227],"environmental":[16],"monitoring.":[17],"While":[18],"deep":[19,80],"learning":[20,81],"algorithms":[21,48,69],"are":[22,71],"constantly":[23],"evolving,":[24],"they":[25],"have":[26],"been":[27],"mostly":[28],"implemented":[29],"tested":[31],"on":[32,78],"popular":[33],"ground-taken":[34],"photos.":[35],"This":[36,126,158,222],"paper":[37],"critically":[38],"evaluates":[39],"compares":[41],"a":[42,79,172,215],"suite":[43],"of":[44,53,104,142,165,201,209,232],"advanced":[45],"object":[46,177,235],"customized":[49],"for":[50,138,175,240],"the":[51,87,96,135,139,161,198,206,230,238],"task":[52],"identifying":[54,143],"aircraft":[55],"within":[56],"imagery.":[58],"The":[59,193],"goal":[60],"to":[62,65,218,224],"enable":[63],"researchers":[64],"choose":[66],"efficiently":[67],"from":[68,124,145],"that":[70],"trainable":[72],"usable":[74],"real":[76],"time":[77],"infrastructure":[82],"with":[83,92,95,168,205],"moderate":[84],"requirements.":[85],"Using":[86],"large":[88],"HRPlanesV2":[89],"dataset,":[90,98],"together":[91],"rigorous":[93],"validation":[94,130],"GDIT":[97],"this":[99],"research":[100,159],"encompasses":[101],"an":[102],"array":[103],"methodologies":[105],"including":[106],"YOLO":[107],"versions":[108],"5,":[109],"8,":[110],"10,":[112],"Faster":[113],"RCNN,":[114],"CenterNet,":[115],"RetinaNet,":[116],"RTMDet,":[117],"DETR,":[118],"grounding":[120],"DINO,":[121],"all":[122],"trained":[123],"scratch.":[125],"exhaustive":[127],"training":[128],"study":[131],"reveals":[132],"YOLOv5":[133,169],"pre-eminent":[136],"model":[137,220],"specific":[140,207],"case":[141],"airplanes":[144],"remote":[146,233],"sensing":[147,234],"data,":[148],"showcasing":[149],"high":[150],"precision":[151],"adaptability":[153],"across":[154],"diverse":[155],"imaging":[156],"conditions.":[157],"highlights":[160],"nuanced":[162],"performance":[163],"landscapes":[164],"these":[166],"algorithms,":[167],"emerging":[170],"robust":[173],"solution":[174],"aerial":[176],"detection,":[178,236],"underlining":[179],"its":[180],"importance":[181],"through":[182],"superior":[183],"mean":[184],"average":[185],"precision,":[186],"recall,":[187],"intersection":[189],"over":[190],"union":[191],"scores.":[192],"findings":[194],"described":[195],"here":[196],"underscore":[197],"role":[200],"algorithm":[202],"selection":[203],"aligned":[204],"demands":[208],"imagery":[211,243],"analysis":[212],"extend":[214],"comprehensive":[216],"framework":[217],"evaluate":[219],"efficacy.":[221],"aims":[223],"foster":[225],"exploration":[226],"innovation":[228],"realm":[231],"paving":[237],"way":[239],"improved":[241],"applications.":[244]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":15}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T14:29:43.386196","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}