{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401946710","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16173182","title":"Large-Scale Mapping of Complex Forest Typologies Using Multispectral Imagery and Low-Density Airborne LiDAR: A Case Study in Pinsapo Fir Forests","display_name":"Large-Scale Mapping of Complex Forest Typologies Using Multispectral Imagery and Low-Density Airborne LiDAR: A Case Study in Pinsapo Fir Forests","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401946710","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16173182"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16173182","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16173182","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/17/3182/pdf?version=1724850439","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/17/3182/pdf?version=1724850439","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006948191","display_name":"Antonio Jes\u00fas Ariza Salamanca","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6050-4284"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I53110688","display_name":"University of C\u00f3rdoba","ror":"https://ror.org/05yc77b46","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I53110688"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonio Jes\u00fas Ariza-Salamanca","raw_affiliation_strings":["Silviculture Laboratory, Dendrochronology and Climate Change, DendrodatLab\u2014ERSAF, Department of Forestry Engineering, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, Crta. IV, km. 396, 14071 Cordoba, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Silviculture Laboratory, Dendrochronology and Climate Change, DendrodatLab\u2014ERSAF, Department of Forestry Engineering, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, Crta. IV, km. 396, 14071 Cordoba, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I53110688"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091755508","display_name":"Pablo Gonz\u00e1lez\u2010Moreno","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9764-8927"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I53110688","display_name":"University of C\u00f3rdoba","ror":"https://ror.org/05yc77b46","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I53110688"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pablo Gonz\u00e1lez-Moreno","raw_affiliation_strings":["Silviculture Laboratory, Dendrochronology and Climate Change, DendrodatLab\u2014ERSAF, Department of Forestry Engineering, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, Crta. IV, km. 396, 14071 Cordoba, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Silviculture Laboratory, Dendrochronology and Climate Change, DendrodatLab\u2014ERSAF, Department of Forestry Engineering, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, Crta. IV, km. 396, 14071 Cordoba, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I53110688"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055446183","display_name":"J. L\u00f3pez-Quintanilla","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jos\u00e9 Benedicto L\u00f3pez-Quintanilla","raw_affiliation_strings":["Consejer\u00eda Medio-Ambiente y Ordenaci\u00f3n del Territorio, Plan de Recuperaci\u00f3n del Pinsapo, 29071 M\u00e1laga, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Consejer\u00eda Medio-Ambiente y Ordenaci\u00f3n del Territorio, Plan de Recuperaci\u00f3n del Pinsapo, 29071 M\u00e1laga, Spain","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037807325","display_name":"Rafael M. Navarro\u2010Cerrillo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3470-8640"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I53110688","display_name":"University of C\u00f3rdoba","ror":"https://ror.org/05yc77b46","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I53110688"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rafael Mar\u00eda Navarro-Cerrillo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Silviculture Laboratory, Dendrochronology and Climate Change, DendrodatLab\u2014ERSAF, Department of Forestry Engineering, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, Crta. IV, km. 396, 14071 Cordoba, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Silviculture Laboratory, Dendrochronology and Climate Change, DendrodatLab\u2014ERSAF, Department of Forestry Engineering, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, Crta. IV, km. 396, 14071 Cordoba, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I53110688"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037807325"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I53110688"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.8147,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69140323,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"17","first_page":"3182","last_page":"3182"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11880","display_name":"Forest ecology and management","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2309","display_name":"Nature and Landscape Conservation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lidar","display_name":"Lidar","score":0.7069244384765625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multispectral-image","display_name":"Multispectral image","score":0.6183130741119385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forest-inventory","display_name":"Forest inventory","score":0.5783826112747192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.5760560035705566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forest-structure","display_name":"Forest structure","score":0.5393282175064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forest-management","display_name":"Forest management","score":0.49424269795417786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.4639788269996643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.43108195066452026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.4182833433151245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.37805429100990295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forestry","display_name":"Forestry","score":0.3070119619369507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/canopy","display_name":"Canopy","score":0.2709386944770813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.24756526947021484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.08151024580001831}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51399673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504027","display_name":"Lidar","level":2,"score":0.7069244384765625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173163844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1761440","display_name":"Multispectral image","level":2,"score":0.6183130741119385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147103442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423188","display_name":"Forest inventory","level":3,"score":0.5783826112747192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5760560035705566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983469836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4421","display_name":"Forest structure","level":3,"score":0.5393282175064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28631016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q372561","display_name":"Forest