{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4400492919","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16142526","title":"BAFormer: A Novel Boundary-Aware Compensation UNet-like Transformer for High-Resolution Cropland Extraction","display_name":"BAFormer: A Novel Boundary-Aware Compensation UNet-like Transformer for High-Resolution Cropland Extraction","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-07-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4400492919","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16142526"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16142526","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16142526","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/14/2526/pdf?version=1720602451","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/14/2526/pdf?version=1720602451","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100396742","display_name":"Zhiyong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2402-7657"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37574244","display_name":"Sichuan Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/0388c3403","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37574244"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiyong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya\u2019an 625014, China","College of Information Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya\u2019an 625014, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37574244"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37574244"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084605514","display_name":"Y M Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3967-6365"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37574244","display_name":"Sichuan Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/0388c3403","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37574244"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Youming Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya\u2019an 625014, China","College of Information Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya\u2019an 625014, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37574244"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37574244"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101395959","display_name":"Fa Tian","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37574244","display_name":"Sichuan Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/0388c3403","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37574244"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fa Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya\u2019an 625014, China","College of Information Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya\u2019an 625014, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37574244"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37574244"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100778483","display_name":"Junbo Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2737-0821"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37574244","display_name":"Sichuan Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/0388c3403","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37574244"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junbo Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya\u2019an 625014, China","College of Information Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya\u2019an 625014, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37574244"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37574244"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101982346","display_name":"Yijie Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7455-5002"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37574244","display_name":"Sichuan Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/0388c3403","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37574244"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yijie Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya\u2019an 625014, China","College of Information Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya\u2019an 625014, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37574244"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37574244"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113843786","display_name":"Kunhong Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37574244","display_name":"Sichuan Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/0388c3403","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37574244"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kunhong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya\u2019an 625014, China","College of Information Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya\u2019an 625014, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37574244"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37574244"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5113843786"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37574244"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":1.6348,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81525124,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"14","first_page":"2526","last_page":"2526"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9754999876022339,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9754999876022339,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9599000215530396,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13717","display_name":"Advanced Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9596999883651733,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.35424086451530457}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.35424086451530457}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16142526","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16142526","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/14/2526/pdf?version=1720602451","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e1a77e59c2f64336acedabd00e692f41","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e1a77e59c2f64336acedabd00e692f41","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 16, Iss 14, p 2526 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16142526","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16142526","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/14/2526/pdf?version=1720602451","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life in Land","score":0.6600000262260437,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4400492919.