{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4405322162","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16244653","title":"SSUM: Spatial\u2013Spectral Unified Mamba for Hyperspectral Image Classification","display_name":"SSUM: Spatial\u2013Spectral Unified Mamba for Hyperspectral Image Classification","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-12-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4405322162","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16244653"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16244653","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16244653","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/24/4653/pdf?version=1734004789","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/24/4653/pdf?version=1734004789","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110925770","display_name":"Song Lu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Song Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Aerospace Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710126, China","School of Aerospace Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an 710126, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Aerospace Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710126, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Aerospace Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an 710126, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100744463","display_name":"Min Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8681-5889"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Min Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Aerospace Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710126, China","School of Aerospace Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an 710126, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Aerospace Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710126, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Aerospace Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an 710126, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067109388","display_name":"Yu Huo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5689-8636"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Huo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Aerospace Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710126, China","School of Aerospace Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an 710126, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Aerospace Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710126, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Aerospace Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an 710126, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100785431","display_name":"Chenhao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0612-9845"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenhao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Aerospace Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710126, China","School of Aerospace Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an 710126, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Aerospace Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710126, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Aerospace Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an 710126, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100461876","display_name":"Jingwen Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2268-500X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingwen Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Research Institute of Telemetry, Beijing 100076, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Research Institute of Telemetry, Beijing 100076, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043996058","display_name":"Chao Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3762-969X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenyu Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Research Institute of Telemetry, Beijing 100076, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Research Institute of Telemetry, Beijing 100076, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100744463"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":2.7951,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91652505,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"24","first_page":"4653","last_page":"4653"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13890","display_name":"Remote Sensing and Land Use","score":0.9925000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11659","display_name":"Advanced Image Fusion Techniques","score":0.9758999943733215,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperspectral-imaging","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","score":0.7639723420143127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.4832606911659241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3969159424304962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.2982298731803894}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159078339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959005","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","level":2,"score":0.7639723420143127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4832606911659241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3969159424304962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.2982298731803894}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16244653","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16244653","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/24/4653/pdf?version=1734004789","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:bbc25cc1b22c41aa8d1cf1023d3d95b2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/bbc25cc1b22c41aa8d1cf1023d3d95b2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 16, Iss 24, p 4653 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16244653","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16244653","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/24/4653/pdf?version=1734004789","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4405322162.