{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4403980954","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16214086","title":"Mapping Seasonal Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Alpine Grassland Forage Phosphorus Using Sentinel-2 MSI and a DRL-GP-Based Symbolic Regression Algorithm","display_name":"Mapping Seasonal Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Alpine Grassland Forage Phosphorus Using Sentinel-2 MSI and a DRL-GP-Based Symbolic Regression Algorithm","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4403980954","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16214086"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16214086","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16214086","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/21/4086/pdf?version=1730468293","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/21/4086/pdf?version=1730468293","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054648839","display_name":"Jiancong Shi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96852419","display_name":"Capital Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/005edt527","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96852419"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiancong Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Geographic Environment Research and Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China","Engineering Research Center of Space Information Technology, Ministry of Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China","Key Laboratory of 3D Information Acquisition and Application, Ministry of Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Geographic Environment Research and Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96852419"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Research Center of Space Information Technology, Ministry of Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96852419"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of 3D Information Acquisition and Application, Ministry of Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96852419"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101859157","display_name":"Aiwu Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2149-202X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96852419","display_name":"Capital Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/005edt527","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96852419"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Aiwu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Geographic Environment Research and Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China","Engineering Research Center of Space Information Technology, Ministry of Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China","Key Laboratory of 3D Information Acquisition and Application, Ministry of Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Geographic Environment Research and Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96852419"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Research Center of Space Information Technology, Ministry of Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96852419"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of 3D Information Acquisition and Application, Ministry of Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96852419"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100347432","display_name":"Juan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2537-1348"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96852419","display_name":"Capital Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/005edt527","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96852419"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Geographic Environment Research and Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China","Engineering Research Center of Space Information Technology, Ministry of Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China","Key Laboratory of 3D Information Acquisition and Application, Ministry of Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Geographic Environment Research and Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96852419"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Research Center of Space Information Technology, Ministry of Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96852419"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of 3D Information Acquisition and Application, Ministry of Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96852419"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102006590","display_name":"Xiang Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8177-8137"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96852419","display_name":"Capital Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/005edt527","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96852419"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinwang Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Geographic Environment Research and Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China","Engineering Research Center of Space Information Technology, Ministry of Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China","Key Laboratory of 3D Information Acquisition and Application, Ministry of Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Geographic Environment Research and Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96852419"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Research Center of Space Information Technology, Ministry of Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96852419"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of 3D Information Acquisition and Application, Ministry of Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96852419"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091763103","display_name":"Shaoxing Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6201-8404"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaoxing Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering & Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering & Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004789349","display_name":"Shatuo Chai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116265982","display_name":"Qinghai University","ror":"https://ror.org/05h33bt13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116265982"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shatuo Chai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Academy of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academy of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116265982"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101859157"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96852419"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.3681,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68731011,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"21","first_page":"4086","last_page":"4086"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9866999983787537,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9866999983787537,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10770","display_name":"Soil Geostatistics and Mapping","score":0.9677000045776367,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10895","display_name":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","score":0.9674000144004822,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2302","display_name":"Ecological Modeling"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grassland","display_name":"Grassland","score":0.6784049868583679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.5331382751464844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5225500464439392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forage","display_name":"Forage","score":0.5040522813796997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regression","display_name":"Regression","score":0.428924024105072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4150373041629791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.25415846705436707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.2536742687225342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.19954156875610352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.17736127972602844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.13644421100616455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.10115283727645874}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775835988","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1006733","display_name":"Grassland","level":2,"score":0.6784049868583679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5331382751464844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5225500464439392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779370140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13377214","display_name":"Forage","level":2,"score":0.5040522813796997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83546350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1139051","display_name":"Regression","level":2,"score":0.428924024105072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4150373041629791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.25415846705436707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2536742687225342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.19954156875610352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.17736127972602844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.13644421100616455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.10115283727645874}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16214086","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16214086","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/21/4086/pdf?version=1730468293","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:01f308c546484218b03ec75d9ce5024d","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/01f308c546484218b03ec75d9ce5024d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 16, Iss 21, p 4086 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16214086","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16214086","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/21/4086/pdf?version=1730468293","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.550000011920929,"display_name":"Life in Land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1151910271","display_name":"\u659c\u6a21\u9ad8\u5149\u8c31\u6210\u50cf\u8d85\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u91cd\u5efa\u673a\u7406\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"41571369","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1678216612","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KZ202110028044","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2207083089","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022-NK-136","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5676833369","display_name":"\u8349\u5730\u690d\u7269\u5316\u5b66\u5143\u7d20\u9ad8\u5149\u8c31\u9065\u611f\u76d1\u6d4b\u6280\u672f\u4e0e\u673a\u7406\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"42071303","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4403980954.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4403980954.