{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4404089922","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16224140","title":"Improved Polar Current Shell Algorithm for Ocean Current Retrieval from X-Band Radar Data","display_name":"Improved Polar Current Shell Algorithm for Ocean Current Retrieval from X-Band Radar Data","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-11-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4404089922","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16224140"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16224140","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16224140","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/22/4140/pdf?version=1730893291","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/22/4140/pdf?version=1730893291","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115596915","display_name":"Yi Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9077-594X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130438778","display_name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","ror":"https://ror.org/04haebc03","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130438778"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John\u2019s, NL A1B 3X5, Canada","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John\u2019s, NL A1B 3X5, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130438778"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130438778"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067826233","display_name":"Zhiding Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0052-6021"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130438778","display_name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","ror":"https://ror.org/04haebc03","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130438778"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiding Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John\u2019s, NL A1B 3X5, Canada","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John\u2019s, NL A1B 3X5, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130438778"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130438778"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090385470","display_name":"Weimin Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9622-5041"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130438778","display_name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","ror":"https://ror.org/04haebc03","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130438778"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Weimin Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John\u2019s, NL A1B 3X5, Canada","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John\u2019s, NL A1B 3X5, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130438778"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130438778"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5090385470"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130438778"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.21116644,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"22","first_page":"4140","last_page":"4140"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11061","display_name":"Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11061","display_name":"Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10255","display_name":"Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11459","display_name":"Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/current","display_name":"Current (fluid)","score":0.6927083730697632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.5372011661529541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polar","display_name":"Polar","score":0.42159509658813477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.358707070350647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.29651880264282227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.29378819465637207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.17094075679779053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oceanography","display_name":"Oceanography","score":0.06395766139030457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astronomy","display_name":"Astronomy","score":0.061757415533065796}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148043351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4456944","display_name":"Current (fluid)","level":2,"score":0.6927083730697632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5372011661529541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29705727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q294562","display_name":"Polar","level":2,"score":0.42159509658813477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.358707070350647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.29651880264282227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.29378819465637207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.17094075679779053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.06395766139030457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.061757415533065796}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16224140","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16224140","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/22/4140/pdf?version=1730893291","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ce9bc9c9299f4569bd9f0b9978cf973d","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ce9bc9c9299f4569bd9f0b9978cf973d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 16, Iss 22, p 4140 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16224140","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16224140","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/22/4140/pdf?version=1730893291","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life below water","score":0.8600000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2598282750","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NSERC RGPIN-2024-04442","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","funder_display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4404089922.