{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401321842","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16152867","title":"Multi-Stage Frequency Attention Network for Progressive Optical Remote Sensing Cloud Removal","display_name":"Multi-Stage Frequency Attention Network for Progressive Optical Remote Sensing Cloud Removal","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401321842","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16152867"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16152867","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16152867","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/15/2867/pdf?version=1722932605","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/15/2867/pdf?version=1722932605","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112233730","display_name":"Caifeng Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5519-452X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Caifeng Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107071527","display_name":"Feng Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7389-4592"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155611","display_name":"Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04e698d63","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155611"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Feng Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China","Key Laboratory of Water Big Data Technology of Ministry of Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China","School of Computer Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Water Big Data Technology of Ministry of Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411","https://openalex.org/I4210155611"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060642323","display_name":"Xin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0576-3181"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155611","display_name":"Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04e698d63","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155611"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China","Key Laboratory of Water Big Data Technology of Ministry of Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Water Big Data Technology of Ministry of Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411","https://openalex.org/I4210155611"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100634217","display_name":"Xinyuan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8058-3597"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinyuan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001865876","display_name":"Zhennan Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0702-0325"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhennan Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053687089","display_name":"Yiwei Fang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1334-7092"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiwei Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071995587","display_name":"Xin Lyu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1862-2070"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155611","display_name":"Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04e698d63","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155611"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Lyu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China","Key Laboratory of Water Big Data Technology of Ministry of Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Water Big Data Technology of Ministry of Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411","https://openalex.org/I4210155611"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5107071527"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411","https://openalex.org/I4210155611"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.6417,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72348623,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"15","first_page":"2867","last_page":"2867"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11659","display_name":"Advanced Image Fusion Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11659","display_name":"Advanced Image Fusion Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.8522645235061646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7164596915245056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.5151047110557556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.5022635459899902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-domain","display_name":"Frequency domain","score":0.4991011619567871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-squared-error","display_name":"Mean squared error","score":0.45416030287742615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.3427150249481201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3394770622253418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.33205166459083557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.25529617071151733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.18455886840820312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.14861536026000977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14254143834114075}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.8522645235061646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7164596915245056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5151047110557556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.5022635459899902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19118579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786423","display_name":"Frequency domain","level":2,"score":0.4991011619567871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.45416030287742615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3427150249481201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3394770622253418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.33205166459083557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.25529617071151733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.18455886840820312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.14861536026000977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14254143834114075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16152867","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16152867","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/15/2867/pdf?version=1722932605","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c3f526c718c44209816e16fa5986994d","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c3f526c718c44209816e16fa5986994d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 16, Iss 15, p 2867 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16152867","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16152867","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/15/2867/pdf?version=1722932605","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4401321842.