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":75,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2013251902","https://openalex.org/W2029316659","https://openalex.org/W2097915756","https://openalex.org/W2114819256","https://openalex.org/W2136251662","https://openalex.org/W2506684654","https://openalex.org/W2609880332","https://openalex.org/W2754507318","https://openalex.org/W2764276316","https://openalex.org/W2765970732","https://openalex.org/W2783096881","https://openalex.org/W2793645503","https://openalex.org/W2800371750","https://openalex.org/W2811355488","https://openalex.org/W2901461790","https://openalex.org/W2914331134","https://openalex.org/W2937638900","https://openalex.org/W2962971773","https://openalex.org/W2971027447","https://openalex.org/W2971432438","https://openalex.org/W2987761193","https://openalex.org/W3041591456","https://openalex.org/W3043713335","https://openalex.org/W3047443805","https://openalex.org/W3049655825","https://openalex.org/W3103695279","https://openalex.org/W3105005050","https://openalex.org/W3122028341","https://openalex.org/W3214821343","https://openalex.org/W4224241567","https://openalex.org/W4226277663","https://openalex.org/W4241874243","https://openalex.org/W4285124290","https://openalex.org/W4288054357","https://openalex.org/W4292691763","https://openalex.org/W4293198619","https://openalex.org/W4294068665","https://openalex.org/W4312730569","https://openalex.org/W4312743284","https://openalex.org/W4312789082","https://openalex.org/W4312976110","https://openalex.org/W4319069095","https://openalex.org/W4367663491","https://openalex.org/W4372054869","https://openalex.org/W4379659776","https://openalex.org/W4382118993","https://openalex.org/W4384829706","https://openalex.org/W4386266673","https://openalex.org/W4389104899","https://openalex.org/W4389169332","https://openalex.org/W4390480870","https://openalex.org/W4390873265","https://openalex.org/W4394011707","https://openalex.org/W4394596593","https://openalex.org/W4394938955","https://openalex.org/W4396766427","https://openalex.org/W4398151306","https://openalex.org/W4399039779","https://openalex.org/W4399154429","https://openalex.org/W4399920797","https://openalex.org/W4400279352","https://openalex.org/W4400810737","https://openalex.org/W4404132547","https://openalex.org/W4404501926","https://openalex.org/W6739901393","https://openalex.org/W6750035952","https://openalex.org/W6840360099","https://openalex.org/W6855499991","https://openalex.org/W6858828068","https://openalex.org/W6861008598","https://openalex.org/W6863343479","https://openalex.org/W6863404205","https://openalex.org/W6863540938","https://openalex.org/W6865037012","https://openalex.org/W6870148693"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2072166414","https://openalex.org/W3209970181","https://openalex.org/W2060875994","https://openalex.org/W3034375524","https://openalex.org/W2385371209","https://openalex.org/W4250051149","https://openalex.org/W2083270190"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"How":[0],"to":[1,11,34,106,133,159,190,227],"effectively":[2],"extract":[3,134,229],"spectral":[4,43,141,197],"and":[5,8,42,110,127,142,219,250,272],"spatial":[6,41,72,143,166,231],"information":[7],"apply":[9],"it":[10],"hyperspectral":[12,46],"image":[13],"classification":[14,237],"(HSIC)":[15],"has":[16],"been":[17],"a":[18,87,151,176,204,213,224],"hot":[19],"research":[20],"topic.":[21],"In":[22,69,174,199],"recent":[23],"years,":[24],"the":[25,50,71,78,98,123,128,135,147,161,165,187,192,200,230,236,243,247,256,265,268,282,285],"transformer-based":[26,51],"HSIC":[27,60,104],"models":[28],"have":[29],"attracted":[30],"much":[31],"interest":[32],"due":[33],"their":[35],"advantages":[36],"in":[37,45,59,75,146],"long-distance":[38],"modeling":[39],"of":[40,67,81,119,137,195,233,246,259,267,284],"features":[44,136,232],"images":[47],"(HSIs).":[48],"However,":[49],"method":[52],"suffers":[53],"from":[54,139],"high":[55],"computational":[56,108],"complexity,":[57],"especially":[58],"tasks":[61,105],"that":[62],"require":[63],"processing":[64],"large":[65],"amounts":[66],"data.":[68],"addition,":[70,175],"variability":[73,167],"inherent":[74],"HSIs":[76,138],"limits":[77],"performance":[79,258],"improvement":[80],"HSIC.":[82,260],"To":[83],"handle":[84],"these":[85],"challenges,":[86],"novel":[88,177],"Spectral\u2013Spatial":[89],"Unified":[90],"Mamba":[91,125,130,149,202,206,249,252],"(SSUM)":[92],"model":[93,112,116],"is":[94,117,157,182,209],"proposed,":[95,183],"which":[96,184],"introduces":[97],"State":[99],"Space":[100],"Model":[101],"(SSM)":[102],"into":[103,223],"reduce":[107],"complexity":[109],"improve":[111],"performance.":[113],"The":[114,261],"SSUM":[115],"composed":[118],"two":[120],"branches,":[121],"i.e.,":[122],"Spectral":[124,148,248],"branch":[126],"Spatial":[129,201,205,220,251],"branch,":[131,150,203,253],"designed":[132,210],"both":[140],"perspectives.":[144],"Specifically,":[145],"nearest-neighbor":[152],"spectrum":[153],"fusion":[154],"(NSF)":[155],"strategy":[156],"proposed":[158,269,286],"alleviate":[160],"interference":[162],"caused":[163],"by":[164,211,241],"(i.e.,":[168],"same":[169],"object":[170],"having":[171],"different":[172],"spectra).":[173],"sub-spectrum":[178,188],"scanning":[179],"(SS)":[180],"mechanism":[181],"scans":[185],"along":[186],"dimension":[189],"enhance":[191],"model\u2019s":[193],"perception":[194],"subtle":[196],"details.":[198],"(SM)":[207],"module":[208],"combining":[212],"2D":[214],"Selective":[215],"Scan":[216],"Module":[217],"(SS2D)":[218],"Attention":[221],"(SA)":[222],"unified":[225],"network":[226],"sufficiently":[228],"HSIs.":[234],"Finally,":[235],"results":[238],"are":[239],"derived":[240],"uniting":[242],"output":[244],"feature":[245],"thus":[254],"improving":[255],"comprehensive":[257],"ablation":[262],"studies":[263],"verify":[264],"effectiveness":[266],"NSF,":[270],"SS,":[271],"SM.":[273],"Comparison":[274],"experiments":[275],"on":[276],"four":[277],"public":[278],"HSI":[279],"datasets":[280],"show":[281],"superior":[283],"SSUM.":[287]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-04-20T07:46:08.049788","created_date":"2024-12-13T00:00:00"}
