{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402989406","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16193657","title":"Evaluating Flood Damage to Paddy Rice Fields Using PlanetScope and Sentinel-1 Data in North-Western Nigeria: Towards Potential Climate Adaptation Strategies","display_name":"Evaluating Flood Damage to Paddy Rice Fields Using PlanetScope and Sentinel-1 Data in North-Western Nigeria: Towards Potential Climate Adaptation Strategies","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-09-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402989406","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16193657"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16193657","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16193657","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/19/3657/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/19/3657/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059880569","display_name":"Saad Eddin Ibrahim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7621-269X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153648349","display_name":"University of Leicester","ror":"https://ror.org/04h699437","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153648349"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088819","display_name":"Kebbi State University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/006cvtz77","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088819"]}],"countries":["GB","NG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sa\u2019ad Ibrahim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, Adamu Augie College of Education, Argungu PMB 1012, Kebbi State, Nigeria","School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, Institute for Environmental Futures, University of Leicester, Space Park Leicester, 92 Corporation Road, Leicester LE4 5SP, Leicestershire, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, Adamu Augie College of Education, Argungu PMB 1012, Kebbi State, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088819"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, Institute for Environmental Futures, University of Leicester, Space Park Leicester, 92 Corporation Road, Leicester LE4 5SP, Leicestershire, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153648349"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018226678","display_name":"Heiko Balzter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9053-4684"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153648349","display_name":"University of Leicester","ror":"https://ror.org/04h699437","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153648349"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128104","display_name":"National Centre for Earth Observation","ror":"https://ror.org/0375jbm11","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141816643","https://openalex.org/I4210087105","https://openalex.org/I4210128104"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heiko Balzter","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Centre for Earth Observation, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leicestershire, UK","School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, Institute for Environmental Futures, University of Leicester, Space Park Leicester, 92 Corporation Road, Leicester LE4 5SP, Leicestershire, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Centre for Earth Observation, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leicestershire, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128104","https://openalex.org/I153648349"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, Institute for Environmental Futures, University of Leicester, Space Park Leicester, 92 Corporation Road, Leicester LE4 5SP, Leicestershire, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153648349"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5059880569"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153648349","https://openalex.org/I4210088819"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":4.5914,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94744235,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"19","first_page":"3657","last_page":"3657"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9890999794006348,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9890999794006348,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13890","display_name":"Remote Sensing and Land Use","score":0.9771000146865845,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10439","display_name":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","score":0.9760000109672546,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1105","display_name":"Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flood-myth","display_name":"Flood myth","score":0.6838394403457642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5404189229011536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.3699890673160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.22398698329925537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.2008364200592041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/archaeology","display_name":"Archaeology","score":0.04905050992965698}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74256435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134052","display_name":"Flood myth","level":2,"score":0.6838394403457642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5404189229011536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3699890673160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.22398698329925537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.2008364200592041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.04905050992965698}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16193657","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16193657","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/19/3657/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:367c41ed76ab43b78ec4b223937fe4a2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/367c41ed76ab43b78ec4b223937fe4a2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 16, Iss 19, p 3657 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16193657","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16193657","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/19/3657/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1800099414","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NE/T012447/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334631","funder_display_name":"Natural Environment Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4443410242","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NE/T012447/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320022","funder_display_name":"Sight Research UK"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5072611438","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NE/R016518/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320022","funder_display_name":"Sight Research UK"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7196605538","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NE/Y006216/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320022","funder_display_name":"Sight