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1492302475","https://openalex.org/W1960647921","https://openalex.org/W1964717897","https://openalex.org/W1967617110","https://openalex.org/W1978239142","https://openalex.org/W1984395303","https://openalex.org/W1995118026","https://openalex.org/W1999125223","https://openalex.org/W2004818859","https://openalex.org/W2005096075","https://openalex.org/W2007626137","https://openalex.org/W2013434969","https://openalex.org/W2028626007","https://openalex.org/W2040053263","https://openalex.org/W2048021008","https://openalex.org/W2058121779","https://openalex.org/W2064883310","https://openalex.org/W2074730013","https://openalex.org/W2087105482","https://openalex.org/W2092726342","https://openalex.org/W2107446060","https://openalex.org/W2111882704","https://openalex.org/W2113329640","https://openalex.org/W2125337513","https://openalex.org/W2125441934","https://openalex.org/W2134222349","https://openalex.org/W2157730826","https://openalex.org/W2165914149","https://openalex.org/W2170892587","https://openalex.org/W2319322964","https://openalex.org/W2411809572","https://openalex.org/W2507735524","https://openalex.org/W2549415782","https://openalex.org/W2563915952","https://openalex.org/W2774732543","https://openalex.org/W2808558805","https://openalex.org/W2906297134","https://openalex.org/W2942573764","https://openalex.org/W2943394420","https://openalex.org/W2999271364","https://openalex.org/W3088730194","https://openalex.org/W3093311660","https://openalex.org/W3138658663","https://openalex.org/W3158898378","https://openalex.org/W4246371992","https://openalex.org/W4289821391","https://openalex.org/W4386631518","https://openalex.org/W4392719562","https://openalex.org/W4401414882","https://openalex.org/W4402262259","https://openalex.org/W6729043381","https://openalex.org/W6794814125","https://openalex.org/W6862140545"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2051487156","https://openalex.org/W2073681303","https://openalex.org/W2885615566","https://openalex.org/W4403617990","https://openalex.org/W1973916483","https://openalex.org/W1996076013","https://openalex.org/W2065102984","https://openalex.org/W2053286651","https://openalex.org/W2025479331","https://openalex.org/W2149101979"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"an":[3],"improved":[4,64,179,227,246],"algorithm":[5,147],"for":[6,121,187,194,205,233,239,247],"retrieving":[7],"ocean":[8],"surface":[9],"currents":[10],"from":[11,44,115,157],"X-band":[12],"marine":[13],"radar":[14,33,155,176,224],"images.":[15],"The":[16,146],"original":[17,144,217,259],"polar":[18,57],"current":[19,206,248],"shell":[20,43],"(PCS)":[21],"method":[22,181,229],"begins":[23],"with":[24,243],"a":[25,54,125],"3D":[26,46],"fast":[27],"Fourier":[28],"transform":[29],"(FFT)":[30],"of":[31,40],"the":[32,38,41,45,63,78,132,143,159,166,173,178,183,201,216,221,226,231,258],"image":[34,47],"sequence,":[35],"followed":[36],"by":[37,112,190,197,208,212,235,241,250,254],"extraction":[39],"dispersion":[42],"spectrum,":[48],"which":[49],"is":[50,66,129,148],"then":[51],"transformed":[52],"into":[53],"PCS":[55,79,180,218,228,260],"using":[56,150],"coordinates.":[58],"Building":[59],"on":[60],"this":[61],"foundation,":[62],"approach":[65],"to":[67,73,95,102,108,131,215,257],"analyze":[68],"all":[69],"data":[70,114,134,152,156],"points":[71],"corresponding":[72],"different":[74],"wavenumber":[75,86],"magnitudes":[76],"in":[77,142,163,170],"domain":[80],"rather":[81,135],"than":[82,136],"analyzing":[83],"each":[84],"specific":[85],"magnitude":[87],"separately.":[88],"In":[89],"addition,":[90],"kernel":[91],"density":[92],"estimation":[93,189,196],"(KDE)":[94],"identify":[96],"high-density":[97],"directions,":[98],"interquartile":[99],"range":[100],"filtering":[101,107],"remove":[103],"outliers,":[104],"and":[105,153,165,193,210,238,252],"symmetry-based":[106],"further":[109,122],"reduce":[110],"noise":[111],"comparing":[113],"opposite":[116],"directions":[117],"are":[118],"also":[119],"utilized":[120],"improvement.":[123],"Finally,":[124],"single":[126],"curve":[127,139],"fitting":[128],"applied":[130],"filtered":[133],"conducting":[137],"multiple":[138],"fittings":[140],"as":[141],"method.":[145,219,261],"validated":[149],"simulated":[151],"real":[154],"both":[158],"Decca":[160,175],"radar,":[161,168],"established":[162,169],"2008,":[164],"Koden":[167,223],"2017.":[171],"For":[172,220],"2008":[174],"data,":[177,225],"reduced":[182,230],"root-mean-square":[184],"deviation":[185],"(RMSD)":[186],"speed":[188,207,234,249],"0.06":[191,209],"m/s":[192,237],"direction":[195,211,240,253],"3.8\u00b0":[198],"while":[199],"improving":[200],"correlation":[202],"coefficients":[203],"(CCs)":[204],"0.07":[213],"compared":[214,256],"2017":[222],"RMSD":[232],"0.02":[236],"4.6\u00b0,":[242],"CCs":[244],"being":[245],"0.03":[251],"0.05":[255]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}