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":66,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W15101479","https://openalex.org/W1409132546","https://openalex.org/W1849277567","https://openalex.org/W1858246682","https://openalex.org/W1990592195","https://openalex.org/W2001547114","https://openalex.org/W2012861187","https://openalex.org/W2028191110","https://openalex.org/W2029411311","https://openalex.org/W2054366734","https://openalex.org/W2088450236","https://openalex.org/W2105038642","https://openalex.org/W2149676023","https://openalex.org/W2177128308","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2295231627","https://openalex.org/W2617469950","https://openalex.org/W2894340056","https://openalex.org/W2901424453","https://openalex.org/W2922288958","https://openalex.org/W2946917146","https://openalex.org/W2963073614","https://openalex.org/W2963091558","https://openalex.org/W3035294798","https://openalex.org/W3038579873","https://openalex.org/W3047144932","https://openalex.org/W3110361293","https://openalex.org/W3130455691","https://openalex.org/W3138962416","https://openalex.org/W3156576334","https://openalex.org/W3213601271","https://openalex.org/W3215865232","https://openalex.org/W4200148302","https://openalex.org/W4207042493","https://openalex.org/W4214666412","https://openalex.org/W4226051283","https://openalex.org/W4226181542","https://openalex.org/W4285800390","https://openalex.org/W4285992521","https://openalex.org/W4289547902","https://openalex.org/W4294215798","https://openalex.org/W4309478296","https://openalex.org/W4311529217","https://openalex.org/W4313156423","https://openalex.org/W4315630972","https://openalex.org/W4319166471","https://openalex.org/W4321788304","https://openalex.org/W4322746808","https://openalex.org/W4379184889","https://openalex.org/W4389286635","https://openalex.org/W4389297239","https://openalex.org/W4389317785","https://openalex.org/W4392237348","https://openalex.org/W4392909593","https://openalex.org/W4396731180","https://openalex.org/W4404056517","https://openalex.org/W6647720530","https://openalex.org/W6754892616","https://openalex.org/W6797578546","https://openalex.org/W6810378582","https://openalex.org/W6810618093","https://openalex.org/W6840318602","https://openalex.org/W6846839271","https://openalex.org/W6858882866","https://openalex.org/W6859084217","https://openalex.org/W6862935751"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4244478748","https://openalex.org/W4223488648","https://openalex.org/W2134969820","https://openalex.org/W2251605416","https://openalex.org/W2560439919","https://openalex.org/W4389340727","https://openalex.org/W3150465815","https://openalex.org/W1997222214","https://openalex.org/W2802581102","https://openalex.org/W4205786897"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cloud":[0],"contamination":[1],"significantly":[2],"impairs":[3],"optical":[4,61,195],"remote":[5],"sensing":[6],"images":[7],"(RSIs),":[8],"reducing":[9],"their":[10],"utility":[11],"for":[12,27,60],"Earth":[13],"observation.":[14],"The":[15,146],"traditional":[16],"cloud":[17,63,69,76,192],"removal":[18,70,193],"techniques,":[19],"often":[20],"reliant":[21],"on":[22,149],"deep":[23],"learning,":[24],"generally":[25],"aim":[26],"holistic":[28],"image":[29,43],"reconstruction,":[30],"which":[31],"may":[32],"inadvertently":[33],"alter":[34],"the":[35,75,80,84,88,92,103,106,110,150,160,191],"intrinsic":[36],"qualities":[37],"of":[38,83,168],"cloud-free":[39,115],"areas,":[40],"leading":[41],"to":[42,73,125],"distortions.":[44],"To":[45],"address":[46],"this":[47],"issue,":[48],"we":[49,133],"propose":[50],"a":[51,57,96,118,135],"multi-stage":[52],"frequency":[53,68,89,97,107],"attention":[54,98,120],"network":[55],"(MFCRNet),":[56],"progressive":[58],"paradigm":[59],"RSI":[62],"removal.":[64],"MFCRNet":[65,158],"hierarchically":[66],"deploys":[67],"modules":[71],"(FCRMs)":[72],"refine":[74],"edges":[77],"while":[78],"preserving":[79],"original":[81],"characteristics":[82],"non-cloud":[85],"regions":[86],"in":[87,166],"domain.":[90],"Specifically,":[91],"FCRM":[93],"begins":[94],"with":[95],"block":[99,121],"(FAB)":[100],"that":[101,139,157],"transforms":[102],"features":[104],"into":[105],"domain,":[108],"enhancing":[109],"differentiation":[111],"between":[112],"cloud-covered":[113],"and":[114,127,143,153,182],"regions.":[116],"Moreover,":[117],"non-local":[119],"(NAB)":[122],"is":[123],"employed":[124],"augment":[126],"disseminate":[128],"contextual":[129],"information":[130],"effectively.":[131],"Furthermore,":[132],"introduce":[134],"collaborative":[136],"loss":[137],"function":[138],"amalgamates":[140],"semantic,":[141],"boundary,":[142],"frequency-domain":[144],"information.":[145],"experimental":[147],"results":[148],"RICE1,":[151],"RICE2,":[152],"T-Cloud":[154],"datasets":[155],"demonstrate":[156],"surpasses":[159],"contemporary":[161],"models,":[162],"achieving":[163],"superior":[164],"performance":[165],"terms":[167],"mean":[169,174],"absolute":[170],"error":[171,176],"(MAE),":[172],"root":[173],"square":[175],"(RMSE),":[177],"peak":[178],"signal-to-noise":[179],"ratio":[180],"(PSNR),":[181],"structural":[183],"similarity":[184],"index":[185],"(SSIM),":[186],"validating":[187],"its":[188],"efficacy":[189],"regarding":[190],"from":[194],"RSIs.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T14:29:43.386196","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