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":69,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964217023","https://openalex.org/W1966579847","https://openalex.org/W1979129127","https://openalex.org/W1979769287","https://openalex.org/W1985555755","https://openalex.org/W2000102737","https://openalex.org/W2000613913","https://openalex.org/W2012519352","https://openalex.org/W2013797309","https://openalex.org/W2020520344","https://openalex.org/W2024663969","https://openalex.org/W2032587589","https://openalex.org/W2036003376","https://openalex.org/W2049233123","https://openalex.org/W2050410257","https://openalex.org/W2092229458","https://openalex.org/W2099256343","https://openalex.org/W2111947859","https://openalex.org/W2113283209","https://openalex.org/W2113410727","https://openalex.org/W2116823175","https://openalex.org/W2123386011","https://openalex.org/W2153931341","https://openalex.org/W2159961845","https://openalex.org/W2164888168","https://openalex.org/W2168705867","https://openalex.org/W2253751820","https://openalex.org/W2284510407","https://openalex.org/W2295598076","https://openalex.org/W2332981326","https://openalex.org/W2508621980","https://openalex.org/W2765453548","https://openalex.org/W2768035654","https://openalex.org/W2768348081","https://openalex.org/W2808423492","https://openalex.org/W2901928690","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2913483707","https://openalex.org/W2945976633","https://openalex.org/W2972361617","https://openalex.org/W2989983865","https://openalex.org/W3006233966","https://openalex.org/W3009163206","https://openalex.org/W3015514303","https://openalex.org/W3016256692","https://openalex.org/W3016401366","https://openalex.org/W3040225824","https://openalex.org/W3085428456","https://openalex.org/W3089251088","https://openalex.org/W3089326984","https://openalex.org/W3114772917","https://openalex.org/W3182308498","https://openalex.org/W3187435263","https://openalex.org/W3192393044","https://openalex.org/W4205199427","https://openalex.org/W4223650918","https://openalex.org/W4224294196","https://openalex.org/W4250118933","https://openalex.org/W4286299948","https://openalex.org/W4296159759","https://openalex.org/W4307815475","https://openalex.org/W4312075150","https://openalex.org/W4315474728","https://openalex.org/W4376602362","https://openalex.org/W4382366810","https://openalex.org/W4389305914","https://openalex.org/W4390502602","https://openalex.org/W6636950212","https://openalex.org/W6783427999"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2377244945","https://openalex.org/W1569360120","https://openalex.org/W2390860443","https://openalex.org/W2356977795","https://openalex.org/W2390549222","https://openalex.org/W2370363411","https://openalex.org/W2383584122","https://openalex.org/W2108664240","https://openalex.org/W2392859548","https://openalex.org/W2384895252"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"accurate":[1],"estimation":[2,116],"of":[3,7,160,168,274],"seasonal":[4],"spatiotemporal":[5],"dynamics":[6],"forage":[8,55,263],"phosphorus":[9],"(P)":[10],"content":[11,57,121],"in":[12,58,73],"alpine":[13,59],"grassland":[14,19,284],"is":[15],"crucial":[16],"for":[17,110,282],"effective":[18],"and":[20,37,49,70,107,127,147,153,163,165,171,183,190,195,198,209,216,221,224,235,242,247,250,286],"livestock":[21,288],"management.":[22],"In":[23],"this":[24],"study,":[25],"we":[26,80],"integrated":[27],"Sentinel-2":[28],"multispectral":[29],"imagery":[30],"(MSI)":[31],"with":[32,86,156,266],"computational":[33],"hyperspectral":[34],"features":[35],"(CHSFs)":[36],"developed":[38],"a":[39],"novel":[40],"symbolic":[41,100,129],"regression":[42,101,130],"algorithm":[43,131],"based":[44],"on":[45],"deep":[46],"reinforcement":[47],"learning":[48],"genetic":[50],"programming":[51],"(DRL-GP)":[52],"to":[53,137,186,193,201,212,219,227,238,245,253,257],"estimate":[54],"P":[56,120,264],"grasslands.":[60],"Using":[61],"243":[62],"field":[63],"observations":[64],"collected":[65],"during":[66,149],"the":[67,76,95,104,124,141,150,177,258,267],"regreening,":[68,151],"grass-bearing,":[69,152],"yellowing":[71,154],"periods":[72],"2023":[74],"from":[75],"Shaliu":[77],"River":[78],"Basin,":[79],"generated":[81],"10":[82],"CHSF":[83,106,126],"images":[84],"(CHSFIs)":[85],"varying":[87],"spectral":[88,108,139],"dispersions":[89],"(1\u201310":[90],"nm).":[91],"Our":[92],"results":[93],"demonstrated":[94],"following:":[96],"(1)":[97],"The":[98,203,229],"DRL-GP-based":[99,128],"model":[102],"identified":[103],"optimal":[105],"dispersion":[109],"each":[111],"growing":[112,175],"season,":[113],"significantly":[114,132],"enhancing":[115],"accuracy.":[117],"(2)":[118],"Forage":[119],"estimations":[122],"using":[123],"combined":[125],"outperformed":[133],"traditional":[134],"methods.":[135],"Compared":[136],"original":[138],"features,":[140],"R2":[142,178],"improved":[143],"by":[144,180,206,232],"99.5%,":[145],"57.4%,":[146],"86.2%":[148],"periods,":[155],"corresponding":[157],"MSE":[158,204],"reductions":[159],"84.8%,":[161],"41.5%,":[162],"75.8%":[164],"MAE":[166,230],"decreases":[167],"70.7%,":[169],"57.5%,":[170],"50.4%.":[172],"Across":[173],"these":[174],"seasons,":[176],"increased":[179],"322.2%,":[181],"68.2%,":[182],"639.8%":[184],"compared":[185,192,200,211,218,226,237,244,252],"MLR,":[187,213,239],"128.9%,":[188],"97.4%,":[189],"469.2%":[191],"RF,":[194,220,246],"485.1%,":[196],"65.3%,":[197],"231.3%":[199],"DNN.":[202,228,254],"decreased":[205,231],"31%,":[207],"82.9%,":[208],"52.4%":[210],"39.9%,":[214],"42.4%,":[215],"31.4%":[217],"84.5%,":[222],"73.4%,":[223],"81.9%":[225],"32.6%,":[233],"67%,":[234],"44.2%":[236],"42.6%,":[240],"47.6%,":[241],"37.9%":[243],"60.2%,":[248],"50%,":[249],"56.3%":[251],"(3)":[255],"Proximity":[256],"water":[259,275],"system":[260],"notably":[261],"influenced":[262],"variation,":[265],"highest":[268],"increases":[269],"observed":[270],"within":[271],"1\u20132":[272],"km":[273],"sources.":[276],"These":[277],"findings":[278],"provide":[279],"critical":[280],"insights":[281],"optimizing":[283],"management":[285],"improving":[287],"productivity.":[289]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