Research UK"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7502911137","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NE/Y006216/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334631","funder_display_name":"Natural Environment Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7685872390","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NE/R016518/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334631","funder_display_name":"Natural Environment Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320022","display_name":"Sight Research UK","ror":"https://ror.org/03z2py885"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320276","display_name":"University of Leicester","ror":"https://ror.org/04h699437"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334631","display_name":"Natural Environment Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/02b5d8509"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338155","display_name":"National Centre for Earth Observation","ror":"https://ror.org/0375jbm11"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4402989406.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4402989406.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":72,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W273955616","https://openalex.org/W1964217023","https://openalex.org/W2017496690","https://openalex.org/W2027091505","https://openalex.org/W2072633546","https://openalex.org/W2077509829","https://openalex.org/W2083970667","https://openalex.org/W2115769370","https://openalex.org/W2129090471","https://openalex.org/W2132424470","https://openalex.org/W2133059825","https://openalex.org/W2219736093","https://openalex.org/W2294087328","https://openalex.org/W2414168396","https://openalex.org/W2531168480","https://openalex.org/W2531279155","https://openalex.org/W2739997286","https://openalex.org/W2790399144","https://openalex.org/W2793927960","https://openalex.org/W2886498599","https://openalex.org/W2887480085","https://openalex.org/W2898187256","https://openalex.org/W2901803013","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2913631090","https://openalex.org/W2918825222","https://openalex.org/W2922499214","https://openalex.org/W2922634450","https://openalex.org/W2989983865","https://openalex.org/W3008489662","https://openalex.org/W3012594642","https://openalex.org/W3023064063","https://openalex.org/W3033504675","https://openalex.org/W3038008518","https://openalex.org/W3042133984","https://openalex.org/W3044528428","https://openalex.org/W3047260318","https://openalex.org/W3049213504","https://openalex.org/W3088162569","https://openalex.org/W3111077008","https://openalex.org/W3112860415","https://openalex.org/W3115369959","https://openalex.org/W3141978591","https://openalex.org/W3170817308","https://openalex.org/W3171737314","https://openalex.org/W3180017261","https://openalex.org/W3209906348","https://openalex.org/W3215426448","https://openalex.org/W4224306837","https://openalex.org/W4225142376","https://openalex.org/W4281972029","https://openalex.org/W4289731880","https://openalex.org/W4310177869","https://openalex.org/W4311004175","https://openalex.org/W4313319008","https://openalex.org/W4323924298","https://openalex.org/W4324307197","https://openalex.org/W4327753803","https://openalex.org/W4366138933","https://openalex.org/W4385491230","https://openalex.org/W4385541188","https://openalex.org/W4390953803","https://openalex.org/W4400578463","https://openalex.org/W6610017368","https://openalex.org/W6636950212","https://openalex.org/W6715629868","https://openalex.org/W6728761902","https://openalex.org/W6741827786","https://openalex.org/W6753627212","https://openalex.org/W6803524230","https://openalex.org/W6850959482","https://openalex.org/W7018294876"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2394377911","https://openalex.org/W63519562","https://openalex.org/W3020755331","https://openalex.org/W2593813247","https://openalex.org/W4386724243","https://openalex.org/W4388268408","https://openalex.org/W4387816319","https://openalex.org/W2016618709","https://openalex.org/W4380088563","https://openalex.org/W4249839349"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Floods":[0],"are":[1],"significant":[2],"global":[3],"disasters,":[4],"but":[5],"their":[6],"impact":[7,51],"in":[8,132,266,269],"developing":[9],"countries":[10],"is":[11,46,207,215],"greater":[12],"due":[13],"to":[14,89,127,143,187,228],"the":[15,71,75,113,182,191,197,238,260],"lower":[16],"shock":[17],"tolerance,":[18],"many":[19],"subsistence":[20],"farmers,":[21],"land":[22,140,155,198,206],"fragmentation,":[23],"poor":[24],"adaptation":[25,54,78,224],"strategies,":[26],"and":[27,35,39,53,97,115,154,166,231,243],"low":[28],"technical":[29],"capacity,":[30],"which":[31],"worsen":[32],"food":[33],"security":[34],"livelihoods.":[36],"Therefore,":[37],"accurate":[38],"timely":[40],"monitoring":[41,61],"of":[42,117,163,176,190,240,272],"flooded":[43,62,91],"crop":[44,152,251,262],"areas":[45,146],"crucial":[47],"for":[48,60,77,147,209,226,249],"both":[49],"disaster":[50],"assessments":[52],"strategies.":[55],"However,":[56],"most":[57],"existing":[58],"methods":[59],"crops":[63],"using":[64,94,121,253],"remote":[65],"sensing":[66],"focus":[67],"solely":[68],"on":[69,196],"estimating":[70],"flood":[72,130,170,183,233,250,261],"damage,":[73],"neglecting":[74],"need":[76],"decisions.":[79],"To":[80],"address":[81],"these":[82],"issues,":[83],"we":[84,136],"have":[85,111,137],"developed":[86,138,265],"an":[87,160,173],"approach":[88,101,119],"mapping":[90,171,252,263],"rice":[92,149,193],"fields":[93],"Earth":[95],"observation":[96],"machine":[98,254],"learning.":[99,255],"This":[100,235],"integrates":[102],"high-resolution":[103],"multispectral":[104,242],"satellite":[105],"images":[106],"with":[107],"Sentinel-1":[108],"data.":[109],"We":[110,219],"demonstrated":[112],"reliability":[114],"applicability":[116],"this":[118,267],"by":[120],"a":[122,128,139,270],"manually":[123],"labelled":[124],"dataset":[125],"related":[126],"devastating":[129],"event":[131,184],"north-western":[133],"Nigeria.":[134],"Additionally,":[135],"suitability":[141,199],"model":[142],"evaluate":[144],"potential":[145],"paddy":[148,192],"cultivation.":[150],"Our":[151,178],"extent":[153],"use/land":[156],"cover":[157],"classifications":[158],"achieved":[159,172],"overall":[161,174],"accuracy":[162,175],"between":[164],"93%":[165],"95%,":[167],"while":[168],"our":[169,201],"99%.":[177],"findings":[179],"indicate":[180,203],"that":[181,204],"caused":[185],"damage":[186],"almost":[188],"60%":[189],"fields.":[194],"Based":[195],"assessment,":[200],"results":[202],"more":[205],"suitable":[208],"cultivation":[210],"during":[211],"natural":[212],"floods":[213],"than":[214],"currently":[216],"being":[217],"used.":[218],"propose":[220],"several":[221],"recommendations":[222],"as":[223],"measures":[225],"stakeholders":[227],"improve":[229],"livelihoods":[230],"mitigate":[232],"disasters.":[234],"study":[236,268],"highlights":[237],"importance":[239],"integrating":[241],"synthetic":[244],"aperture":[245],"radar":[246],"(SAR)":[247],"data":[248],"Decision-makers":[256],"will":[257],"benefit":[258],"from":[259],"framework":[264],"number":[271],"spatial":[273],"planning":[274],"applications.":[275]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
