{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401910360","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16173166","title":"Study on Soil Moisture Status of Soybean and Corn across the Whole Growth Period Based on UAV Multimodal Remote Sensing","display_name":"Study on Soil Moisture Status of Soybean and Corn across the Whole Growth Period Based on UAV Multimodal Remote Sensing","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401910360","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16173166"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16173166","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16173166","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/17/3166/pdf?version=1724756078","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/17/3166/pdf?version=1724756078","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115595122","display_name":"Yaling Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250955327","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00cmhce21","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52158045","display_name":"China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04v3ywz14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yaling Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China","National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station on Efficient Water Use of Oasis Agriculture in Wuwei of Gansu Province, Wuwei 733000, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station on Efficient Water Use of Oasis Agriculture in Wuwei of Gansu Province, Wuwei 733000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045927506","display_name":"Xueyi Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0207-5538"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250955327","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00cmhce21","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52158045","display_name":"China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04v3ywz14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xueyi Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China","National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station on Efficient Water Use of Oasis Agriculture in Wuwei of Gansu Province, Wuwei 733000, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station on Efficient Water Use of Oasis Agriculture in Wuwei of Gansu Province, Wuwei 733000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109355059","display_name":"Fei Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9934-2478"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250955327","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00cmhce21","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52158045","display_name":"China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04v3ywz14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fei Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China","National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station on Efficient Water Use of Oasis Agriculture in Wuwei of Gansu Province, Wuwei 733000, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station on Efficient Water Use of Oasis Agriculture in Wuwei of Gansu Province, Wuwei 733000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109355059"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327","https://openalex.org/I52158045"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":2.9743,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91312895,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"17","first_page":"3166","last_page":"3166"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10770","display_name":"Soil Geostatistics and Mapping","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multispectral-image","display_name":"Multispectral image","score":0.7370185852050781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.6307289004325867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/irrigation","display_name":"Irrigation","score":0.5781763195991516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-content","display_name":"Water content","score":0.5249637961387634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.5115097761154175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agricultural-engineering","display_name":"Agricultural engineering","score":0.42424821853637695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.37968069314956665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-science","display_name":"Soil science","score":0.3682938814163208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agronomy","display_name":"Agronomy","score":0.18020623922348022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.0931868851184845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.08022138476371765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.06981629133224487}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173163844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1761440","display_name":"Multispectral image","level":2,"score":0.7370185852050781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6307289004325867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88862950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11453","display_name":"Irrigation","level":2,"score":0.5781763195991516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24939127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373499","display_name":"Water content","level":2,"score":0.5249637961387634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5115097761154175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88463610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194118","display_name":"Agricultural engineering","level":1,"score":0.42424821853637695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.37968069314956665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159390177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9161265","display_name":"Soil science","level":1,"score":0.3682938814163208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.18020623922348022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0931868851184845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.08022138476371765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.06981629133224487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16173166","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16173166","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/17/3166/pdf?version=1724756078","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:91b88dffca59424aa3c05a1c5c256e92","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/91b88dffca59424aa3c05a1c5c256e92","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 16, Iss 17, p 3166 (2024)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/16/17/3166/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs16173166","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16173166","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16173166","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/17/3166/pdf?version=1724756078","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.5199999809265137}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1121271761","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Program","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G391238517","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":", and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4020255992","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Project","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4826591884","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52179049","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5841342836","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"79049","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5881942141","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"202103","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6258415954","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Chinese","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6518217475","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"-202103","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321133","funder_display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321133","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4401910360.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4401910360.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":61,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964217023","https://openalex.org/W1996061706","https://openalex.org/W2012686349","https://openalex.org/W2022637976","https://openalex.org/W2028979033","https://openalex.org/W2029749028","https://openalex.org/W2036003376","https://openalex.org/W2037625304","https://openalex.org/W2040125657","https://openalex.org/W2040403200","https://openalex.org/W2052700773","https://openalex.org/W2056352756","https://openalex.org/W2064417027","https://openalex.org/W2068371905","https://openalex.org/W2068950233","https://openalex.org/W2084236720","https://openalex.org/W2085965017","https://openalex.org/W2086297082","https://openalex.org/W2092088043","https://openalex.org/W2113410727","https://openalex.org/W2132424470","https://openalex.org/W2133506218","https://openalex.org/W2154083639","https://openalex.org/W2157760685","https://openalex.org/W2163410149","https://openalex.org/W2360037919","https://openalex.org/W2380826349","https://openalex.org/W2396654588","https://openalex.org/W2575270753","https://openalex.org/W2902473107","https://openalex.org/W2908207024","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2922404491","https://openalex.org/W2923750943","https://openalex.org/W2943184968","https://openalex.org/W2960473340","https://openalex.org/W2989983865","https://openalex.org/W2996041315","https://openalex.org/W3011043496","https://openalex.org/W3048910655","https://openalex.org/W3066417939","https://openalex.org/W3087165791","https://openalex.org/W3153722531","https://openalex.org/W3161239242","https://openalex.org/W3177541756","https://openalex.org/W3185180736","https://openalex.org/W3212541149","https://openalex.org/W3212825593","https://openalex.org/W3215496783","https://openalex.org/W4206664801","https://openalex.org/W4211006349","https://openalex.org/W4286435447","https://openalex.org/W4296432358","https://openalex.org/W4313424065","https://openalex.org/W4319289039","https://openalex.org/W4382897037","https://openalex.org/W4385438334","https://openalex.org/W6636950212","https://openalex.org/W6798248615","https://openalex.org/W6849296793","https://openalex.org/W6854443526"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4379055770","https://openalex.org/W2980587248","https://openalex.org/W2134051725","https://openalex.org/W1963611513","https://openalex.org/W2108512031","https://openalex.org/W2063755384","https://openalex.org/W2048409327","https://openalex.org/W2153306223","https://openalex.org/W2997015357","https://openalex.org/W4360605079"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Accurate":[0],"estimation":[1,77,130,189,228],"of":[2,14,20,45,50,65,75,85,140,146,152,164,172,187],"soil":[3,80,185],"moisture":[4],"content":[5],"(SMC)":[6],"in":[7,61,104,128,244],"the":[8,48,73,83,102,117,138,144,150,162,179,183,236,245],"field":[9],"is":[10],"a":[11,96],"critical":[12],"aspect":[13],"precise":[15],"irrigation":[16,280],"management.":[17],"The":[18,114,120,226],"development":[19],"unmanned":[21],"aerial":[22],"vehicle":[23],"(UAV)":[24],"platforms":[25],"has":[26,59],"provided":[27,125],"an":[28,62],"economically":[29],"efficient":[30],"means":[31],"for":[32,190,206,232,262,275],"field-scale":[33],"SMC":[34,76,103,129,147,188,227,260,276],"measurements.":[35],"However,":[36],"previous":[37],"studies":[38],"have":[39],"mostly":[40],"focused":[41],"on":[42],"single-sensor":[43],"estimates":[44,261],"SMC.":[46],"Additionally,":[47],"lack":[49],"differentiation":[51],"between":[52],"various":[53],"crops":[54,234,264],"and":[55,69,95,107,168,195,202,214,222,278],"their":[56,266],"growth":[57,70,181,239,268],"stages":[58,71],"resulted":[60],"unclear":[63],"understanding":[64],"how":[66],"crop":[67],"types":[68],"affect":[72],"accuracy":[74,127,145,242],"at":[78],"different":[79,112,263],"depths.":[81],"Therefore,":[82],"purpose":[84],"this":[86,252],"paper":[87],"was":[88],"to":[89,100,132],"use":[90,163],"UAV":[91],"multimodal":[92,141],"remote":[93,122,135],"sensing":[94,123],"machine":[97],"learning":[98],"algorithm":[99],"estimate":[101],"agricultural":[105],"fields":[106],"investigate":[108],"estimation\u2019s":[109],"effectiveness":[110],"under":[111],"scenarios.":[113],"results":[115,249],"indicated":[116],"following:":[118],"(1)":[119],"multispectral":[121,165],"method":[124],"higher":[126],"compared":[131],"thermal":[133,173],"infrared":[134,174],"sensing.":[136],"Moreover,":[137],"integration":[139],"data":[142,166,175],"improved":[143],"estimation,":[148],"enhancing":[149],"coefficient":[151],"determination":[153],"(R2)":[154],"by":[155],"approximately":[156],"14%":[157],"over":[158,170],"that":[159,171,251],"achieved":[160],"through":[161],"alone":[167],"39%":[169],"alone.":[176],"(2)":[177],"Across":[178],"entire":[180],"period,":[182],"optimal":[184],"depths":[186],"soybean":[191],"were":[192,200,209,219],"10":[193,210],"cm":[194,197,216],"20":[196,212],"(average":[198,217],"R2":[199,218],"0.81":[201],"0.82,":[203],"respectively),":[204],"while":[205],"corn,":[207],"they":[208],"cm,":[211,213],"40":[215],"0.59,":[220],"0.60,":[221],"0.55,":[223],"respectively).":[224],"(3)":[225],"model":[229],"performed":[230],"better":[231],"both":[233],"during":[235],"first":[237],"three":[238],"stages,":[240],"with":[241],"declining":[243],"maturity":[246],"stage.":[247],"These":[248],"demonstrate":[250],"approach":[253],"can":[254,272],"provide":[255],"relatively":[256],"accurate":[257],"root":[258],"zone":[259],"throughout":[265],"main":[267],"periods.":[269],"Thus,":[270],"it":[271],"be":[273],"employed":[274],"monitoring":[277],"precision":[279],"system":[281],"design.":[282]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-04-20T07:46:08.049788","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}