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4400492919.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":76,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W343636949","https://openalex.org/W1903029394","https://openalex.org/W2176673053","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2412782625","https://openalex.org/W2618530766","https://openalex.org/W2779530678","https://openalex.org/W2886934227","https://openalex.org/W2897702453","https://openalex.org/W2898910301","https://openalex.org/W2909143073","https://openalex.org/W2910628332","https://openalex.org/W2922509574","https://openalex.org/W2966434031","https://openalex.org/W2997806675","https://openalex.org/W3013580370","https://openalex.org/W3033496625","https://openalex.org/W3034427230","https://openalex.org/W3077024029","https://openalex.org/W3108450508","https://openalex.org/W3127595489","https://openalex.org/W3137572916","https://openalex.org/W3138516171","https://openalex.org/W3161825146","https://openalex.org/W3171087525","https://openalex.org/W3172509117","https://openalex.org/W3183174367","https://openalex.org/W3190334976","https://openalex.org/W3200075728","https://openalex.org/W3211329537","https://openalex.org/W3213165621","https://openalex.org/W4200547174","https://openalex.org/W4205365435","https://openalex.org/W4214532801","https://openalex.org/W4214893857","https://openalex.org/W4225282899","https://openalex.org/W4283450732","https://openalex.org/W4285601297","https://openalex.org/W4292694364","https://openalex.org/W4312815172","https://openalex.org/W4312893741","https://openalex.org/W4312950730","https://openalex.org/W4313032421","https://openalex.org/W4313156405","https://openalex.org/W4320340739","https://openalex.org/W4323345754","https://openalex.org/W4323519442","https://openalex.org/W4323896970","https://openalex.org/W4372204177","https://openalex.org/W4383220296","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W4385346076","https://openalex.org/W4385413373","https://openalex.org/W4385655601","https://openalex.org/W4386361158","https://openalex.org/W4387975927","https://openalex.org/W4389890872","https://openalex.org/W4391582698","https://openalex.org/W4391594064","https://openalex.org/W4391974545","https://openalex.org/W4394632102","https://openalex.org/W4400073539","https://openalex.org/W4402754177","https://openalex.org/W6739901393","https://openalex.org/W6790082489","https://openalex.org/W6791768887","https://openalex.org/W6795755827","https://openalex.org/W6796931752","https://openalex.org/W6798387234","https://openalex.org/W6798837711","https://openalex.org/W6805641521","https://openalex.org/W6850350932","https://openalex.org/W6854973272","https://openalex.org/W6861349703","https://openalex.org/W6861380585","https://openalex.org/W6862036077"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W4395014643"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Utilizing":[0],"deep":[1],"learning":[2],"for":[3],"semantic":[4],"segmentation":[5],"of":[6,69,137,157,181],"cropland":[7,76,103],"from":[8,31],"remote":[9,62],"sensing":[10,63],"imagery":[11],"has":[12,139],"become":[13],"a":[14,38,82,89,131],"crucial":[15],"technique":[16],"in":[17,50,61],"land":[18],"surveys.":[19],"Cropland":[20,44],"is":[21],"highly":[22],"heterogeneous":[23],"and":[24,26,53,87,101,120,148,161,184],"fragmented,":[25],"existing":[27],"methods":[28],"often":[29,56],"suffer":[30],"inaccurate":[32],"boundary":[33,127],"segmentation.":[34],"This":[35],"paper":[36],"introduces":[37],"UNet-like":[39],"boundary-aware":[40,111],"compensation":[41],"model":[42,95],"(BAFormer).":[43],"boundaries":[45,104],"typically":[46],"exhibit":[47],"rapid":[48],"transformations":[49],"pixel":[51],"values":[52],"texture":[54],"features,":[55],"appearing":[57],"as":[58,73],"high-frequency":[59,71,116],"features":[60,72,105,117],"images.":[64],"To":[65],"enhance":[66],"the":[67,78,99,110,176],"recognition":[68],"these":[70,164],"represented":[74],"by":[75,113],"boundaries,":[77],"proposed":[79],"BAFormer":[80,138],"integrates":[81],"Feature":[83],"Adaptive":[84],"Mixer":[85],"(FAM)":[86],"develops":[88],"Depthwise":[90],"Large":[91],"Kernel":[92],"Multi-Layer":[93],"Perceptron":[94],"(DWLK-MLP)":[96],"to":[97],"enrich":[98],"global":[100],"local":[102],"separately.":[106],"Specifically,":[107],"FAM":[108],"enhances":[109],"method":[112],"adaptively":[114],"acquiring":[115],"through":[118],"convolution":[119],"self-attention":[121],"advantages,":[122],"while":[123],"DWLK-MLP":[124],"further":[125],"supplements":[126],"position":[128],"information":[129],"using":[130],"large":[132],"receptive":[133],"field.":[134],"The":[135],"efficacy":[136],"been":[140],"evaluated":[141],"on":[142,163,175],"datasets":[143],"including":[144],"Vaihingen,":[145],"Potsdam,":[146],"LoveDA,":[147],"Mapcup.":[149],"It":[150],"demonstrates":[151],"high":[152],"performance,":[153],"achieving":[154],"mIoU":[155],"scores":[156,180],"84.5%,":[158],"87.3%,":[159],"53.5%,":[160],"83.1%":[162],"datasets,":[165],"respectively.":[166],"Notably,":[167],"BAFormer-T":[168],"(lightweight":[169],"model)":[170],"surpasses":[171],"other":[172],"lightweight":[173],"models":[174],"Vaihingen":[177],"dataset":[178],"with":[179],"91.3%":[182],"F1":[183],"84.1%":[185],"mIoU.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-04-02T15:55:50.835912","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}