management","level":2,"score":0.49424269795417786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4639788269996643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.43108195066452026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4182833433151245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.37805429100990295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97137747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38112","display_name":"Forestry","level":1,"score":0.3070119619369507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101000010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5033434","display_name":"Canopy","level":2,"score":0.2709386944770813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.24756526947021484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.08151024580001831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16173182","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16173182","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/17/3182/pdf?version=1724850439","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:helvia.uco.es:10396/29059","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10396/29059","pdf_url":"http://helvia.uco.es/xmlui/bitstream/10396/29059/1/remotesensing-16-03182-v2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401816","display_name":"Universidad de C\u00f3rdoba Insitutional Repository (Universidad de C\u00f3rdoba)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210163269","host_organization_name":"Universidad Paccioli de C\u00f3rdoba","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163269"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Ariza-Salamanca, A.J.; Gonz\u00e1lez-Moreno, P.; L\u00f3pez- Quintanilla, J.B.; Navarro-Cerrillo, R.M. Large-Scale Mapping of Complex Forest Typologies Using Multispectral Imagery and Low-Density Airborne LiDAR: A Case Study in Pinsapo Fir Forests. Remote Sens. 2024, 16, 3182.","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:bb41d16ca48e4b438bc2c91c78e588c6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/bb41d16ca48e4b438bc2c91c78e588c6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 16, Iss 17, p 3182 (2024)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/16/17/3182/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs16173182","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16173182","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16173182","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/17/3182/pdf?version=1724850439","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.6100000143051147,"display_name":"Life in Land"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325299","display_name":"Universidad de C\u00f3rdoba","ror":"https://ror.org/05yc77b46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326754","display_name":"Junta de Andaluc\u00eda","ror":"https://ror.org/01jem9c82"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4401946710.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4401946710.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1498436455","https://openalex.org/W2001440241","https://openalex.org/W2022224360","https://openalex.org/W2039685028","https://openalex.org/W2053154970","https://openalex.org/W2084166106","https://openalex.org/W2100532524","https://openalex.org/W2109646220","https://openalex.org/W2114228414","https://openalex.org/W2146126838","https://openalex.org/W2155261478","https://openalex.org/W2163614163","https://openalex.org/W2245112306","https://openalex.org/W2261059368","https://openalex.org/W2342766595","https://openalex.org/W2345545404","https://openalex.org/W2430239505","https://openalex.org/W2482464033","https://openalex.org/W2570329023","https://openalex.org/W2742967775","https://openalex.org/W2769843277","https://openalex.org/W2793945807","https://openalex.org/W2896791113","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2914616550","https://openalex.org/W2940213026","https://openalex.org/W2953596310","https://openalex.org/W2976960284","https://openalex.org/W3036573352","https://openalex.org/W3086647741","https://openalex.org/W3112159969","https://openalex.org/W3114513898","https://openalex.org/W3217696036","https://openalex.org/W4206119747","https://openalex.org/W4223596969","https://openalex.org/W4229032470","https://openalex.org/W4239510810","https://openalex.org/W4294042832","https://openalex.org/W4294214797","https://openalex.org/W4312116263","https://openalex.org/W4312862206","https://openalex.org/W4380788879","https://openalex.org/W6717714035","https://openalex.org/W6787162776"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2883563055","https://openalex.org/W2765876372","https://openalex.org/W2584449615","https://openalex.org/W2995370404","https://openalex.org/W2184695186","https://openalex.org/W2208843201","https://openalex.org/W1983585394","https://openalex.org/W3088563418","https://openalex.org/W2166137953","https://openalex.org/W2148945890"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Climate":[0],"change":[1],"increases":[2],"the":[3,29,74,112,117,163,176,191],"vulnerability":[4],"of":[5,32,178,194],"relict":[6],"forests.":[7],"To":[8],"address":[9],"this":[10,27,33],"problem,":[11],"regional":[12],"Forest":[13],"Services":[14],"require":[15],"silvicultural":[16],"and":[17,49,54,61,91,119,170],"conservation":[18],"actions":[19],"to":[20,36,40,65,84,116,127,141,151,189],"designate":[21],"specific":[22,171],"forest":[23,45,68,71,106,130,135,143,154,196],"management":[24,144,155],"alternatives.":[25],"In":[26],"context,":[28],"main":[30],"objective":[31],"study":[34,174],"was":[35,125],"develop":[37],"a":[38,96],"methodology":[39],"map":[41],"complex":[42,195],"Abies":[43],"pinsapo":[44],"typologies":[46],"using":[47],"multispectral":[48,90],"low-density":[50,179],"airborne":[51],"LiDAR":[52,92,180],"data":[53,181],"machine":[55],"learning.":[56],"Stand":[57],"density,":[58],"species":[59],"composition":[60],"cover":[62],"were":[63],"used":[64,140],"identify":[66],"seven":[67],"typologies.":[69,197],"Random":[70],"resulted":[72],"as":[73,161],"more":[75,133],"accurate":[76,134],"model":[77,98],"(OA":[78],"=":[79,82],"0.62;":[80],"Kappa":[81],"0.43)":[83],"classify":[85],"those":[86],"types":[87,107],"based":[88],"on":[89],"data,":[93],"although":[94],"showing":[95],"moderate":[97],"performance.":[99],"Classification":[100],"performance":[101],"showed":[102],"great":[103],"differences":[104],"between":[105],"with":[108,132,183],"better":[109],"results":[110],"for":[111],"uneven-aged":[113],"stands":[114],"compared":[115],"even-aged":[118],"two-aged":[120],"stands.":[121],"The":[122,146,173],"developed":[123],"typology":[124,147],"applied":[126],"supply":[128],"local":[129],"managers":[131],"maps":[136],"that":[137],"can":[138],"be":[139],"improve":[142],"plans.":[145],"proposed":[148],"is":[149],"easy":[150],"apply":[152],"in":[153],"practices":[156],"since":[157],"it":[158],"only":[159],"uses":[160],"input":[162],"diameter":[164],"at":[165],"breast":[166],"height,":[167],"tree":[168],"density":[169],"composition.":[172],"demonstrated":[175],"potential":[177],"combined":[182],"spectral":[184],"information":[185],"from":[186],"high-resolution":[187],"orthophotos":[188],"predict":[190],"structural":[192],"characteristics":[193]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}